SPEECH, PARAGRAPH easy English prepararme.pptx

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1. W ritten and Oral E xpression Speech, E ssay and Paragraph . m.sc. Heber f. aldazosa ruiz Master in teaching English as a foreign language tefl

2. What is a speech? - Short or long oral presentation, which purpose is to talk about specific topic or problem and deliver a solution or analyzes it deeply. - It might be formal or informal, but whichever type both have to use grammar properly. - it follows an specific structure (INTRODUCTION, BODY AND CONCLUSION) - Ideas must be organized and sequence to be understood. - A speech can be memorized and can be read too, however you have to consider and follow the pauses and punctuation marks. - A speech can cover different topics, however your posture is always important.

3. Let’s structure a speech Introduction. What are they talking about? What is the main idea or problem? Body What do you think about the problem? Have you ever experienced that problem before? What do people normally do when they face up to this problem? Is that problem common? Are people and society use to these issues? Conclusion What would you do if you were in that situation? What would you suggest?

4. Now have your speech ready… The listening shows two students talking about a problem, the girls’ essay has been plagiarized by her professor and she is very upset and disappointed. So that, she wants to get some suggestions to overcome this issue. I n my opinion plagiarism is the most common problem students or professors have to deal with at school or university, people think that it is not harmful to plagiarize a written project, idea or machine. But, it might bring terrible consequences to the person who does it, p lagiarism is considered an illegal and dishonest action. Therefore, you can be given a penalty for doing it, actually you can also go to prison. Finally, I am definitely against plagiarism because, no matter how easy this resource might be; we have to take into account that honesty is the foundation of people’s values and behavior. So that taking the easiest path is not always the best idea; think twice before using this disastrous device to be granted success.

5. Time to work now In group write a 1 min speech related to the following conversation (audio). Remember to follow all the steps explained before. Be careful with the use of grammar and linkers to join and sequence the ideas properly. Express your opinion to the problem and provide a solution to face it.

6. Paragraph and its Structure - Written assignment which purpose is to develop, explain and contrast ideas. - Ideas contained are cohesive and coherent. - Grammar and transition words are important to develop specific details that lead to understand what you really want to show. - A paragraph has (INTRODUCTION, BODY AND CONCLUSION) - Its length will depend on the complexity of the topic.

7. Read the following paragraph. Insulin is an important hormone produced by the pancreas. This hormone is used to treat diabetes, a condition that means having too much sugar in the blood. Diabetes is a potential threat to almost every organ system in the human body: the blood vessels, the eyes, the kidneys, and the nerves. It tends to lead a variety of illnesses, including heart attacks and strokes, kidney failure, blindness, nerve damage, or impotence . Although, insulin was discovered in the 1920s, scientists are only just beginning to understand how it works. INTRODUCTION BODY CONCLUSION

8. Paragraph vs Essay PARAGRAPH ESSAY Introductory , attention-getting sentence that expresses the topic. Introductory paragraph: General statement Thesis statement. Supporting Ideas Body paragraphs: Topic sentence / supporting sentence/ Concluding sentence/ Transition to following paragraph Topic sentence / supporting sentence/ Concluding sentence /Transition to following paragraph . Topic sentence / supporting sentence/ Concluding sentence /Transition to following paragraph . Concluding Sentence Concluding paragraph : Restatement sentences Closing sentence

9. Organizing ideas in the Paragraph Do an outline first; An outline can help you organize the ideas from the most to the least important. 1. Hook (big overview, catch people’s attention.) 2. Supporting idea or example (context) 3. Body (possible ideas to be developed) 4. Conclusion (Solution or results related to the topic discussed)

10. Read the following paragraph Inconsistent production of the hormone insulin can negatively affect a person’s sense of well-being. For several weeks, Fran had been plagued by a feeling and fatigue. At first she thought it was just a reflection of her hectic schedule. After all , most of her friends also seemed to complain of feeling tired. Then, as her skin seemed increasingly itchy and her eyes became sore by the time she finished work in the evening, she told herself that it was the result of spending too much time indoors. When she mentioned her symptoms during a routine check up at the doctor’s office, her doctor immediately prescribed a series of tests for her. A few days later , she was called back to the doctor’s office to learn that her symptoms were due to a condition called diabetes. This condition can develop when the pancreas produces too little of the hormone insulin from animals, Fran’s doctor felt that a diet low sugar, supplemented by medication, would likely stabilize her body’s production of insulin to help her regain her sense of well-being.

11. Essay’s structure Niagara Falls attracts a wide of visitors all year round . Each winter, tourists enjoy looking at the iced-up falls and the colorful Festival of Light . In the spring, they come to admire the cascades of water from melted ice that tumble over the falls and the blossoms in the nearby peach and cherry orchards . During the summer months, tourists delight in watching the falls, maybe from one of the tour boats, and the falling water which produces sprays of mist that drench unsuspecting tourists and create rainbows above them . In the fall, visitors like to combine their visit to the falls with a tour of the foliage. The change of the seasons may alter way the falls look, but the viewers are always stunning. HOOK /THESIS STATEMENT 1 ST IDEA 2 ND IDEA 3 RD IDEA 4 TH IDEA CONCLUSION

12. Structure

13. Essay Read the essay and identify its parts and how are they organized.