SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMMES IN INDIA.pptx

The presentation tried to cover in brief the various Social Welfare Programmes existing India that in one way or the other also affects the health of the individual or a community.

1. SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMMES IN INDIA DR. HARIMU BARGAYARY POSTGRADUATE RESIDENT DEPT. OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE

2. CONTENTS :- 2 Introduction Child Welfare Women Welfare Old Age Welfare Schemes Welfare for the Disabled Persons Poverty Alleviation Programs

3. introduction 3

4. SOCIAL WELFARE Social welfare is a system of laws and institutions through which a government attempts to protect and promote its citizens’ economic and social welfare. It aims at providing services to the underprivileged section of the population by providing them various forms of social insurance against poverty, unemployment, disability, and old age. 4

5. Social welfare & Indian constitution Preamble & Directive Principles of State policy – India is making a determined attempt to fulfil its ideal of welfare state both in principle and through economic planning. The ministries of Government of India ( GoI ) have come up with various government programs called Schemes or Plans (Yojana) . These schemes could be formed by - the central government - the state government - specific or joint collaboration between the centre and the state 5

6. Priorities of social welfare services To establish a social security system; To extend facilities for community development ; To improve the quality and scope of services; To ensure the adequate facilities are available for the disabled ; To provide services for the elderly ; To ensure the adequate provision of probation and correctional services ; To support training , planning , research and evaluation . 6

7. Priority groups :- Children in need Women Old people Disabled People with ill-health Under-privileged section of the society 7

8. Child welfare 8

9. Child welfare programmes in india Two major centrally sponsored child welfare programmes are – 1 . Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme for the development of the child, and 2 . Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) for the care and protection of the child in conflict with law and in need of care and protection . 9

10. Integrated child development services [ icds ] 10 Launched in 1975 . F lagship program implemented by the Government of India to address the nutritional and developmental needs of children < 6years age, pregnant women, and lactating mothers . I mplemented through Anganwadi centers .

11. Objectives:- 11 To improve the nutritional and health status of children in the age group 0-6 years To lay the foundations for proper psychological, physical and social development of the child; To reduce mortality and morbidity malnutrition and school dropout; To achieve an effective coordination of policy and implementation among the various departments working for the promotion of child development; and To enhance the capability of the mother and nutritional needs of the child through proper nutrition and health education.

12. 12 Non-formal

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14. Schemes for adolescent girls Earlier known as Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls – “SABLA” Includes: - Kishori Shakti Yojana - Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls 14

15. 15 Introduced in:  2010 Implemented By:   MoWCD Implemented Through:  Existing  AWCs under ICDS. Coverage:  Pan-India Key Objective:  To facilitate, educate and empower Adolescent Girls (AGs) Target Group:  Out of school girls in the age group of 11-14 years. The scheme aims at motivating out of school girls to go back to formal schooling or vocational /skill training. Components- Nutrition:  Provision for providing specified amount of calories, protein and micronutrients to AGs, etc. Non-nutrition:  H ealth check-up, mainstreaming out of school girls into the school system, IFA supplementation, LSE, etc.

16. Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) L aunched during 2009-2010 as a Government – Civil Society Partnership Scheme. A im: - to build a protective environment for children in difficult circumstances, as well as other vulnerable children . 16

17. Objectives : Institutionalize essential services and strengthen structures; Build the capacities at all the levels; Create a database and knowledge base for child protection services; Strengthen child protection at family and community level; Ensure inter-sectoral response and coordinate with allied systems; and Raise public awareness and educate the public on child rights and protection. 17

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19. Child welfare schemes under the umbrella of icps The Child labour (prohibition and regulation) Act, 1986 Integrated Programme for Street Children, 1994 The Commissions for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005 Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 UJJAWALA scheme, 2007 POCSO Act, 2012 Beti Bachao , Beti Padhao , 2015 Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 INSPIRE Strategy, 2016 19

20. The child labour (prohibition and regulation) act Launched on 23 rd December, 1986. Objective: - to prohibit engagement of children in certain employments; - to regulate the conditions of work of children in certain other employment. 20 Except for Family-based work & Recognized School-based activities, Children are not permitted to work in occupations concerned with:- Passenger, goods mail transport by railway Carpet weaving Cinder picking, cleaning of ash-pits Cement manufacturing Building construction Cloth printing, dyeing, weaving Matches & Explosives manufacturing Beedi making Cashew descalding & processing Soldering process in electronic industries

