social anxiety disorder

introduction,causes and treatment etc of a psychology problem that is social anxiety disorder

1. GROUP MEMBARE HAFIZ USMAN (GROUP LEADER) QURATULIANE FATIMA AROOJ RASHAD BUTT AROOSA ASLAM ASIA SHAHZADI MOHSIN SIDRA SALEEM AZKA BABAR

2. Overview INTRODUCTION BY USMAN TYPES OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER BY QURATULAIN CAUSES BY AROOJ SIGN AND SYMPTOMS BY ASIA TREATMENT BY SIDRA AND MOHSIN EFFECTED PERSONALITY BY AROOSA IMPACT ON SOCIETY BY AZKA CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia , involves intense fear of certain social situations—especially situations that are unfamiliar or in which you feel you’ll be watched or evaluated by others . Public speech fear Meeting with new people

4. History Early as 400 B.C . During this time, Hippocrates described the overly shy person as someone who "loves darkness as life" and "thinks every man observes him."

5. Joseph wolpe Early 1900s : In the early part of the 20th century, psychiatrists used terms such as social phobia and social neurosis to refer to extremely shy patients 1950s : South African psychiatrist Joseph Wolpe paved the way for later advances in behavioral therapy for phobias through his work. Developing systematic desensitization Techniques.

6. Issac Marks 1960s : British psychiatrist Isaac Marks proposed that social phobias be considered a distinct category Separate from other simple phobias .

7. American Psychiatric Association 1968: In the second edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II), published by the American Psychiatric Association, social fears were described as a specific phobia of social situations or an excessive fear of being observed.

8. T hird edition of the (DSM) 1980 : In the third edition of the DSM (DSM-III), social phobia was included as an official psychiatric diagnosis. In this edition, social phobia was described as a fear of performance situations, and did not include fears of less formal situations such as casual conversations. People with such broad fears were more likely to be diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder .

9. Michael Liebowitz 1985 : Psychiatrist Michael Liebowitz and clinical psychologist Richard Heimberg initiated a call to action for research on social phobia.

10. DSM-III&DSM-IV 1987 : DSM-III leads to diagnostic criteria ., symptoms Finally, the term " generalized social anxiety disorder ," was introduced. 1994 : The DSM-IV is published and the term social anxiety disorder (SAD) replaces social phobia. 1995 to present: research attention has focused on. Cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques and medications e tc.

11. TYPES OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

12. TYPES OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER PANIC DISORDER OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD) POST-TRAUMATIC STRES DISORDER (PTSD) SPECIFIC ANXIETY DISORDER SPECIFIC PHOBIAS GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

13. PANIC DISORDER A panic attack is a sudden surge of overwhelming fear that comes without warning and without any obvious reason.

14. SYMPTOMS Racing heartbeat Terror that is almost paralyzing Trembling, sweating, shaking Choking, chest pains Hot flashes, or sudden chills Fear that you're going to go crazy or are about to die

15. OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD): Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts and repetitive, ritualized behaviors you feel compelled to perform.

16. OBSESSIONS: Involuntary, seemingly uncontrollable thoughts, images, or impulses that occur over and over again in your mind . COMPULSIONS: Behaviors or rituals that you feel driven to act out again and again. Usually, compulsions are performed in an attempt to make obsessions go away.

17. CATEGORIES Washers afraid of contamination. They usually have hand-washing compulsions. Checkers repeatedly check things. Doubters and sinners afraid that if everything isn’t perfect just right something terrible will happen. Counters and arrangers obsessed with order and symmetry. Hoarders fear that something bad will happen if they throw anything away. use.

18. POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD): Post-traumatic stress disorder, is an anxiety  problem that develops in some people after extremely traumatic events, such as combat, crime, an accident or natural disaster.

19. Phobia is an irrational and excessive fear of an object or situation. In most cases, the phobia involves a sense of endangerment or a fear of harm. PHOBIAS

20. TYPES OF PHOBIAS SOCIAL PHOBIAS —fear of social situations. AGORAPHOBIA —fear of being trapped in an inescapable place or situation. SPECIFIC PHOBIAS —fear of a specific object (such as snakes).

21. SPECIFIC PHOBIAS A marked, persistent fear of a clearly discern able, circumscribed object or situation. Adult sufferers recognize that the fear is out of proportion to reality.

