SNAKE BITE FOR TOLI(Dr SK)_650a0903-9815-4a69-ba3b-d48f62a61680.pptx

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1. SNAKE BITE IN NEPAL Dr.Santosh Khadka Medical Officer MHN

2. CONTENT Introduction of snake bite in Nepal Types of Snakes in Nepal Introduction to non poisoning snake Identification of non poisoning snake Sign and symptoms of non poisoning snake bite First aid management of non poisoning snake bite What to do and what not to Do for Snake bite

3. Introduction Snake bite is a life threatening and time limiting medical emergency 89 species have been identified in Nepal 17 species of snake are found to venemous Snake bite commonly occurs in Terai districts during summer and monsoon Snake of medical importance in Nepal are ELAPIDAE- Cobra, Krait VIPERADAE- Pit vipers

4. Common cobra(Goman, nag)

5. Krait Common Krait(seto kalo chure sarpa) Banded krait(laxmi sanp,pahelo kalo chure sarp)

6. VIPERADAE Russel’s viper Pit viper(Haryou sarpa)

7. Introduction to non poisonous snake They are harmless Friends of farmers- helps to control pests like rodents and snake Usually not agressive unless provoked

8. Contd... No fangs or venom glands,have small teeth instead Rounded head(not triangular),no head neck distinction Round pupils Double row of scales on the underside of tail

9. Common non venemous snakes found in Nepal

10. Indian Rat snake(Dhamin) Seen in village and farmland Eats frogs and small birds Often mistaken for cobra due to its size and holding behavior

11. Checkered keelback(Paani Sarpa) common near rivers, ponds and rice field feeds on fish and frogs

12. Himalayan Trinket( Chameli Sarpa) slender hunts, rodents and birds found in forests and near human settlements

13. Green keelback(hariyo dhamin) Found in forests and hilly area feeds on frogs and insects Shy and harmless

14. Indian python (अ ि जङगर) Non poisonous found in terai region, forests grasslands slow moving,shy and non agressive kills prey by constriction

15. BREAK TIME

16. Sign and symptoms of Non poisonous snake bite Local pain Swelling Redness Puncture/scratch marks No neurotoxic or hemotoxic symptoms Possible mild infection if untreated

17. First aid management of Non poisonous snake bite Reassure the pt around 70% of snake bite are from non venomous species Wash the wound with soap and water Cold compression- to reduce swelling Do not cut suck or apply Tourniquet Immediate referral to hospital if- Pain/swelling appears signs of infection appears

18. What to do and what not to do in snake bite What TO DO Reasssuare the paient Nil per moouth Remove shoes, rings, watches, jewelleries,tight clothing at bitten area Leave blisters undisturbed Shift the victim to the nearest hospital ASAP Monitor closely and inform doctor about sign and symptoms that were present during transport What NOT TO DO Cutting and sucking of bite site Application of various chemicals, local remedies, cow dung Application of Tight Tourniquets Do not try to kill or capture the snake(however if already killed then should be taken to hospital for identification)

19. Reference National guidelines for snake bite management in Nepal-2019

20. Thank you