Social change

It's also part of sociology.made for nursing students

1. SOCIAL CHANGE PRESENTED BY SR. ANKITA ROY TUTOR SON, AHF

2. INTRODUCTION The word ‘change’ denotes a difference in anything observed over some period of time. Change simply means alteration in the underlying structure of an object or situation over a period of time. Change simply means alteration in the underlying structure of an object or situation over a period of time. Changes involves modification of the object or situation from its previous position.

3. In other words, ‘ social change refers to any modification in established patterns of inter-human relationship and standard of conduct. Thus any changes involves three things: Point of departure (baseline) of the object or situation under study Time-span Difference observed (between, before and after situation) in respect of the point of departure.

4. DEFINITION According to Bogardus , “any change in social system is social change.” According to koening , “ social change refers to the modifications which occur in the life pattern of people.” According to M.D Jenson, “ social change may be defined as modification in ways of doing and thinking of people.” According to anderson and parker, “ social change involves alteration in the structure of functioning of social forms or processes themselves.”

5. Factors of social change There are various factors of social change.these factors are: Geographical factors: geographical factors mean changes occuring in the nature or environment like floods, earthquakes, leading to changes by way of migration of population to safer places. Damage caused to surrounding structures such as mountains may result in making the surface smooth or the whole locality may get buried under the earth.

6. CONT.. Biological factors : inter-caste marriage and inter-religion marriage may result in new type of human growth with different physical and mental outlook, e.g anglo-indian community community is the outcome of mating between english father and indian mother through extra-marital relations. Demographical factors: a change in population affects the social structure. Change in fertility rate, mortality rate and migration affect the society resulting in changes in society.

7. CONT.. Technological factors: it means practical use of scientific knowledge for production and economic activities, the introduction of machinery, inventions, discoveries bring the revolutionary changes in society. An unmodern society changes its modern society. Modernization is the outcome of technological factors.

8. CONT.. Economic factors: according to marx , “Man, in order to survive, has to struggle for living”. The mode of production determines the general character of social , political and economic aspects. Increasing national income and per capita income change the standard of living of people.

9. CONT.. Cultural factors: it is an accepted fact that there is an intimate relationship between our beliefs and institutions or values and social relationships. Any change in our religious beliefs has significant affect on our institution. Max Weber laid a great importance to culture especially religion, which affected the economic condition.

10. CONT.. Social factors( sanskritization ): M.N.Sriniwas first introduced the theory of sanskritization is basic process of social change in india . In this process an individual belonging to low caste of a tribe adopts the customs , rituals, ideologies and a way of life of higher caste to get high status in a society. This is a planned social change. When the lower caste gets the status of higher casts after some time, brings change in the society.

11. SOCIAL PROBLEMS

12. FEATURES OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS Social problems are deviations from the general norms (rules) of the society by a large number of members. This is called anomie; it means normless. Social problems are common in all societies, but they are vary from society to society. All social problems are interconnected. Social problems are harmful to society. They threaten the well-being of the society and disrupt the social equilibrium Social problems require collective effort for their solution. They arise due to social maladjustments. They are the pathological conditions of society.

13. ROLE OF NURSE AS SOCIAL AGENT IN SOCIAL CHANGE Individuals are the main keys to bring the change in society. They use their knowledge about the facts and try to follow the time. They bring desirable change in society. Thus a nurse also brings change or act as a social agent in bringing social change in society. How a nurse helps in bringing social change is discussed below: 1. A nurse is helpful in changing the mentality of an individual about the old customs and rituals by effective communication skills, critical evaluation technique and accurate observation skills. A patient or individual believes her as good since she cares him thoroughly.

14. CONT.. 2. A nurse has the qualities of emotional soundness, maturity in dealing with situations and accepting the challenges as required. These all qualities are helpful in bringing the change in society. 3. A nurse develops work habits to increase efficiency and effectivity which results in development and modernization. 4. A nurse studies the social problems related to behavior and suggests preventive remedial approach to tackle the problematic situations in community in efficient manner. This brings the change in community.

15. CONT.. 5. A nurse provide the educational opportunity to the members of community by health talks or seminars in the provision of psychological support in a worthy manner by understanding their ideas, emotions in a perspective manner. 6. A nurse helps in clinical practice and clinical teaching and incorporate new discoveries and inventions that will produce an extra dimension to improve the client care. 7. A nurse provides the conductive environment to understand the rights of individual and to meet the welfare of community.

16. CONT.. 8. A nurse formulates the significant rules, which bear effect upon the patients response resistance for treatment. Nurse act as an effective laison between the client and the health team members. 9. A nurse develops sensitivity that compassion and understanding in order to study the stress in social relationship.

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