22. MAJOR TYPES OF SPECIFIC PHOBIAS THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT —fear of lightening, water, storms, etc. ANIMAL —fear of snakes, rodents, spiders, etc. MEDICAL —fear of seeing blood, receiving injections, visiting a doctor, etc. SITUATIONAL —fear of bridges, leaving the home, driving, etc .

23. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

24. Sign & Symptoms Physical symptoms include: Blushing Nausea Excessive sweating Trembling or shaking Difficulty speaking Dizziness Rapid heart rate

25. Psychological symptoms Worrying intensely about social situations. Worrying about embarrassing yourself in a social situation. Worrying that other people will notice you are stressed or nervous. Needing a drink to face a social situation. Missing school or work because of anxiety.

26. Emotional and behavioral symptoms Fear of situations in which you may be judged Fear that others will notice that you look anxious Avoiding doing things or speaking to people out of fear of embarrassment Avoiding situations where you might be the center of attention Difficulty making eye contact Difficulty talking

27. CAUSES OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

28. GENETIC CAUSES Genetic causes are run in family. According to The American Psychiatric Association: "anxiety disorders run in families. For example , if one identical twin has an anxiety disorder, the second twin is likely to have an anxiety disorder as well, which suggests that genetics-possibly in combination with life experiences-makes some people more susceptible to these illnesses "

29. Jerome Kagan, Ph.D. has researched the genetic causes of SAD at Harvard. He study children infancy to the adolescence. He discovered that 10 to 15% child are shy fearful in their infancy they have much higher rate of social anxiety disorder in their adolescence.

30. EXPERIENCES CAUSES This negative causes of social anxiety disorder are related to the past experience. This causes are more related to the children. Negative experience are: Bulling Family conflict Teasing Rejection

31. NEURAL CAUSES: NEUROTRNSMITTER DOPAMINE: The level of dopamine are lower in those in people who have social anxiety disorder. SEROTONIN : There is some evident that people with social anxiety disorder have reduce serotonin recept ors.

32. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate mood and emotions, among other things. People with social anxiety disorder may be extra-sensitive to the effects of serotonin.

33. BRAIN STRUCTURE A structure in the brain called the amygdala (uh-MIG-duh- luh ) may play a role in controlling the fear response. The amygadla is hypersensitive in people with social anxiety disorder. This result in affected people overestimating social threats.

34. THERAPIES

35. THERAPIES Social anxiety disorders can be treated by following therapies. Cognitive behavioral therapy Family therapy Exposure therapy Group therapy Home treatmen t

36. Cognitive behavioral therapy CBT Helps people to identify cognitive patterns or thoughts and emotions that are linked with behavior. Addresses negative patterns and distortions in the way we look at the world and ourselves. Example of glass. Effective for the treatment of phobias, addictions, schizophrenia, and depression.

37. Components of CBT Cognitive therapy : Examines how negative thoughts, or cognitions, contribute to anxiety. Aims to change the way of thinking. identification and challenging negative thoughts with positive thoughts.

38. Behavioral therapy Examines how you behave and react in situation that trigger anxiety. Decrease negative thoughts, cognitions and emotions.

39. Family therapy Play vital role in the treatment of social anxiety disorder. Advantageous for family members to be included in treatment process. Therapist spend few hours each week with patient

40. Exposure therapy Exposes you to the situation or objects you fear. Learn how to gradually face social situations, rather than avoiding them. Fear of height….face the fear….control….diminish.

41. Group therapy Learning social skills and techniques to help interact with people in social settings. Participants in group therapy with others who have same fear may make one feel less alone.

42. Home treatment include Avoiding caffeine : foods such as coffee, chocolate and soda. Getting plenty of sleep : eight hours per night.

43. Treatment of anxiety disorder TREATMENT OF ANXIETY DISORDER BY MEDICAYION & Complementary & Alternative Treatment

44. UNDERSTANDING ANXIETY MEDICATION A drug or other form of medicine that is used to treat or prevent disease, Many different types of medications are used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, including. Anti-anxiety drugs such as benzodiazepines Antidepressants and Beta-blockers.

