Slavery and Triangular Trade notes.ppt

Triangular Trade History

1. The Triangular
Trade
(Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade)

2. DEFINITION
Triangular Trade:
Trade routes
between Africa,
Europe and the
Americas during
the Atlantic Slave
Trade.
Video 

3. Spain, Portugal,
& England
They needed slaves to work
on their plantations in
South America, the
Caribbean, & North America

4. ENGLAND
At beginning, only a few slaves came to
English colonies.
But when tobacco, cotton & rice
plantations grew in the colonies, slave
trade increased.
Britain was given control over much of
slave trade had a monopoly

5. Maps of the Triangular Trade

9. Leg One: THE OUTWARD PASSAGE
Ships left Europe loaded with guns, tools, textiles
(manufactured goods)
Crews with guns went ashore to capture slaves &
purchase slaves from tribal leaders.
Slaves were obtained by:
1. Kidnapping
2. Trading
3. Tributes (gifts)
4. People in debt
5. Criminals
6. Prisoners of tribal wars

10. Goree, or Slave-Stick
A forked branch which opens exactly to the size of a
neck so the head can't pass through it.
The forked branch is pierced with two holes so that
an iron pin comes across the neck of the slave . . .,
so that the smallest movement is sufficient to stop
him and even to strangle him

11. Goree, or Slave-Stick

13. Forced Participation
African Chiefs resisted in the beginning; BUT
needed weapons for defense.
Europeans too powerful; resistance was
unsuccessful
If chiefs did not supply slaves, they were
threatened to be taken as slaves.

15. Slaves were held in
prisons along the west
coast of Africa.
They were waiting to put
on slaves ships.
Those that journeyed
from the interior and
were not fit for the ship
were left on the shores to
die

16. Fort
Elmina

17. Leg Two: THE MIDDLE PASSAGE
-Voyage from Africa to Americas
-Ships sailed across Atlantic Ocean from Africa to
Americas, carrying slaves & gold
-Journey took 5-12 weeks
-DISGUSTING CONDITIONS
-Some Africans tried to jump ship, refused to eat &
rebelled.
-Loss of slave’s life = loss of $ for sailors.

19. Leg Two: THE MIDDLE PASSAGE
“Loose packing”: captains took fewer
slaves in hope to reduce sickness & death.
“Tight packing”: captains carried as many
slaves as their ship could hold many
died on voyage

24. Click picture for video

25. Leg Three: THE HOMEWARD
PASSAGE
Africans sold at auctions in Americas
Money from sale would buy cargo of raw
materials: cotton, sugar, spices, rum,
chocolate or tobacco.
In Europe, converted raw materials into
finished products.

27. Auctions (don’t write down)
There were 3 ways slaves were auctioned off:
1.Public Auctions:
-They put tar on the slaves to hide any sores
and cuts
-Slaves were inspected
-An auction to took place and the higher
bidder would get to purchase the slave.
-Bids were taken as long as an inch of a candle
burned.
-Slaves were branded
-Families were separated
-They were given a European name.

29. Auctions (don’t write down)
2. Private Auctions:
-Similar to public auctions
-They were indoors and red
markers would be placed on the
door to indicate an auction.

31. Auctions (don’t write down)
3.A Scramble:
-They would take place on the docks
or on the deck of the ship
-There would be a fixed price per
head
-Slave owners would go in and grab
who they wanted to purchase.

32. AUCTIONS
American born slaves who had skills were most
expensive
African born slaves were less $, as they had to be
“broken in”
Age, sex, & skills determined cost
Slaves with many scars considered too rebellious
3 ways: public auction, private auction, or
scramble

33. Click for Auction Video

34. SLAVERY ABOLISHED IN
BRITISH EMPIRE
1807 = slave trade abolished in British Empire no
slaves carried from Africa in British ships.
1834 = Emancipation Act: slaves under 6 yrs. old
freed; field hands over 6 worked for 6 more years;
house slaves worked 10 more years
Britain gave 20 million pounds in compensation to
former slave owners (slaves received nothing)
1838 all slaves given complete freedom
Slavery in USA not abolished until 1865

35. Slave Trade Overview
Video

36. The Atlantic Slave Trade in
Two Minutes
http://www.slate.com/articles/life/the_history_of_ameri
can_slavery/2015/06/animated_interactive_of_the_histo
ry_of_the_atlantic_slave_trade.html