Solar_Photo _Voltaic_System_designs.pptx

solar energy

1. TRAINING ON SOLAR PV SYSTEM DESIGN AND INSTALLATION .

2. Solar system components Solar module with solar mounting frame Charge Controller with dc output Solar Battery solar lamp Switch Junction Box with wiring cable Solar UV cable + Battery Cable Nut bolts, clips

3. MULTIMETER/ CLAMP METER

4. Advantage of solar PV over other sources Of energy Hydropower plants- with natural calamity like Earthquake and Land slide, the plant may stop working, transmission line failure-generation and distribution area for kms , resulting blackout in the area Solar PV can generate power- wherever and whenever necessary- decentralized power production Can be integrated with other sources of power like Wind, Biomass, Gasifier etc. Easy to install and operate- superfast construction and operation Can generate Electricity until mankind exists-SUN

5. DESIGN BASICS Solar module Charge Controller Battery Inverter Wire sizing

6. SOLAR MODULE SIZING SPV ( Wp ) = Total Energy ( Wh ) (5 x Wp x 0.7) WHERE, Wh = watt hr ( power x time) 5= Total Peak sun Hrs Wp = watt size of modules to be used 0.7= Losses in modules such as temperature factor, soiling factor etc.

7. CHARGE CONTROLLER DESIGN CC (Amp/Volt) Ampere= Modules Short Circuit current x nos. of parallel path x safety factor WHERE, Modules short ckt current= Isc ( modules) Nos. of parallel path= nos. of modules connected in parallel Safety Factor= 1.25 for PWM and 1.33 for MPPT Voltage= system voltage

8. BATTERY BANK DESIGN Ah= Wh x DOA Vs x DOD x losses WHERE, Wh = Total energy requirement (watt x time) DOA= Days of Autonomy ( 1.5 for Hybrid, 2 for standalone) Vs= System Voltage(48V) DOD= Depth of Discharge (0.8) Losses= 0.8

9. INVERTER SIZING Inverter ( Watt/ kVA) = Total power (W) X safety factor WHERE, Total Power= sum of individual loads measured in WATTS Safety Factor= 1.25 #NOTE: The DC voltage system for the inverter must be in adherence to CC, Battery and Array Voltage

10. DC WIRE SIZING Wire size( sqmm )= 3.6 x L x A dV x Vs WHERE, L= ONE WAY LENGTH IN METER A= CURRENT IN AMPERE dV = VOLTAGE DROP ( 3%) Vs= SYSTEM VOLTAGE

11. SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

12. SOLAR MODULES INSTALLATION The solar modules must face south direction (Orientation- NS) The solar modules must be placed at an angle of 30 The ground clearance from the modules must be at least 1ft Spacing between adjacent modules must be at least 5mm and 10cm between the rows/column All the modules must be mounted with the help of nut, bolts and spring washer UV cable of suitable cross-section must be used for outdoor purpose Outdoor combiner box ( IP65) must be used Suitable size of string breaker must be used in between modules and CC The anchored area must be sealed with epoxy or silicon sealant or m-seal

13. BATTERY BANK INSTALLATION All the batteries to be connected to inverter must be of same Ah The cable length must be equal for parallel strings as well as for connecting to Inverter Interconnecting links must also be of same length All connections must be tight, always avoid loose connection Always use breaker in between battery and inverter Battery should be kept on trolley or on floor with rubber mat/ply wood It should be easily approachable for service requirements. While connecting positive and negative wire of inverter with battery make sure spanner not touch both terminals.

14. OTHER THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR SOLAR INSTALLATION Always use branded dc/ac breakers. Eg :- Hager, Schneider, ABB Never leave behind wires open, always use conduits, PVC pipe, Duct/ listic Always connect ground before starting the system Use lightning arrestor and SPD for installation in areas with potential threat Always check the terminals for CC, Battery, Inverter and output for voltage drop, current etc before leaving the site Always use washer while connecting the panels to the mounting structure Always perform the site clearance before leaving the site Always perform site survey before installation and prepare a BOM before leaving for installation

15. C10 AND C20 RATING BATTERIES C10- Charge and discharge@10Hr C20- Charge and discharge@20Hr Example:- 100Ah @C10 and C20 Charging/discharging @C10- 10A for 10 hrs @C20- 5A for 20 hrs Capacity:- 100Ah@C10:- 10A x 12V = 120W 100Ah@C20:- 5A x 12V = 60W

16. Alternative Energy Promotion Centre-40 kWp

17. Banaspati Bhibhag-20.58kWp

18. Durbarg marg Street Light Power Back Up-4.5kWp

19. ICIMOD 92kWp grid tied solar PV system

20. SOLAR WATER PUMP INTRO..