45. ANXIETY MEDICATION Medication can relieve some symptoms of anxiety, but it also comes with side effects and safety concerns, there is also the risk of addiction Non-drug treatments may not relieve your anxiety as quickly as medication, but they can produce lasting results

46. ANTI-ANXIETY DRUGS (BENZODIAZEPINES) Anti-anxiety drugs, also known as tranquilizers, are medications that relieve anxiety by slowing down the central nervous system. Anti-anxiety drugs are the most widely used type of medication for anxiety and have also side effects

47. OTHER TYPES OF MEDICATIONS FOR ANXIETY Antidepressant medications for anxiety Buspirone (BuSpar) Beta blocker medications for anxiety

48. ANTIDEPRESSANT MEDICATIONS FOR ANXIETY Antidepressants  are drugs used for the treatment of   anxiety disorders ,  Obsessive compulsive disorder ,  Eating disorders ,

49. BUSPIRONE (BUSPAR) Buspirone, also known by the brand name BuSpar, is a newer anti-anxiety drug that acts as a mild tranquilizer It takes about two weeks to start working on anxiety However, it has several advantages over the older anti-anxiety drugs :, it doesn’t impair memory, it’s not very addictive,

50. BETA BLOCKER MEDICATIONS FOR ANXIETY Beta blockers are a type of medication used to treat, anxiety, high blood pressure and heart problems. When you take beta blockers, the heart beats more slowly and with less force, thereby reducing blood pressure.

51. COMPLEMENTARY & ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT The following complementary and alternative practices are currently used to treat anxiety and anxiety disorders: Stress and Relaxation Techniques  Yoga Kava

52. STRESS AND RELAXATION TECHNIQUES Relaxation techniques have also been used to relieve anxiety for people in stressful situations They were more effective than, no treatment for depression

53. KAVA Kava is a crop of the western Pacific. Kava is used to calm  anxiety , stress, and restlessness, and treat  sleep  problems (insomnia) It has also had a positive impact on reducing anxiety and depression levels .

54. YOGA Yoga is a physical exercise, which combines physical postures, breathing exercises, meditation,. Regular  yoga practice can help you stay calm  and relaxed in daily life and can also give you the strength to face events as they come without getting restless.

55. PERSONALITIES SUFFERING FROM SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

56. Susie O’Neill She is an Australian swimmer and Olympic Medalist. Susie experienced social anxiety disorder during her career when faced with being in the spotlight.

57. Ricky Williams NFL Time Line Ricky Williams is a football player. This football player diagnosed with social anxiety disorder has spent time during his professional career.

58. Khalil Greene Khalil Greene is a shortstop for the St.Lious Cardinals. He was placed on the disabled list in 2009 because of social anxiety disorder .

59. Dontrelle Willis Dontrelle Willis is a professional baseball player. He was placed on the disabled list in the early 2009 because of social anxiety disorder.

60. Zack Greinke Zack Greinke is a professional baseball player. He has battled depression and social anxiety disorder.

61. Barbra Streisand 1-Barbra Streisand is a celebrity. She won academic award and she is best-spelling artist on the Reading Industry Association of America’s (RIAA) Top Spelling Album Artist list. 2-She is suffering from social anxiety disorder.

62. Donny Osmond 1-He is also a celebrity. 2-He has disclosed a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder and he has been candid about his experiences, the treatment he has received, and how he has coped .

63. IMPACTS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SAD) ON SOCIETY

64. EFFECTS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SAD) ON DIFFERENT SOCIETIES social Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the U.S. Affecting 40 million adults in the United States of age group 18 years old.

65. IMPACT ON SOCIETY Rate of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in U.S. is 7.1 to 7.9% and in Taiwan is 0.4%. South American countries had prevalence rates similar to the U.S. Social anxiety disorder (SAD) rates in Korea, China and Japan are 0.6%, 0.2% and 0.8% respectively.

66. PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SAD) Tiredness and lack of energy Headaches and muscular tension Loss of appetite Palpitations Diarrhea Frequent urination

67. PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SAD) Feeling of fear Excessive worrying Panic attacks Loss of confidence Low self-esteem Poor memory and concentration Obsessive thoughts

68. SOCIAL EFFECTS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SAD) General lack of interest in normal activities. Adverse effect on relationships, work, and other social activities. Panicky in social situations or in crowds .

69. Avoiding people. Tongue tied during conversation. Lack of patience and irritability with others.

70. SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER IN MAN AN WOMAN Social phobia occurs in women twice as often as in men. Anxiety disorders develop from a complex set of risk factors Its not uncommon for someone with an anxiety disorder to also suffer from depression. Everyone has felt anxious or embarrassed at one time or another .

71. Conclusion Always Be confident and never lose it. Never attention what people said. You can never keep happy and satisfied all peoples of world. Encourage those who suffer in this problem. Don’t disheart these people.