Sree ooo

oral problems for bsc nrsing

1. sree

2. Common problems of the oral cavity

3. Local infections Oral cavity is the an ideal place for bacterial growth by providing warmth, moisture , food supply from residual foods on and between the teeth ad protected environment. The number of bacteria in the moth depends upon the degree of cleanliness of the mouth. The neglected mouth can case various type of infection in the oral cavity

4. Halitosis Dental caries Dental plague Calculus or tartar Bottle mouth syndrome Peridontal diseases or pyorrhoea Sordes Cheilosis Bleeding gums Glossitis Root abscess Cancrum oris Stomatitis

5. Halitosis It is the offensive odour of breath. It may be the early indication of the poor oral hygiene or health problems, such as gastro intestinal tract disorder. An offensive breath odor caused by inadequate oral hygiene can be alleviated with cleaning of the teeth and oral mucosa. If the halitosis is systemic oral hygiene will not remove the odour

6. Dental caries It is the destructive process casing decalcification of the enamel and dentin with resulting cavitations of the tooth. When the enamel barriers are breached, cavities are developed. Dental caries is a diseases of the calcified structure of the tooth

7. Dental plaque It is the soft thin film of food debris, mucin and dead epithelial cells that is deposited on the teeth and provides a medium for the growth of bacteria

8. Calculus or tartar When the dental plaque is remain on the teeth it become hardened and forms calculus or tartar. Tarter is a yellowish film of calcium phosphate , carbonate , food particles and other organic matter deposited on the teeth by saliva

9. Bottle mouth syndrome Infant dental caries can be caused by allowing the infants to go to bed with a bottle filled with a liquid other than water

10. Periodontal diseases or pyorrhea It is pus formation in the socket of the teeth .This is the common cause for loss of the teeth of the people over 40 years of age . It develops in four stages . First stages Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums usually manifested by the primary symptom of the bleeding of the gums. it is the early stage of peridontal disease

11. second stage ( peritonitis ) Chronic gingivitis cause the inflammation spread and destroy the underlying bone causing peritonitis Third stage Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis develop which causes mobility of the teeth , purulent discharges and tissue atrophy .the clients may experience severe pain

12. Fourth stage In this stage there is destruction of the teeth supporting structure.

13. Sordes Brown crust which are formed on the teeth and lips are called sordes.it is collection of food ,mucus and bacteria

14. Lack of oral hygiene Insuffient intake of fluid drying of mucus membrane due to mouth breathing The unconscious client , clients suffering acute and prolonged fevers and bedridden clients whose oral hygiene is neglected may have this complication

15. Cheilosis It is the cracking or ulceration of the lips and angles of the mouth ,it can occur in riboflavin deficiency.

16. It can occurs : Lack of stimulation of the flow of saliva also can lead to drying of the mouth and cracking lips as occurs in unconscious clients.

17. Glossitis It is the inflammation of the tongue

18. Stoamatitis It is the inflammation of the mucus membrane of the mouth this can occurs due to Those who receiving drugs such as anticholenergic that cause decreased salivation resulting in dry mouth Those who have poor oral hygiene Those who have an immune deficiency Those who are undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer