Statistics basic terms introduction.pptx

Statistics Introduction for Grade 7

1. Definition of statistics Statistics is the science of conducting studies to collect, organize, summarize, analyze, and draw conclusions from data. How many candies? How many lollipops? How many percent is gummy worm?

2. The five Basic Terms of Statistics 1. Population 2. Sample 3. Parameter 4. Statistic 5. Variable

3. Ex. All Filipino citizens who are currently registered to vote Population – all the members of a group about which you want to draw a conclusion.

4. 2. Sample – the part of the population selected for analysis. Ex: The registered voters selected to participate in a recent survey concerning their intention to vote in the next election.

5. 3. Parameter – a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a population. Ex. The percentage of all registered voters who intend to vote in the next election

6. 4. Statistic – a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a sample. Ex. The percentage in a sample of registered voters who intend to vote in the next election .

7. Ex. Gender, the household income of the citizens who voted in the last presidential election. 5. Variable – a characteristic of an item or an individual that will be analyzed using statistics.

8. The two branches of statistics

9. Descriptive statistics – consists of the collection, organization, summarizations, and presentation of data. Ex : a. Nine out of ten on the job fatalities are men b. Expenditures for the cable industry were P5.66 billion in 1996

10. Inferential statistics consists of generalizing from samples to populations, performing estimations and hypotheses tests, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions. Ex. a . By 2040 at least 3.5 billion people will run short of water. b . Allergy therapy makes bees go away

11. All patients treated at a particular hospital last year. The entire daily output of a cereal factory’s production line 3. The patients selected to fill out a particular-satisfaction questionnaire . 4. 100 boxes of cereal selected from a factory’s production line. 5. The percentage of all patients who are very satisfied with the care they received . 6. The percentage in a sample of patients who are very satisfied with the care they received. 7. The number of varieties of a brand of cereal. Identify the basic terms in statistics which represent in the following situations. Situations: (population) (sample ) (parameter ) (statistic) (variable) (population) (sample )

12. B. In each of the following, tell whether descriptive or inferential statistics have been used. The median household income for people aged 25-34 is P35,888. Drinking decaffeinated coffee can raise cholesterol levels by 7%. The national average annual medicine expenditure per person is P1052. Expert say that mortgage rates may soon hit bottom . The average age of citizens who voted for the winning candidates in the last presidential election. (descriptive) (inferential) (descriptive) (inferential) (descriptive)