Stack presentation having its operations

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1. Basic presentation

2. Stack A stack is a list in which insertion and deletion take place at the same end. >This end is called top. >The other end is called bottom. Stacks are known as LIFO (Last In, First Out). The last element inserted will be the first to be retrieved, using Push and Pop. Attributes of Stack > MAXSTACK: which gives the maximum number of elements that can be held by the stack. > TOP: the index of the top element of stack 2

3. Push and Pop operations on Stack PUSH(STACK,TOP,MAXSTACK,ITEM) 1. [STACK already filled] If TOP=MAXSTACK, then Print OVERFLOW and Return. 2. Set TOP=TOP+1 3. Set STACK[TOP]=ITEM. 4. Return. POP(STACK,TOP,ITEM) 1. If TOP=0, then Print UNDERFLOW and Return. 2. Set ITEM=STACK[TOP] 3. Set TOP=TOP-1 4. Return.

4. Array Representation of Stack STACK: Linear Array TOP: Pointer variable, which contains the location of top element of the stack. MAXSTACK: A variable, which gives the maximum number of elements that can be held by the stack. If TOP=0 or TOP=NULL Stack is empty and this condition is known as underflow. If TOP= MAXSTACK Stack is Full and this condition is known as Overflow. A B C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 9 MAXSTACK TOP

5. Engaging the audience Make eye contact with your audience to create a sense of intimacy and involvement Weave relatable stories into your presentation using narratives that make your message memorable and impactful Encourage questions and provide thoughtful responses to enhance audience participation Use live polls or surveys to gather audience opinions, promoting engagement and making sure the audience feel involved 5

6. Selecting visual aids 6 Enhancing your presentation

7. Effective delivery techniques 7 This is a powerful tool in public speaking. It involves varying pitch, tone, and volume to convey emotion, emphasize points, and maintain interest. Pitch variation Tone inflection Volume control Effective body language enhances your message, making it more impactful and memorable. Meaningful eye contact Purposeful gestures Maintain good posture Control your expressions

8. Navigating Q&A sessions Maintaining composure during the Q&A session is essential for projecting confidence and authority. Consider the following tips for staying composed: Stay calm Actively listen Pause and reflect Maintain eye contact Know your material in advance Anticipate common questions Rehearse your responses 8

9. Speaking impact Your ability to communicate effectively will leave a lasting impact on your audience Effectively communicating involves not only delivering a message but also resonating with the experiences, values, and emotions of those listening  9

10. Dynamic delivery Learn to infuse energy into your delivery to leave a lasting impression One of the goals of effective communication is to motivate your audience Metric Measurement Target Actual Audience attendance # of attendees 150 120 Engagement duration Minutes 60 75 Q&A interaction # of questions 10 15 Positive feedback Percentage (%) 90 95 Rate of information retention Percentage (%) 80 85 10

11. Final tips & takeaways Consistent rehearsal Strengthen your familiarity Refine delivery style Pacing, tone, and emphasis Timing and transitions Aim for seamless, professional delivery Practice audience Enlist colleagues to listen & provide feedback Seek feedback Reflect on performance Explore new techniques Set personal goals Iterate and adapt 11

12. Speaking engagement metrics Impact factor Measurement Target Achieved Audience interaction Percentage (%) 85 88 Knowledge retention Percentage (%) 75 80 Post-presentation surveys Average rating 4.2 4.5 Referral rate Percentage (%) 10 12 Collaboration opportunities # of opportunities 8 10 12

13. Thank you Brita Tamm 502-555-0152 [email protected] www.firstupconsultants.com