Soil Investigation Report for small scale project

Soil Report

1. Title Layout Subtitle

2. MAIN AGENDA: SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT

3. SITE LOCATION: AREA: Wanhar . CITY: Tehsil Kalar Kahar District Chakwal . Village : In between Nurpur and Munara (site).

4. TESTS PERFORMED ON SOIL SAMPLE AS PER ASTM(ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOIL) Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength for cohesive soil. Standard test method for un consolidated un drained triaxial compression test on cohesive soil. Standard test method for direct shear test of soil under un consolidated and un drained conditions .

5. TESTS PERFORMED ON SOIL SAMPLE AS PER ASTM(INDEX PROPERTIES OF SOIL) Standard test method for laboratory determination of moisture content of soil sample. Standard test method for specific gravity of soil solids by water pycnometer . Standard test method for particle size distribution(gradation) of soil using sieve analysis. Standard test method for liquid limit,plastic limit & plasticity index of soil. Standard test method for laboratory compaction characteristic of soil using standard effort.

6. Practical 1:Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength for cohesive soil. Designation: ASTM D2166/2166M-16 Significance: Compressive strength of cohesive soil. Undrained shear strength of soil under load Procedure: Extraxt sample from cube by Shelby tube. Sample extruder & put it into uni -axial apparatus and performed compressive test.

7. Apparatus : Unconfined compression test apparatus Shelby Tube Sample Extruder Results: Compressive Strength of soil is 0.46458 kg/ at 1.842% strain  

8. Practical 2:Standard test method for un consolidated un drained triaxial compression test Designation: AASHTO D-2850-15 Significance: shear strength parameters stress strain under different conditions of soil Procedure: Extract sample from cube with Shelby tube sample extruder & put a impermeable membrane. Put it into tri-axial apparatus and performed test on different cell pressure

9. Apparatus : Triaxial compression machine Triaxial cell Electronic balance Container Impermeable Membrane Results: C= 0.4 (kg/ ) Φ =23 degree  

10. Practical 3:Standard test method for direct shear test of soil under un consolidated and un drained conditions. Designation: ASTM D3080/D3080M-11 Significance: Shear strength of soil under different normal loads. Procedure: After extracting sample from cube, Put the sample in direct shear apparatus on different normal loads

11. Apparatus Shear box assembly Load frame Scale Weight balance Results: C= 0.12 (kg/ ) & φ = 37 degree  

12. Practical 4:Standard test method for laboratory determination of moisture content of soil sample. Designation ASTM D2216-10 Scope & Use : Natural Moisture Content Bearing Capacity Settlement of Soil Procedure : Took saturated soil sample & weight it. Put it into the oven after drying of 24 hours Then I took dry weight.

13. Apparatus : Electric Oven Electronic Balance Containers Results : M.C=w2-w3/w3-w1*100 The M.C of my sample is 13.4 %. HERE w1=mass of empty cylinder=26.94g w2=mass of container+moist soil=51.05g w3=mass of container+oven dried soil=48.2g

14. Practical 5:Standard test method for specific gravity of soil solids by water pycnometer . Designation: ASTM D854-14 Significance: porosity and void ratio. Procedure: Weight empty Pycnometer fill it with water and weigh it than fill it with soil sample and water & then again weight it.

15. Apparatus : Pycnometer Balance Oven. Results : A=WEIGHT OF DRY SOIL=100g B=WEIGHT OF PYCNOMETER+WATER=428.5g C=WEIGHT OF PYCNOMETER+WATER+SOIL=489.8g S.G= The specific gravity of my sample is 2.58  

16. Practical 6:Standard test method for particle size distribution(gradation) of soil using sieve analysis. Designation: ASTM D6913/D6913 M-17 Significance: Percentage of different grain sizes in soil. Distribution of the particles Procedure: Take sample of 200g and soak it in the water Pass the sample from #200 sieve The retain of #200 sieve is then passed through the set of sieves

17. Apparatus : A set of various sizes of sieves balance Sieve size(mm) Mass retained Mass passed %passing 10 58 100 4.75 0.8 57.2 98.6 2 7.6 49.6 85.52 1 7.2 42.4 73.10 0.425 10.1 32.3 55.69 0.25 12.1 20.2 34.83 0.16 9 11.2 19.31 0.75 7 4.2 7.24 Pan 4.2

18. Practical 7:Standard test method for liquid limit of soil. Designation: ASTM D4318-10 Significance: clarify soil in USCS system water content at which soil changes from plastic limit to liquid moisture content Procedure: I took sample of 250g & 50g of water, made paste on dish, then put it into Casagrande Apparatus and start to blow it, then took sample for M.C when two layers attach.

19. Apparatus : Porcelain dish Spatula or Knife Grooving Tool Casagrande Balance Drying oven & Containers Results: From graph b/w no. of blows and M.C: The liquid limit is 20%

20. Standard test method for plastic limit & plasticity index of soil. Designation: ASTM D4318-10 Significance: Based on moisture content at which soil can no longer be remolded without cracking. Plasticity index is the finess of the soil and its capacity to change shape without altering its volume Procedure: Made threads having mass 6g approx. of diameter 3mm from the paste. Put it in oven for M.C.

21. Apparatus : Same as Liquid Limit Test Results: P.L is 15.2% Plasticity Index of sample is 4.8 %  

22. Practical 8:Standard test method for laboratory compaction characteristic of soil using standard effort. Designation: ASTM D698-12 Significance: To reduce future settlement of soil. To increase shear strength of soil. To decrease permeability of soil . Procedure: Take dry mass of 3kg then perform the proctor test on it by adding 3% water on every trial until the mass decreases.

23. Apparatus : Mold with detachable collar and detachable base plate. Rammer with mass 2.5 kg or 5.5 lbs. Weighing balance. Drying oven. Straightedge for trimming soil. Sieve No.4 (4.75 mm). Containers for moisture content déterminations Results: Maximum dry density = 18.5 Optimum moisture content = 14.6