Type of Tatva According to Sankhya Darsana three type of Tatva 1.Avyakta (Evolver , or the universal spirit, unmanifest ) 2. Vyakta (Evolved, manifested) 3.Gya ( Which one can know)
Avyakta सर्वभूतानां कारणमकारणं सत्त्वरजस्तमोलक्षणमष्टरूपमखिलस्य जगतः सम्भवहेतुरव्यक्तं नाम |तदेकं बहूनां क्षेत्रज्ञानामधिष्ठानं समुद्र इवौदकानां भावानाम्||३|| सु.शा.१/३ The Evolver or unmanifest nature is the cause of all beings. It is causeless or it has no origin. It has three Gunas Sattva, Raja and Tama. It has eight forms and is known as the cause of the whole Universe. As the ocean is the seat of all aquatic substances this unmanifest nature is the seat of numerous souls.
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Cont…. The Prakriti and Purush individually can not form the Universe. When these two are interconnected then only the universe can manifest.
Type of Manifestation The manifestation is of two type. 1. Pratyay Sarga . ( Buddhi Sarga ) - It includes manifestation from Mahat tatva to Indriya 2. Bhoutik Sarga ( Tanmatra Sarga ) – It includes manifestation from Panch-tanmatra , Panch - mahabhuta and its different forms
Classification of Tatvas According to Sankhya Darsana ^ ewyizd`frfod`freZgnk|k % izd`fr fod`r ;% lIr%A " kksM'kdLrq fodkjksa u izd`fruZ fod`fr iq :" k%AA * सांख्यकारिका ३ Mula Prakriti- 1 Prakriti- Vikriti - 7 Vikara - 16 No Prakriti- No Vikriti - 1 ( Purush )
Prakriti It is the cause of all the creatures but it self it is causeless. It is one in number. It is also called Pradhana or Avyakta .
Vikriti The Tatva which can not be the cause of any of the creation are called Vikriti . They are evolved by something but can not evolve anything. They are 16 in number. As, Panch Gyanendriya , Panch Karmendriya , Panch Mahabhuta and Mana
Prakriti- Vikriti These are the elements which are both Prakriti- and Vikriti . They are 7 in numbers. As, Mahat , Ahamkar , Panch-tanmatra .
Na Prakriti Na Vikriti The element which is not the evaluator or not the evaluate is called Purush . This Purush does not have potentials to evolve into anything. It can not give rise to anything.
According to Acharya Charaka Acharya Charaka has mentioned that Avyakta is the combination of the Purush and Prakriti. Prakriti and Purush combinedly called as Avyakt and that’s why in his views the Purush is of 24 tatvas .
Charaka iqu'p / kkrqHksnsu prqfoZ'kafrd % Le`r%A euks n'ksfUæ;kf.k vFkkZ % çÑfr'p v"V / kkrqdhAA ¼p0'kk0 1@17½ Another classification assumes twenty-four constitutes of Purusa . They are one mind, ten sense and reciprocating action organs, five objects of sense organs, Prakriti with eight entities. These eight entities comprises of Avyakta , Mahat and five Panchmahabhutas .
Dhatubhed se Purush Bhed एक धात्वात्मक पुरुष ( Purush with only one constituent) चेतनाधातुरप्येकः स्मृतः पुरुषसञ्ज्ञकः || १६ || (च.शा.१/१६) Alone Chetana principle is refered to as Purush .
व्दिधात्वात्मक पुरुष This category is classified into following groups. 1. क्षेत्र- क्षेत्रज्ञ च.शा. १/६५ २. अग्नि-सोमात्मक सु.सू. १४/७
त्रिधात्वत्मक पुरुष त्रिदन्दात्मक पुरुष- सत्त्वमात्मा शरीरं च त्रयमेतत्त्रिदण्डवत् | (च.सू.१/४६) Purush is togetherness of body, mind and soul. त्रिगुणात्मक पुरुष त्रिदोषात्मक पुरुष
पंचधात्वात्मक पुरुष महाभूतानि खं वायुरग्निरापःक्षितिस्तथा | (च.शा.१/२७) Purush is the combination of Aakash , Vayu , Agni, Aap , Kshti ( pruthivi ).
षड्धात्वात्मक पुरुष पञ्चमहाभूतशरीरिसमवायः पुरुषः| (सु. शा.१/१६) Living body consist of five Mahabhuta and soul. खादयश्चेतनाषष्ठा धातवः पुरुषः स्मृतः | ( चशा.१/१६) Purush comprises six dhatavah , viz. Five Mahabhuta and Soul.
त्रयोदश धात्वात्मक पुरुष दोषधातुमलमूलं हि शरीरं || ३ || (सु.सू.१५/३) Three Dosah , Seven Dhatu and three Mala are thirteen constituents of Purush .
सप्तदशाधत्वात्मक पुरुष आत्मेन्द्रियमनोर्थानां योऽयं पुरुषसञ्ज्ञकः| राशिरस्यामयानां च प्रागुत्पत्तिविनिश्चये||४|| च.सू.२५/४. Togetherness of soul, five sense organs, five objects of sense organs, five reciprocating organs , and mind comprise seventeen constitutes of Purush .
चतुर्विंशति धात्वात्मक पुरुष पुनश्च धातुभेदेन चतुर्विंशतिकः स्मृतः | मनो दशेन्द्रियाण्यर्थाः प्रकृतिश्चाष्टधातुकी || १७ || (च.शा.१/१७) Another classification assumes twenty-four constitutes of Purusa . They are one mind, ten sense and reciprocating action organs, five objects of sense organs, Prakriti with eight entities. These eight entities comprises of Avyakta , Mahat and five Panchmahabhutas
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