Soil Erosion FOR EARTH SCIENCE EEEYY.pptx

DJDTHRHRTDTHFHRFHT

1. Soil Erosion 7th grade

2. Objectives: I dentify the causes and effects of soil erosion define the meaning of soil erosion and identify its various types.

3. What is Soil Erosion? 01.

4. Soil erosion is the process of natural or human-induced removal of soil material from a given a rea. The geological process in which earthen materials are worn away and transported by natural forces such as wind or water

5. I t is a serious environmental issue that affects soil productivity, water quality, and biodiversity. Soil erosion is caused by different factors, including climate, topography, land use, and management practices.

6. Mass wasting is the movement of rock and soil down slope under the influence of gravity.

7. Can you name a location where you have seen evidence of soil erosion?

8. Different Types of Soil Erosion

9. Water Erosion Occurs when rainfall or runoff carries away soil particles, creating gullies, rills, or sheet erosion.

10. Four types of Water Erosion

11. Sheet Erosion In sheet erosion a thin layer of soil is removed from a large area

12. Rill Erosion A series of small channels on a slope carved by running water

13. Gully Erosion Large, wide channels carved by running water. As a rule of thumb, a gully is large enough that it cannot be smoothed out with conventional tillage equipment.

14. Splash Erosion Direct movement of soil by splashing. Soil particles can be thrown as far as 3 feet by raindrop splash. The impact of a water droplet can dislodge soil particles making them susceptible to erosion

15. Wind Erosion Wind erosion occurs in dry or arid areas with little vegetation cover. Happens when wind moves soil particles from one place to another, causing dunes, sandstorms, or dust bowls.

16. Glacier Erosion Takes place when glaciers carve and transport soil and rock materials, reshaping landscapes and creating moraines.

17. Which type of soil erosion do you think is the most common in your area?

18. Causes of soil erosion

19. Natural causes of soil erosion

20. Heavy Rain

21. Flood

22. Wind

23. Earthquakes

24. Volcanic Eruption

25. Human causes of soil erosion

26. Deforestation

27. Agriculture

28. Construction

29. Mining

30. Other land use activities that alter the natural landscape and increase soil exposure and vulnerability to erosion.

31. How do human activities contribute to soil erosion?

32. Effects of soil erosion

33. Loss of topsoil: 04. Soil erosion can remove the nutrient-rich layer of topsoil that supports plant growth and soil health.

34. Decreased soil fertility : 04. Soil erosion can reduce soil quality, organic matter content, and water holding capacity, making it harder for plants to grow and thrive.

35. Water pollution : 04. Soil particles, sediments, and chemicals can enter water bodies, causing sedimentation, eutrophication, or contamination of water resources.

36. Desertification : 04. Soil erosion can turn productive land into barren or desert-like areas, exacerbating climate change and ecological degradation.

37. How does soil erosion impact food security and the economy?

38. Can you name a region that has experienced desertification due to soil erosion?

39. Solutions to soil erosion

40. Conservation practices : 04. Cover crops, no-till farming, crop rotation, agroforestry, and other techniques that maintain or improve soil health and reduce soil disturbance

41. Cover crops 04. In agriculture, cover crops are plants that are planted to cover the soil rather than for the purpose of being harvested.

42. N o-till farming 04. an agricultural technique for growing crops or pasture without disturbing the soil through tillage.

43. 04. Tillage is the manipulation of the soil into a desired condition by mechanical means; tools are employed to achieve some desired effect (such as pulverization, cutting, or movement). https://youtu.be/n_qvRF5ffHk?si=fcXMJUWE1DmR2crG

44. Crop Rotation 04. practice of growing a series of different types of crops in the same area across a sequence of growing seasons. It reduces reliance on one set of nutrients, pest and weed pressure

45. A groforestry 04. the intentional integration of trees and shrubs into crop and animal farming systems to create environmental, economic, and social benefits.

46. Land management strategies : 04. Terracing, contour farming, buffer strips, green infrastructure, and other measures that prevent soil erosion by controlling runoff, promoting vegetation, or stabilizing soil.

47. Terracing : 04. an agricultural practice that suggests rearranging farmlands or turning hills into farmlands by constructing specific ridged platforms

48. 04. Banaue Rice Terreces in Ifugao Philippines; one of the 8th wonders of the world

49. C ontour farming : 04. the practice of tilling sloped land along lines of consistent elevation in order to conserve rainwater and to reduce soil losses from surface erosion.

50. B uffer Strips : 04. strips of vegetation within a field or alongside a river that provide a physical barrier which helps slow the flow of water and runoff from fields to the river. https://youtu.be/Qw9p_fCbf1o?si=d8OZtp_CDe8EjFRi

51. G reen Infrastructure : 04. A strategically planned network of natural and semi-natural areas with other environmental features, designed and managed to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services, while also enhancing biodiversity

52. 04. Vertis North in Quezon City

53. Policy and Education 04. Government policies, financial incentives, and education programs that promote sustainable land use practices and encourage behavior change.

54. Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources 04.

55. The Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) 04.

56. Which conservation practice do you think is most effective in reducing soil erosion?

57. Why is it important to act now to address soil erosion? What action will you take to prevent soil erosion in your community?