SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM.pptx

ppt

1. B.J.P.S Samiti’s M.V.HERWADKAR ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGH SCHOOL STD 7 .SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS VARADA PHADKE

2. 19 th Century - Period of Indian Renaissance Indians always had a scientific outlook & were rational Indians were exposed to Western civilization Rationalism simulated the Indians to question superstitions, some traditions, & self interest Western thoughts reignited the ideas of democracy, freedom, equality & nationalism 2

3. Prominent Social Reformers Brahmo Samaj Raja Ram Mohan Roy has been called “The Father of Indian Renaissance” Well versed in Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, English, French, Greek, Larin Studies principles of various religions: Hinduism, Islam, Sufi, Christanity , & Buddhism Questioned practice of idol-worship Argued that modern science & English were essential for Indians revival Supported prohibition of Sati Act by Lord William Bentinck Started Bengali newspaper “ Samvada Kaumudi ” Efficient soldier & administrator Brahmo Samaj was in the forefront of social & religious reformation Opposed idol worship, performing yagas & rituals & opposed priestly class 3

4. Prominent Social Reformers Arya Samaj Established by Dayanand Saraswati Travelled through out the country giving lectures & emphasized that Vedas were the source of truth & knowledge Condemned idol worship & caste system Promoted caste based on ability & not by birth Encouraged widow marriages & use of swadeshi goods Wrote a book called “ Satyartha Prakasha ” Purification of Ritual was the main activity of Arya Samaj Principles of Swarajya & Swadharma inspired people to take part in freedom movement Proclaimed “India Should be for Indians” 5

5. DAYANANDA SARASWATI

6. Prominent Social Reformers Prarthana Samaj Established by Atmaram Panduranga in Mumbai Motto was service to mankind is service to God Gave priority to education by establishing Deccan Education Society Encouraged widow marriage, female literacy, intercaste marriage, eating together by people of all castes, & opposed child marriage Condemned purdah system Maintained that all religions lead to truth & need respect M.G. Ranade popularized Prarthana Samaj Reforms in political & economic fields was impossible without reform of society Propagated Hindu-Muslim unity Started High school for educating girls 7

7. ATMARAM PANDURANGA

8. Prominent Social Reformers Sathyashodak Samaj Established by Jyotiba Phule Emphasized freedom as basic necessity of every individual Urged for prohibition of liquor Opposed gender inequality, denial of human rights, exploitation of people & practice of untouchability Condemned slavery forced on Shudras , dalits , -fought for equality Phule wrote book “ Gulamagiri ” His wife Saitribhail Phule worked hard for women’s education Shahu Maharaj openend many branches of the Samaj Began struggles on behalf of farmers Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was influenced by Phule’s principles 9

9. MAHATMA JOYTIBA PHULE

10. Prominent Social Reformers Aligarh Movement Established by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan Aimed at promoting harmony of Eastern & Western ideas through transformation of Muslims in their social, political, educational, religious & philosophical beliefs Started the Anglo-Oriental College which was renamed as “Aligarh Muslim University” Aim was to provide religious education along with western education – modern society Stayed outside congress & prmoted Muslim unity Supported female literacy, condemned polygamy & encouraged widow marriage 11

11. SIR SYED AHMED KHAN

12. Prominent Social Reformers Ramakrishna Mission Ramakrishna Paramahamsa – a priest promoted Indian Culture Considered all religions to be equal Spiritual realization was more important than any religion or God Believed in idol-worship Swami Vivekananda was his favorite disciple Ramakrishna Ashram has many branches all over the world Swami a revolutionary monk showed Indians the importance of loving life Stressed the significance of individual, his presence & ability Maintained that apart from prayer & practice of yoga, social service was also necessary for attaining Moksha Mission is still continuing to nurture culture through education & self service Emphasized that nation & religion are two faces of a coin Showed the world the greatness of India, its culture, religion & people 13

13. RAMAKRISHAN PARAMAHAMSA AND SWAMI VIVEKANANDA

14. Prominent Social Reformers Theosophical Society (Brahma Vidya Samaj ) Established by Madam Blavatsky & Colonel H. S. Olcott Founded on the principles of Universal Brotherhood Anne Besant-Irish lady promoted the Theosophical society Contributed immensely to Indian philosophy and the independence struggle Aroused pride in Indian culture through lectures Gave her full support to Indian freedom struggle Started a newspaper called “New India” Started Home Rule Movement in 1916 15

15. ANNIE BEASANT