SOCIOLOGY.pptx

sociology

1. Introduction Meaning, Definition and Scope of Sociology Its relation to Anthropology,Psychology , and Social Psychology

2. INTRODUCTION Sociology is a branch of social sciences concerned with the study of human social life, groups and societies. Relatively a new science, sociology is concerned with studies and analysis of how the society and the individual interact with each o ther deploying systematic study of investigation . MEANING The term Sociology was coined by “AUGUSTE COMTE”,a French philosopher in 1839 . The word Sociology is derived from Latin word “ societius ” meaning society and Greek word “Logos” meaning study or science. It is concerned as a social science. All human beings have to interact with other human beings in order to survive.

3. DEFINITION 1.AUGUSTE COMTE , the founding father of Sociology, defined sociology as the science of social phenomena ‘subject to natural and invariable laws, the study of which is the object of investigation.” 2. MAX WABER , “Sociology is a science which attempts the interpretative understanding of social actions in order to thereby to arrive at a causal explanation of its course and effects. 3.EMILE DURKHEIM ,” Sociology is the science of social institution”

4. Scope of Sociology There are two schools of thought among Sociologists 1.Specialistic or Formalistic School 2.Synthetic School Specialistic or Formalistic School 1. George Simmel’s view :- George Simmel is the father of this school .According to Simmel, the distinction between Sociology and other special sciences is that it deals with the same topics from different angle of different mode of social relationships. 2. Max Weber :- According to him , the aim of sociology is to interpret or understand social behaviour . But social behaviour does not cover the whole field of human relations. Indeed not all human interactions are social. 3 . Von Wiese :- According to him, the scope of Sociology is the study of forms of social relationships. He has divided these social relationships into many kinds

5. . criticism of Formalistic school 1.It has narrowed the scope of Sociology. 2.The concept of pure Sociology is impractical. 3. Abstract forms separated from concrete relations can’t be studied Synthetic School The synthetic school wants to make Sociology a synthesis of social sciences or general sciences. 1)Durkheim’s view :- According to him ,Sociology has three principal division a) Social Morphology b) Social Physiology c ) General Sociology 2)Hob House’s view :- Sociology is synthesis of numerous social studies but the immediate task of the sociologists is three fold Firstly, as a sociologists , he must pursue his studies in his particular part of the social field. But secondaly , bearing in mind the interconnections of social relations and try to interconnect the results arrived at by the different social sciences and thirdly , he should social

6. Sorokin’s view According to Sorokin, the subject matter of Sociology include the study of social relationships between the different aspects of social phenomena; between the social and non-social and the general features of social phenomena. Karl Mannheim’S View :- He divides Sociology into two main sections a) Systematic and General Sociology,b ) Historical Sociology Ginsberg’s view:- He listed the problems of Sociology Into four aspects (a) Social Morphology (b) social control (c) social processes (d) social pathology Thus , the scope of Sociology is very wide. It is a general science but it is also a special social science. As a matter of fact, the subject matter of all social sciences is society. What distinguishes them from one another is their viewpoint.

7. Relationship of Sociology to Anthropology, Psychology, &Social Psychology Sociology and Anthropology Anthropology is called as twin sister of Sociology. Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior . human biology, cultures, societies etc. Following points will show relationship between them Sociology Anthropology 1) It studies modern communities and social problems and suggest solutions. 1) It studies ancient communities and the problems existed. 2) It studies various aspects and problems of society and guides for change. 2) It studies as a whole. 3) It studies social relationships. 3)It studies anatomical characters and its influence upon the behavioural change. 4) It makes suggestions concerning to the future. 4)It is pure understanding of past relationship. 5) It makes use of documents, survey etc. 5) It makes use of functional method.

8. Relationship between Sociology and social psychology The intersection of psychology and sociology has given rise to social psychology who serves as bridge between two disciplines. It examines the role of social circumstances in shaping personality of individual. Social Psychology Sociology 1.It studies the behaviour of an individual in society. Group behaviour can be studied. 2. It studies the mental process of the individual. It studies social processes, social laws, or values related to attitudes 3. It is the study of individual attitude towards cultural and social values and the laws related to these attitudes. Sociology discusses concrete form of society, its structure and functions. 4.It analyses the framework of social relationships. It studies the interaction of the human beings with the environment.

9. Relationship between psychology and Sociology Psychology Sociology 1. Psychology is the systematic study of human mind . Sociology is the systematic study of human society. 2. Psychology deals with individual behaviour Sociology deals with social behavior 3.Psychology measures, observes,and analyses human behavior. Sociology measures , observes, analyses organisations , social institutions etc. 4.Psychology helps one to see the world through the lens of individuals having different behavior Sociology helps one to see the world through the prism of different communities and cultures 5.It studies man as a part of societal system and social institutions and social processes will be used in social interactions. It studies man as an individual and his interaction with heredity and environment.

10. Importance of Sociology in Nursing 1.It helps to know about different cultures and life styles of patients. 2.It helps to know about social problems and community health problems. 3.It helps in understanding society and pattern of their inter- relations . 4. Nurses know their role in preventing, curing and promoting the health. 5.Guides the people related to welfare programmes . 6.Sociology is of great importance in solving the social problems .

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