skeletal system - general anatomy presentation

general anatomy presentation

1. Skeletal system Presenter: Yashu Bhardwaj 6/3/2024 skeletal system 1

2. Contents Introduction Types of skeleton - axial & appendicular Bones Function of bones MCQ’s R eferences 6/3/2024 skeletal system 2

3. Introduction Skeleton composed of bones and cartilage. Both made up of skeletal ( sclerous ) tissue, bear weight without bending, have tensile strength. Skeletal tissue – same components as of general connective tissue but physically different because of solidified matrix. Function - Forms rigid framework of body. Provide protection to viscera. Provide leverage for the body movement. 6/3/2024 skeletal system 3

4. Types of skeleton Axial skeleton Bones and cartilage that lies close to central axis of body. - skull – cranial(brain case) and cranium(facial bone). - auditory ossicles – 3 small bones in middle ear cavity. - hyoid bone – above larynx and below lower jaw - vertebral column – 33 vertebrae, 7C, 12T, 5L, 5S, 4Co. - ribcage – 12 pair of ribs with coastal cartilage & sternum 6/3/2024 skeletal system 4

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7. Types of skeleton Appendicular skeleton bilaterally symmetrical comprise upper and lower extremity & bony girdles. - pectoral girdle: paired scapula and clavicle - upper limb: humerus , radius & ulna, carpal, metacarpal, phalanges. - pelvic girdle: two hip bone - lower limb: femur, tibia & fibula, tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges. 6/3/2024 skeletal system 7

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11. Bones Highly vascular mineralized connective tissue. Consist cells & dense intercellular organic matrix impregnated with inorganic salt. Organic material – collagen fibre forms one third of bone. Inorganic material – calcium phosphate provide hardness, rigidity, makes it radiopaque in x-ray. Supplied by nerves, blood vessels, lymph vessels, has power of regeneration & repair. 6/3/2024 skeletal system 11

12. Bones Function of bone form rigid framework for shape and support. Provide surface for attachment of muscles, tendons, ligaments. Protect certain visceras eg . Brain, spinal cord, heart, lung Serve as levers for muscular movement. Contain marrow Storehouse for calcium and phosphorus. 6/3/2024 skeletal system 12

13. MCQ’s Q.1 what is axial skeleton made up of? Skull, ribs, vertebrae Skull, ribs, vertebrae, clavicle Skull, ribs, vertebrae, pelvis Skull, sternum, spine Ans. a 6/3/2024 skeletal system 13

14. MCQ’s Q.2 How many bones make up the skull ? 15 23 11 22 Ans. d 6/3/2024 skeletal system 14

15. MCQ’s Q.3 how many pair of ribs are there, and also total number of bones in ribs? 12 pairs, 24 bones total 12 pairs, 25 bones total 10 pairs, 20 bones total 11 pairs, 22 bones total Ans. a 6/3/2024 skeletal system 15

16. MCQ’s Q.4 what organs do ribs protect? Heart, lungs and other vital organs Heart, lungs and stomach Heart, large intestine and lungs Heart, lungs Ans. d 6/3/2024 skeletal system 16

17. MCQ’s Q. 5 what is the function of skull ? Helps protect nerves to brain Helps protect entire spinal cord and brain Protect brain Protect spinal cord Ans. c 6/3/2024 skeletal system 17