Stereotype content model (scm)

The Stereotype Content Model is a psychological theory that suggests that group stereotypes consist of two dimensions:
Warmth and
Competence.
Not all stereotypes and stereotype groups are the same. Some are viewed as
Incompetent and useless, for instance elderly, whereas
Respected due to the excessive, perhaps threatening, competences they allegedly possess, such as Asians.
Sweet and harmless, like women
Cold and indifferent- like some rich people
These stereotypes are the subject of lots of research within the field of social psychology.
Results show that the negative stereotype, of incompetence or subordination, always coincides with the positive stereotype of warmth.
The composition of this combination results in a unique collection of prejudices aimed at various groups in society and ethnic groups in general.

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2. What Is the Stereotype Content Model (SCM)? The Stereotype Content Model is a psychological theory that suggests that group stereotypes consist of two dimensions : Warmth and Competence . Not all stereotypes and stereotype groups are the same. Some are viewed as Incompetent and useless, for instance elderly, whereas Respected due to the excessive, perhaps threatening, competences they allegedly possess , such as Asians. Sweet and harmless, like women Cold and indifferent- like some rich people These stereotypes are the subject of lots of research within the field of social psychology. Results show that the negative stereotype, of incompetence or subordination, always coincides with the positive stereotype of warmth . The composition of this combination results in a unique collection of prejudices aimed at various groups in society and ethnic groups in general. The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by social psychologist Susan Fiske and her colleagues Amy Cuddy , Peter Glick and Jun Zu in 2002 . Reliability of the Stereotype Content Model (SCM ) are sufficient in various cultural contexts and that it is able to predict the affective reactions of a variety of different groups. The model has also received support from fields such as interpersonal perception.

3. The Two Dimensions Warmth and competence are the fundamental dimensions on which both individuals and groups are assessed. These two dimensions have a rich history in terms of the quantity and intensity of the research . Asch in 1946 manipulated and changed warmth of a person keeping Competence same . This resulted in a radical change in the perception of the individual. 1.Warmth Warmth is accompanied by the question of someone’s trustworthiness, and particularly the uttered intentions of a person towards someone else. Hence warmth is more important than the question of whether a person’s competence is sufficient to actually carry out these intentions. A warm person is friendly to others, respects them and cares for them. With such warmth, they create a mutual feeling of trust and connection . A cold person has more trouble gaining others’ sympathy and doesn’t care much about this . By adopting a distant attitude, it seems as if this person deems himself to be superior, which results in others limiting their trust . In stereotyping, groups are considered to be warm or cold in different ways . For example, managers are often seen as cold and psychologists as warm. People who don’t fit within a certain group are considered to be cold more often than people within a group. A few examples of warm characteristics are: Friendliness Reliability Empathy

4. The Two Dimensions 2.Competence Competence is about how capable someone is in carrying out both the good and bad intentions. The judgement of this dimension is formed shortly after someone is judged in the warmth dimension. Moderating warmth is the degree to which other people are deemed to be competent. When someone is viewed as capable, this is a reason to admire them, sometimes grudgingly so due to jealousy. Competence is often used when forming stereotypes. An example of this is that someone may think that people in a lower social class may owe their poor circumstances to their own incompetence rather than to other factors. Competence characteristics include: Intelligence Power/strength Working intent Skill

5. Dimension Combinations Warmth and competence are two separate orthogonal dimensions Therefore, a low or high score in one of the dimensions can be combined with either a high or low score in the other dimension. The inventors of the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) gave the result of the combination an umbrella term. The following four combinations were found: 1.Admiration Both warmth and competence are considered to be pleasant factors, which makes it easier to admire people with both these aspects . Competence can be seen as a gift or capability , In general, kind people are considered to be more deserving of such skills than unkind people , who are often begrudged their talents. 2.Jealousy/envy When a person seems cold and unfriendly , then it is reasonably assumed that this person isn’t well loved. If these ‘bad’ classified people are are highly competent, then this leads to a conflicting view of them. They are deemed to be undeserving of their capabilities, which leaves envy. Pity Warm people are valued and a lack of competence is therefore not considered to be a negative characteristic. The real competence of warm people is the very fact that they are good people, even though this may be difficult to see for some. Some people feel superior to others because of their capabilities and will express a sense of pity towards less capable people. Contempt A cold person isn’t appreciated and is considered to be wrong or bad. When this person is also incompetent, he is classified as completely inferior, which means he’s regarded with contempt. Contempt is viewed as one of the most socially unfriendly emotions, as it directly rejects the other person. To Summarise Prejudices have been around forever, about each population type and each social group. Susan Fiske and her colleagues researched the basis for these prejudices and discovered that two fundamental dimensions in forming these prejudices always go hand in hand: warmth and competence. They describe these in the Stereotype Content Model (SCM). Warm incompetent people are considered to be more deserving of competence than cold competent people are, and cold people aren’t considered deserving of anything. The warmth, genuineness of expressed intentions, plays an important role in forming prejudices, while the competence, the capability to actually carry out these intentions, is less important.

6. Dimension Combinations 3.Pity Warm people are valued and a lack of competence is therefore not considered to be a negative characteristic. The real competence of warm people is that they are good people , even though this may be difficult to see for some. Some people feel superior to others because of their capabilities and will express a sense of pity towards less capable people. 4.Contempt A cold person isn’t appreciated and is considered to be wrong or bad . When this person is also incompetent, he is classified as completely inferior, which means he’s regarded with contempt. Contempt is viewed as one of the most socially unfriendly emotions, as it directly rejects the other person. To Summarise Prejudices have been around forever, about each population type and each social group. Susan Fiske and her colleagues researched the basis for these prejudices and discovered that two fundamental dimensions in forming these prejudices always go hand in hand: warmth and competence. They describe these in the Stereotype Content Model (SCM). Warm incompetent people are considered to be more deserving of competence than cold competent people are, and cold people aren’t considered deserving of anything. The warmth, genuineness of expressed intentions, plays an important role in forming prejudices, while the competence, the capability to actually carry out these intentions, is less important.

7. To Summarise Prejudices have been around forever, about each population type and each social group. Susan Fiske and her colleagues researched the basis for these prejudices and discovered that two fundamental dimensions in forming these prejudices always go hand in hand: warmth and competence. They describe these in the Stereotype Content Model (SCM). Warm incompetent people are considered to be more deserving of competence than cold competent people are, and Cold people aren’t considered deserving of anything. The warmth, genuineness of expressed intentions, plays an important role in forming prejudices, while the competence, the capability to actually carry out these intentions, is less important.

8. More information Cuddy, A. J. , Fiske, S. T., & Glick, P. (2008). Warmth and competence as universal dimensions of social perception: The stereotype content model and the BIAS map . Advances in experimental social psychology, 40, 61-149. Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. , Glick, P., & Xu , J. (2018). A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition (2002) . In Social Cognition (pp. 171-222). Routledge . Lin, M. H., Kwan, V. S., Cheung, A., & Fiske, S. T. (2005). Stereotype content model explains prejudice for an envied outgroup : Scale of anti-Asian American stereotypes . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(1), 34-47