Species of Sugarcane

Course related presentation presented at Institute of Agriculture & Animal Science (IAAS), Lamjung, Nepal

1. Species of Sugarcane Prepared by Amit Chaudhary IAAS, Lamjung , Nepal

2. 1. Saccharum officinarium Perennial plant Grows in clumps green ,pinkish , or purple stem Can reach up to 5m height Green leaves 30-60cm length; 5 cm wide Pink terminal inflorescence Dry fruits with single seed

3. 2. Saccharum sinense L . Ulba cane / Japanese cane perennial tall , hardy and vigorous cane Slender, greenish bronze stem high fiber content and poor juice quality Rachis inflorescence Hardier & more drought tolerant than noble canes Ulba variety has 17% fiber hybrid of S. officinarium & spontaneum almost completely sterile

4. 3. Saccharum barberi strong growing species strong growing species with robust rhizome Stem 2-2.5 cm thick Large panicle with long silky hair Spikelet in pair One spikelet have long stalk, another short have a moderate amount of sugar high fibre content used for sugar , bagasse fuel , rum , alcohol & soil mud cake

5. 4. Saccharum robustum wild species indigenous in New guinea and Melanesia Highly vigor & hardy forms dense cane Culm,5-10m in height (2-3 cm in diameter) Used for fencing glaborous or puberulous leaf blade 1-2m long Raceme inflorescence

6. 5. Saccharum spontaneum wild form of cane Found in East Asia to north Africa disease resistant used for breeding commercial hybrids e.g. S . barberi and S. sinense 1-2m tall, 1.5 cm thick, hollow culm Green, grey or white in color long silky white panicles (50-60 cm ) grown upto 1800 masl Chromosome no= 40-128 Serious weed of cotton, sugarcane, coffee common along river side , road side etc.

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