21. The integrated programme for street children, 1960 Street children: “Boys and Girls for whom the street has become their home and/or source of their livelihood and who are inadequately protected or supervised by responsible adults”. The program was launched to prevent destitution of children and provide facilities for their withdrawal from life on the streets. The scheme provides NGOs with financial support to run 24-hour shelters and provide food, clothing, non-formal education, recreation, counselling, guidance and referral services. 21

22. E xamine and review the safeguards for the protection of child rights and recommend measures for their effective implementation; Inquire into violation of child rights and recommend initiation of proceedings in such cases; E xamine factors that inhibit the enjoyment of rights of children in need; S pread child rights literacy among various sections of the society and promote awareness of the safeguards available for protection of these rights; I nspect juvenile custodial home, or any other place of residence or institution meant for children where children are detained or lodged for the purpose of treatment, reformation or protection and take up with these authorities for remedial action. 22

23. Act Year Legal Age of Marriage (years) Boys Girls Sharda Act 1929 18 15 Child Marriage Restraint Act 1978 21 18 The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act 2006 Restraint -> Prohibit The Prohibition of Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill 2021 21 21 23

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25. Protection of children from sexual offences act - 2012 Indian legal framework to address and prevent sexual offenses against children <18years age. It provides for stringent penalties and expedited legal procedures for the speedy trial. The act defines various sexual offenses against children and mandates the establishment of special courts for the exclusive trial of POCSO cases. It places a strong emphasis on the protection of the child's privacy during legal proceedings and encourages the use of child-friendly methods for recording their statements. The POCSO Act aims to safeguard the rights and well-being of children, ensuring their safety from sexual exploitation. 25

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27. launched on 22 January 2015 Mantra: ‘Beta Beti, Ek Samaan’ 27 K ey elements of the scheme : Enforcement of PC & PNDT Act by nation-wide awareness and advocacy campaign and multi-sectoral action

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29. Child / juvenile ????? Acc. to Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 :- One who has not attained the age of 18 years, irrespective of gender. 2 categories of child subjected to adverse social conditions: 1) Child in need of care and protection 2) Child in conflict with law 29

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32. Juvenile justice (care & protection) amendment act, 2021 District Magistrates (DM), including Additional district magistrates can issue Adoption orders. Prohibits opening of New CCI without sanctioned by DM. DMs must now make sure that CCIs under their district follow all norms and procedures. DMs will do background check of CWC members. CWC members should report to DM regularly. 32

33. Social security schemes for girl child 33

34. Voluntary child welfare agencies in india 34

35. Women welfare 35

36. Programmes aimed at welfare of women Protection and Rehabilitation of Women in difficult circumstances Nutritional and Health Needs of Women Employment and Educational Needs of Women Better Networking and Co-ordination between Agencies working for Women 36

37. Protection and rehabilitation : 37 NIRBHAYA FUND

38. NUTRITION AND HEALTH : 38

39. Launched on March, 2018. Goals: - to achieve improvement in Nutritional status of children < 6years, adolescent girls, pregnant women and lactating mothers. 39

40. In 2021-22, the GoI   restructured the   ICDS   and POSHAN  Abhiyaan into  Saksham Anganwadi and POSHAN 2.0 Also includes: Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG), & National Creche Scheme 40

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42. 42 Incentives category Mother ASHA LPS Rural Rs. 1400/- Rs. 600/- Urban Rs. 1000/- Rs. 200/- HPS Rural Rs. 700/- Rs. 200/- Urban Rs. 600/- Rs. 200/- In LPS States All births, delivered in a health centre – Government or Accredited Private health institutions. In HPS States Upto 2 live births.

43. EMPLOYMENT AND EMPOWERMENT : 43

44. Old age welfare schemes 44

45. National programme for healthcare of elderly ( nphce ) Launched in the year 2010. Aim: - to provide separate, specialized and comprehensive healthcare to the senior citizens at various level of state healthcare delivery system including outreach services. 45

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47. Indira Gandhi national old age pension scheme (IGNOAPS) It is 1 of the 5 National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP). Eligibility: > 60years (BPL) Amount of Pension: - 60-79years : Rs. 300/- per month - > 80years : Rs 500/- per month 47

48. Rashtriya vayoshri yojana (RVY) Launched on 1 st April, 2017. Aim : to provide Physical Aids and Assisted-living Devices free of cost for Senior citizens belonging to BPL category. Eligibility : Senior citizen belonging to BPL category and suffering from any of the age related disability/infirmity Aids & Assistive devices : Walking sticks, elbow crutches, walkers, hearing-aids, wheelchairs, artificial dentures and spectacles. 48

