Sports Injuries(Classification).pptx

“Sports injury” refers to the kinds of injuries that most commonly occur during sports or exercise, but they are not limited to athletes.
Sports injuries can occur throughout the body and can affect bones, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The most common sports injuries include:
Patellofemoral syndrome, Knee injuries, Shoulder injuries, Tennis or golf elbow, Hamstring strain, Sciatica, Shin splints, Groin pull, Ankle sprain, Bruises.
Other sports injuries include: Concussion, Sprains, Strains, Bone fractures, Tendinopathies.
Sports injuries are common and can occur during sports or exercise, but they are not limited to athletes. For example, factory workers can get tennis elbow, painters can get shoulder injuries, and gardeners can develop tendinitis.
Treatment for minor sports injuries includes: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.

1. Sports Injuries(Classification) Mayurdeerp Bora BPT SVNIRTAR

2. Sports injuries can be defined as the physical alignment that hinder a person’s sports performance and prevent him/her from performing . Sports Injury Definition

3. Sports injuries Reportable Minor Mode r a t ely Serious Non reportable Minor & Major Soft tissue and Hard tissue Marotrauma & Microtrauma Acute and Chronic Classification of sports injuries R e p or t able Non reportable

4. Classified according to the types of body tissue damage – ACUTE CHRONIC/OVERUSED Types of Sports Injuries

5. Site Acute Injuries Overuse Injuries Bone Fracture Periosteal contusion Stress fracture Bone strain Stress reaction Osteitis Periostitis Apophysitis Articular cartilage Osteochondral/chondral fracture Minor osteochondral injury/lesion Chondropathy (e.g. chondromalacia) Joint Dislocation Subluxation Synovitis Osteoarthritis Ligament Sprain/tear (grades I - III) Inflammation Muscle Strain/tear (grades I - III) Contusion Cramp Compartment syndrome (acute) Compartment syndrome (chronic) Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) Focal tissue thickening/fibrosis Tendon Tear (complete or partial) Tendinopathy Bursa Traumatic bursitis Bursitis Nerve Neuropraxia Nerve entrapment Minor nerve injury/irritation Adverse neural tension Skin Laceration Abrasion Puncture wound Blister Callus Classification of sports injuries

6. Injury occurs suddenly to previously normal tissue. Acute injuries occur due to sudden trauma to the tissue, with the symptoms of acute injuries presenting themselves almost immediately. The principle in this instance is that the force exerted at the time of injury on the tissue (i.e. muscle, tendon, ligament, and bone) exceeds the strength of that tissue. Forces commonly involved in acute injury are either direct or indirect. Acute injuries can be classified according to the site of the injury (e.g. bone, cartilage, ligament, muscle, bursa, tendon, joint, nerve or skin) and the type of injury (e.g. fracture, dislocation, sprain or strain). Acute Injuries

7. A direct injury is caused by an external blow or force (extrinsic causes) A collision with another person e.g , during a tackle in rugby or football Being struck by an object e.g. a basketball or hockey stick Direct/Contact Injury

8. An indirect injury can occur in two ways (intrinsic causes): The actual injury can occur some distance from the impact site e.g. falling on an outstretched hand can result in a dislocated shoulder The injury does not result from physical contact with an object or person, but from internal forces built up by the actions of the performer, such as injuries that may be caused by over-stretching, poor technique, fatigue, and lack of fitness. (e.g. muscle strain or ligament sprain) Indirect/Non-Contact Injury

9. Ankle Sprain Quadriceps Strain Clavicular Fracture Shoulder Dislocation Common Acute Injuries include:

10. Sprain Strain Br u isi n g Pulls Blisters Cuts Fractures G r e e n s t i ck Disl o c a t i o n Luxation Sub-Luxation Transverse O b li q ue Comminuted Impac t ed compound sp i r al COMMON SPORTS INJURIES Soft tissue injury Bone injury Joint injuries Si m ple

11. Simple Fracture : Bone breaks into two pieces . Stress : It is a peculiar form of fracture. In this type of fracture, hairline break occurs which is usually invisible (even on X-ray) during first few weeks from the time of pain. Comminuted Fracture : The bone is crushed into number of pieces Impacted Fracture : In this type of fracture embedding of one bone fragment into another bone fragment is apparent . Compound fracture : It is also known by common name open fracture . In this type the bone protrudes through skin. Complete Fracture: Bone snaps totally in two or more pieces Incomplete Fracture: Though the bone develops crack it is not separated.

12. Dislocation - The joint which loses its original place or slips out from its natural place is termed in medical terminology as ‘dislocated joint’. Shoulder,finger,patella more prone for disloction Joint injury

13. It is part of capsule ,acute lig .. Injury or tear called sprain.

14. GRADE 1 – Microscopic injury on stretching of leg at macroscopic level. - Normal ROM on streching the lig , - mild swelling GRADE 2-There is considerable propertion of fibres of lig . Are involved and therefore stretching of the joint and stressing the lig . -show increase laxicity - swelling -,pain functional deformity -,reduce ROM, GRADE 3-There is complite tear or repture of lig . - Painfree tear, - extensive swelling, -tenderness, -loss of muscle instability Mx -PRICE techniques - crape bandage 3 Types of tear are there-

15. Cause- macrotrauma,muscle tear . muscle lengthening+force = tear non-contact force =muscle tear contact force = contusion 3 categories of sprain,d /o severity grade1-mild,involves only smaller no.of fibres in muscle , -no reduction in sprain -,active nd passive ROM is full. Grade2-moderate strain and involves asignificant no.of muscle fibres Swelling nd pain during muscle contraction , movment is limited by pain Grade3-complete tear and rupture of the muscle -severe swelling nd pain -complete loss of function -mostly occur at the musculo-tendinous function Muscle-acute injury of is called strain

16. 1.inadequate worming up nd doing heavy exercises 2.insufficient ROM 3.excessive muscle tightness 4.fatigue nd overuse 5.inadequate recovery 6.muscle imbalance 7.previous injury 8.faulty tech +biomechanics 9.spinal dysfunction COMMON MUSCLES AFFECTED BY STRAIN- - Hamstring,Quuadricep,Calf groin,Rotator cuff, long head of biceps,achilis . Factors for muscle strain-

17. Acute injury due to direct blow or trauma from an opposition player or contact with an equipment in collision sports such as football and hockey. There occur local muscle damage which give rise to bleeding. Muscle contusion -

18. SPORTS INJURY CAN BE PREVENTED

19. ALHAMDUILLAH THANK YOU