stains used in light microscopy (4).pptx

Stains use in microscopy

1. Stains used in light microscopy Presented by: M. Rizwan :0264&M.Kamran :0265 Presented to:Dr.Rais Ahmed

2. Introduction: Stains are dyes or chemicals used to color and highlights specific cells, tissues or structure enhancing contrast and visibility for diagnostic purpose.

3. Importance of stains in light microscopy In light microscopy, stains are crucial for: Contrast enhancement : Stains increase contrast between structures, making them more visible. Visualization : Stains help visualize specific structures, like nuclei, cytoplasm, and cell walls. Identification : Stains aid in identifying microorganisms, like bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

4. Continued Diagnosis : Stains facilitate diagnosis of diseases, such as cancer, infections, and inflammatory conditions. Cellular structure analysis : Stains help analyze cell morphology, organelles, and tissue architecture. Microbial detection : Stains detect and identify microorganisms in clinical and environmental samples

5. Stains used in light microscopy Here are some common stains used in light microscopy: 1. H&E (Hematoxylin & Eosin)2. Gram Stain 3. Giemsa Stain4. Wright’s Stain 5. PAS (Periodic Acid-Schiff) 6 . Ziehl-Neelsen stain 7capsular stains. ( a)Methylene blue stain (b) Crystal Violet stain (c)safranin stain 8.Spore stains: (a). Malachite Green stain(b). Sufranin stain (c). Carbolfuchsin stain (Ziehl-Neelsen method)

6. H&E stain Hematoxylin Stains nuclei blue and Eosin stains cytoplasm Pink.

7. Gram stain Differentiate bacteria into gram positive and gram negative It gives gram positive bacteria purple color And gram negative pink or red color

8. Giemsa stain Stains chromosomes, nuclei and cytoplasm .it gives chromosomes and nuclei purple color and cytoplasm pink color.

9. Wrights’s stain Wright’s stain is a type of Romanowsky stain that colors blood cells and platelets as follows: 1.Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells): - Pinkish-red color - Pale pink color in the center (central pallor) 2. Leukocytes (White Blood Cells): Neutrophils : Pinkish-purple nucleus, pale pink cytoplasm Eosinophils : Bright red-orange nucleus, pale pink cytoplasm Basophils : Dark blue-purple nucleus, pale pink cytoplasm Lymphocytes : Dark blue-purple nucleus, scant pale pink cytoplasm Monocytes : Large, dark blue-purple nucleus, abundant pale pink cytoplasm 3.Platelets: - Small, dark blue-purple granules (platelet granules) - Pale pink background (platelet cytoplasm)

10. Image

11. Capsular stain Methylene blue stains bacterial capsule blue like E-coli Sufranin stains bacterial capsule red like Bacillus cereus Crystal Violet stains bacterial capsule purple Like clostridium defficile