Standardization of herbal drugs.pptx

It's about the Standardization of herbal drugs.
It's includes
# Definition of herbs
# Herbal drugs definition
# Herbal technology
# Standardization definition
# Methods of Standardization of herbal drugs

1. STANDARDISATION OF HERBAL DRUG BY T.GOKUL

2. HERBS : It Consists Of Entire Part Of Plant Or Any Part Of The Plant ( Like Leaves , Flowers , Fruits , Roots And Rhizomes , Bark , Tubers , Stems And Branches)

3. HERBAL DRUG : These Consists Of Plants Or Any Part Of Plants , Usually In Unprocessed Or Crude Forms ( Crude Drugs ) Which Have Medicinal Value They Include Different Parts Of Plants Like Entire Aerial Part , Flowers , Fruits , Seeds , Bark , Leaves , Roots , Rhizomes Etc.. The Constituents And Their Therapeutic Activity May Be Known Or Unknown

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5. 3 STANDARDISATION Standardisation Of Drug Means “ Confirmation Of Its Identity And Determination Of Its Quality And Purity And Detection Of Nature Of Adulterant By Various Parameters Like Morphological , Physical, Chemical And Biological Observations. ”

6. METHODS OF STANDARDIZATION OF HERBAL DRUGS Authentication Of Herbal Drugs Organoleptic Evaluation Morphological Evaluation Microscopic Evaluation Physical Evaluation Chemical Evaluation Biological Evaluation 23

7. 1 . AUTHENTICATION OF HERBAL DRUGS : Evaluation Parameters ; 1. Identification Of The Plants And Parts Collected. 2. Regional Status , Biological Source , Family , Chemical Constituents. Before Starting Any Processes On Herbs , They Need To Be Properly Identified And Authenticated From A Reputed Institution Or Organisation. The Following Institutes Are Involved In The Authentication Of Herbs

8. NAME OF INSTITUTES : Central Council For Research In Ayurveda And Siddha (CCRAS) Central Council For Research In Unani Medicine (CCRUM) Central Council For Research In Homoeopathy (CCRH) Central Council For Research In Yoga And Naturopathy (CCRYN) Central Council For Indian Medicine (CCIM) Central Council For Homoeopathy (CCH) LABORATORIES Pharmacopoeial Laboratory For Indian Medicine (PLIM) Homoeopathy Pharmacopoeia Laboratory (HPL)

9. NATIONAL INSTITUTES : National Institute Of Homoeopathy (NIM) National Institute Of Ayurveda (NIA) National Institute Of Unani Medicine (NIUM) National Institute Of Naturopathy (NIN) National Institute Of Siddha (NIS) Institute Of Post-graduate Training And Research In Ayurveda (IPGTRA) Rashtriya Ayurved Vidyapeeth (RAV) Morarji Desai National Institute Of Yoga (MDNIY)

10. 20 2.ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION : EVALUATION PARAMETERS ; Odour Taste Colour 1.Odour Distinct Indistinct Aromatic 2.Taste Acidic Bitter Saline(salty) Alkaline Tasteless

11. 21 3.MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION : EVALUATION PARAMETERS ; Flower Leaves And Leaflet B ark R oots And Rhizome F ruit

12. 4.MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION : EVALUATION PARAMETERS ; A) QUALITATIVE MICROSCOPY ; Its Used To Identify The Herbal Drug By Studying Its Microscopic Characteristics Such As # Transverse Section # Longitudinal Section # Trichomes # Leaf Constants Leaf Constants Include Determination Of 1.Palisade Ratio 2.Stomatal Number 3.Stomatal Index 4.Vein Islet Number And Vein Islet Index

13. B) QUANTITATIVE MICROSCOPY ; Its Is Used To Evaluate The Quantity / Amount Of The Substance Present. Example ; Lycopodium Spore Method To Determine The Amount Of Starch Grains , Length , And Number Of Fibres , Trichomes, Present.

14. 5. PHYSICAL EVALUATION : EVALUATION PARAMETERS ; Moisture Content V iscosity M elting Point S olubility O ptical Rotation R efractive Index A sh Value E xtractive Value F oreign Oraganic Matter Content V olatile Oil Content

15. 6.CHEMICAL EVALUATION : EVALUATION PARAMETERS : A) QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL EVALUATION ; Qualitative Tests Comprise Of Various Chemical Tests To Identify The Nature Of Compounds Present In The Crude Drugs. 1.Test For Alkaloids Mayer’s Test Dragendroff’s Test Hager’s Test Wagner’s Test 2 .Test For Glycosides And Sugars M olisch’s Test K iller Killiani Test L egal Test

16. 22 3 .Test For Phytosterols Liebermann’s Test Burchard Test 4.Test For Tannins And Phenols Ferric Chloride Test 5.Test For Proteins And Amino Acids Millen’s Test Ninhydrin Test Biurett’s Test 6.Test For Gum And Mucilage Swelling Index

17. B) QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL EVALUATION : Quantitative Tests Include Chemical Assays And Chromatographic Methods Which Are Used To Quantity The Chemical Compounds Present In The Crude Drug. Chromatography Techniques ; The Chromatographic Techniques Are The New And Most Common Methods Used To Separate , Identify And Quantify The Plant Constituents. C hromatographic Methods ; # Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) # High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) # High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC) # Column Chromatography # Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC)

18. 7.BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION : EVALUATION PARAMETERS ; A) MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION DETERMINATION Total Viable Count Determination Of Pathogens Aflatoxin Content B) PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION Bitterness Value Haemolytic Activity Foaming Index Swelling Index C) TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION Pesticidal Residues Heavy Metals