49. Other schemes for senior citizens 49

50. Ayushman bharat programme 50

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52. Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007 The children and heirs are legally obliged to provide maintenance by monthly allowance. The Act provides an inexpensive and speedy procedure to claim monthly maintenance. The Act has provisions to protect the life and property of the elderly. The Act also provides for the state governments to establish at least one old age home in every district of the state, and also ensure adequate medical care for senior citizens. 52

53. Welfare for the disabled persons 53

54. Department of empowerment of persons with disabilities ( Divyangjan ), 2014 Initially known as Department of Disability Affairs , 2012. Vision:   To build an inclusive society in which equal opportunities are provided for the growth and development of Persons with Disabilities. Mission : To empower Persons with Disabilities, through its various Acts/ Institutions/Organizations and Schemes for rehabilitation and to create an enabling environment that provides such persons with equal opportunities, protection of their rights and enables them to participate as independent and productive members of society. 54

55. Legislations :- The Department administers the following three Acts :- The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 The National Trust for the Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999 Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992 55

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57. L aunched on  International Day of Persons with Disabilities  on 3 rd  December 2015. Components of AIC : Built Environment Accessibility Transportation System Accessibility Information and Communication Eco-System Accessibility 57

58. 58 Launched on 2 nd March, 2021

59. Other initiatives :- Unique Disability Identification (UDID) Portal DeenDayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme Assistance to Disabled Persons for Purchase/fitting of Aids and Appliances National Fellowship for Students with Disabilities 59

60. National Divyangjan Finance and Development Corporation (NDFDC) A pex institution for channelizing funds for promoting economic development activities and self-employment ventures for the benefit of PwDs T wo flagship schemes : - Divyangjan Swavalamban Yojana (DSY); and - Vishesh Microfinance Yojana (VMY) 60

61. Poverty alleviation programs in India 61

62. Initially known as – Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP), 1970. Self-employment program for rural population viz. small farmers & landless labourers. IRDP was replaced by SGSY in 1999. SGDY is a credit-cum-subsidy program. It provides credit, technology, infrastructure and training to the Self-Help Groups. 62

63. Sampoorna grameen rozgar yojana Launched in 2001. It merged various existing schemes: - Jawahar Gram Samriddhi Rozgar Yojana - Employment Assurance Scheme Objectives: - Generation of Employment for the rural poor. - Creation of Community Assets and Infrastructure. - Ensuring food and nutrition security for the rural poor. 63

64. PDS has evolved as a system of management of scarcity through distribution of food grains at affordable price. Antodaya Anna Yojana launched in December, 2000. Under the scheme: Every BPL family gets 35 Kg. food grains In Western Districts - (20 Kgs Rice and 15 Kgs Wheat), in Eastern Districts - (25 Kg Rice and 10 Kg Wheat) each month at a fixed price. The price of wheat is Rs. 3 per Kg. and rice at Rs. 2 per Kg. Commodities allocated are: Rice, Wheat, Sugar and Kerosene. (Also pulses, edible oil, iodised salt in some states) 64

65. Indira Gandhi national widow pension scheme ( ignwps ), 2007 Eligibility: 40-79 years of age (BPL). Amount of Pension: - Rs 300/- per month upto 80years - Rs 500/- per month 80years onwards 65

66. 66 Eligibility: 18-79 years of age (BPL). Amount of Pension: - Rs 300/- per month upto 80years - Rs 500/- per month 80years onwards

67. Eligibility: 18-59 years of age (BPL). Amount of Grant: - Lump sum of Rs 20,000/- will be given in the case of death of primary breadwinner 67 NATIONAL FAMILY BENEFIT SCHEME

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69. Urban poverty alleviation program Nehru Rozgar Yojana - 4 components: 1) Scheme of Urban Micro-enterprises (SUME) 2) Scheme of Urban Wage Employment (SUWE) 3) Scheme of Housing and Shelter Upgradation (SHASU) 4) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (URBAN) 69

70. Voluntary health agencies in india 70

71. REFERENCES :- Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine – 27 th edition by K. Park. IAPSM’s Textbook of COMMUNITY MEDICINE – 2 nd edition by AM Kadri. Textbook of COMMUNITY MEDICINE – 5 th edition by Rajvir Bhalwar . https://socialjustice.gov.in/ https://wcd.nic.in/ https://www.peoplesforum.in/ujjawala.php https://www.indiacode.nic.in/ https://disabilityaffairs.gov.in/content/ https://www.nhfdc.nic.in/about-ndfdc/our-organisation https://nfsa.gov.in/portal/PDS_page https://google.com/ for images 71

72. Thank you 72