Sources of water

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1. SOURCES OF WATER PRESENTESION MADE BY: YASH PATEL

2. Introduction Water is a vital natural resource which forms the basis of all life. It is one of the marvelous gift to us. About 70% of the human body is water . The bodies of all plants and animals contain water . It has be estimated that the total water contained on earth is about 1385.5×10^6 .

3. About water 97% of the water on the Earth is salt water. However, only 3% percent is fresh water; slightly over 2/3 of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps. The remaining unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater, with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air . On the surface of earth 71% is covered by seas and oceans and remaining 29% is occupied by land. Fresh water is a renewable resource.

4. Distribution of water on earth

5. Sources Of Water Lakes Ponds Streams Rivers Storage reservoir Open wells Tube wells Artesian wells Springs Infiltration

6. Surface water Surface water is   water  on the surface of the planet such as in a river, lake, wetland, or ocean. It can be contrasted with  groundwater and atmospheric water . Non-saline surface water is replenished by precipitation and by recruitment from ground-water. It is lost through evaporation, seepage into the ground where it becomes ground-water, used by plants for transpiration, extracted by mankind for agriculture, living, industry etc. or discharged to the sea where it becomes  saline.

7. Lake Ponds Streams Rivers

8. Ground water Ground water is the water present beneath Earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of  rock formations .

9. Open wells Tube wells Artesian well Infiltration galleries

10. Uses of water The use of water may be broadly divided into three categories: Uses of water Consumptive use Irrigation use Partial consumptive use Domestic use Industrial use Institutional use Public use Fire demad Non-consumptive use Navigational use Recreational use Hydro electric power generation Pollution control

11. Overuse of water Rapid population growth and increasing water consumption for agriculture,industry and domestic have strained the world’s fresh water resources. Water disputes between the Indian states are increasing as they have to meet the increase in water demand due to overuse of water. Due to expanding human population, competition for water is growing such that many of the world’s aquifers are becoming depleted. this is due to overuse of water.

12. Conservation of water Excessive and unplanned use of water has depleted our water resources. Water conservation includes all the policies, strategies and activities made to manage fresh water as a sustainable resource, to protect the water environment, and to meet current and future human demand . Hence, there is immediate need for the conservation of water.

13. Domestic conservation Verify your home is leak free. Close faucets while soaping and rinsing clothes. Use waste water in flush. Keep overflow valve in the overhead tank. Don’t over water your loans. Avoid flushing unnecessarily. Use sprinkle irrigation in your garden.

14. Industrial conservation Install waste water treatment plant in the factory. Reuse cooling water for gardening or irrigation. Develop new plant processes which require less water. Reuse water when it is discharged from various processes. Check the efficiency of your water equipment on regular basis.

15. Agricultural conservation Improved methods of irrigation like drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation must be used. Conventional flooding methods of irrigation should be discouraged. Avoiding excess irrigation. Reducing losses from canals. By constructing structures like: check dames,khet talawadi,pala,gully plugging.

16. Rain water harvesting