Ssac 353 lecture no. 7 9, classification of manures bulkey and concentrated, composting methods

Bulky and concentrated organic manures, classification, different Composting, methods of composting,

1. Lecture No. 7-8-9 Dr. AB Jadhav , Soil Science and Agril . Chemistry, Agriculture College , Pune

2. S.No MANURES FERTILIZERS 1 Organic in nature Inorganic in nature 2 Slow acting Quick acting 3 Having low analytical value Having high analytical value 4 Having no definite chemical composition Having definite chemical composition 5 Obtained from plant , animal and human resources Mined or manufactured 6 Improves physical properties of soils Don’t improve the physical properties of soils 7 Supply almost all major, minor and micronutrients. Supply one or very few plant nutrients. 8 Derived from French word ‘MANOEUVRER’ to work with soil Derived from Latin word Fertil ( means Fertile ) 9 Bulky in nature Non-bulky in nature

3. Composition of Bulky Organic Manures

4. Composition of Concentrated Organic Manures

5. 1 Composting is basically a biological process in which aerobic and anaerobic microbes decompose organic matter and narrow down the C: N ratio of substrate used 2 The final product is formed is an amorphous , brown to dark brown, humified material known as compost 3 Compost is more stable and richer in nutrients than FYM 4 The difference in FYM and compost is the substrate 5 In FYM substrates are dung, cattle urine and litter 6 In compost-substrates are diverse waste organic materials like straw, stalks/stubbles/husk/weeds/ biodegradable house holds and factory Concept of Decomposition

6. FYM Compost

7. Decomposition

8. Factors Affecting Aerobic Composting

9. Farm Yard Manure (FYM) The FYM refers to the refuse from farm animals, mainly sheep, cattle and poultry. This is one of the oldest manure known and is highly valued for its many of the beneficial properties that are said to be produced when this manure is added to the soil. It not only adds the constituents to the soil but also adds organic matter to the soil.

10. Composition of Farm Manure Several factors influence the composition of farm manure and they are the following 1. Source of manure 2. Feed of the animals 3. Age of the animals 4. Condition of the animals 5. Manner of storage and handling 6. Litter use etc., On an average the composition of FYM is usually 0.5 % N, .25 % P2O5 and 0.5 % K2O.