Start-of-Spanish-Colonization (1).pptx b

bbbbb

1. Start of Spanish Colonization The history of the Philippines from 1521 to 1898, also known as the Spanish colonial period from 1565, was the period following the arrival of Magellan in the Philippines and during which Spain financed expeditions to the Philippine islands and then ruled them as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under New Spain until Mexican independence in 1821, which gave Madrid direct control over the area. It started with the arrival in 1521 of European explorer Ferdinand Magellan sailing for Spain, which heralded the period when the Philippines was a colony of the Spanish Empire, and ended with the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution in 1898, which marked the beginning of the American colonial era of Philippine history. by Marchial Leyang

2. Early European Expeditions 1511 Portuguese conquest of Malacca City 1512 Portuguese reach Maluku Islands 1521 Magellan's expedition reaches the Philippines Although the archipelago may have been visited before by the Portuguese (who conquered Malacca City in 1511 and reached Maluku Islands in 1512), the earliest documented European expedition to the Philippines was that led by Ferdinand Magellan, in the service of the king of Spain.

3. Magellan's Arrival in the Philippines March 17, 1521 Sighted the mountains of Samar at dawn March 18, 1521 Made landfall at the uninhabited island of Homonhon at the mouth of the Leyte Gulf March 31, 1521 (Easter Sunday) At Mazaua (believed to be Limasawa island in Southern Leyte), Magellan planted a cross and claimed the islands for Spain, naming them Archipelago of Saint Lazarus But before they go to Samar and Leyte they went to Cebu but they did not pass, sighted the mountains of Samar at dawn on the 17th March 1521, making landfall the following day at the small, uninhabited island of Homonhon at the mouth of the Leyte Gulf.

4. Magellan's Alliances and Conversion Efforts Alliance with Datu Zula Magellan sought alliances among the natives beginning with Datu Zula, the chieftain of Sugbu (now Cebu) Religious Conversion Magellan took special pride in converting the natives to Catholicism Political Involvement The expedition got involved in the political rivalries between the Cebuano natives On Easter Sunday, 31 March 1521, at Mazaua (today believed to be Limasawa island in Southern Leyte) as is stated in Antonio Pigafetta's Primo Viaggio Intorno El Mondo (First Voyage Around the World), Magellan solemnly planted a cross on the summit of a hill overlooking the sea and claimed for the king of Spain possession of the islands he had seen, naming them Archipelago of Saint Lazarus. Magellan conquered and sought alliances among the natives beginning with Datu Zula, the chieftain of Sugbu (now Cebu), and took special pride in converting them to Catholicism.

5. The Battle of Mactan 60 Spanish Armed Men Magellan's force that invaded Mactan 1,000 Cebuano Warriors Allies who remained aboard the ships 1,500 Mactan Defenders Lapu-Lapu's army on land 15 Spanish Casualties Including Magellan himself Magellan's expedition got involved in the political rivalries between the Cebuano natives and took part in a battle against Lapu-Lapu, chieftain of Mactan island and a mortal enemy of Datu Zula. At dawn on 27 April 1521, Magellan invaded Mactan Island with 60 armed men and 1,000 Cebuano warriors, but had great difficulty landing his men on the rocky shore. Lapu-Lapu had an army of 1,500 on land. Magellan waded ashore with his soldiers and attacked the Mactan defenders, ordering Datu Zula and his warriors to remain aboard the ships and watch. Magellan seriously underestimated Lapu-Lapu and his men, and grossly outnumbered, Magellan and 14 of his soldiers were killed. The rest managed to reboard the ships.

6. The Fate of Magellan's Expedition Abandonment of the "Concepción" The battle left the expedition with too few crewmen to man three ships, so they abandoned the "Concepción" Journey to the Spice Islands The remaining ships - "Trinidad" and "Victoria" – sailed to the Spice Islands in present-day Indonesia Splitting of the Expedition From there, the expedition split into two groups The battle left the expedition with too few crewmen to man three ships, so they abandoned the "Concepción". The remaining ships - "Trinidad" and "Victoria" – sailed to the Spice Islands in present-day Indonesia. From there, the expedition split into two groups. The Trinidad, commanded by Gonzalo Gómez de Espinoza tried to sail eastward across the Pacific Ocean to the Isthmus of Panama. Disease and shipwreck disrupted Espinoza's voyage and most of the crew died. Survivors of the Trinidad returned to the Spice Islands, where the Portuguese imprisoned them.

7. Completion of the First Circumnavigation Victoria's Journey The Victoria continued sailing westward, commanded by Juan Sebastián Elcano Return to Spain Managed to return to San Lúcar de Barrameda, Spain in 1522 Treaty of Zaragoza In 1529, Charles I of Spain relinquished all claims to the Spice Islands to Portugal Continued Colonization The treaty did not stop the colonization of the Philippine archipelago from New Spain The Victoria continued sailing westward, commanded by Juan Sebastián Elcano, and managed to return to San Lúcar de Barrameda, Spain in 1522. In 1529, Charles I of Spain relinquished all claims to the Spice Islands to Portugal in the treaty of Zaragoza. However, the treaty did not stop the colonization of the Philippine archipelago from New Spain.

8. Subsequent Spanish Expeditions Loaisa Expedition (1525) One of five expeditions sent after Magellan's voyage Cabot Expedition (1526) Second expedition to the islands Saavedra Expedition (1527) Third attempt to establish Spanish presence Villalobos Expedition (1542) Named the islands "Las Islas Filipinas" after Philip II of Spain Legazpi Expedition (1564) Most successful expedition, resulting in the discovery of the tornaviaje (return trip) to Mexico across the Pacific by Andrés de Urdaneta After Magellan's voyage, subsequent expeditions were dispatched to the islands. Five expeditions were sent: that of Loaisa (1525), Cabot (1526), Saavedra (1527), Villalobos (1542), and Legazpi (1564). The Legazpi expedition was the most successful as it resulted in the discovery of the tornaviaje or return trip to Mexico across the Pacific by Andrés de Urdaneta. This discovery started the Manila galleon trade, which lasted two and a half centuries. Las Islas Filipinas was named after Philip II of Spain by Ruy López de Villalobos.