Sterile and non-sterile trolley set up.pptx

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1. Sterile and Non-sterile trolley set up DR. GOURAV KUMAR Assistant professor Department of Radiation and Imaging Technology NIMS University, Jaipur Rajasthan

2. A sterile trolley involves ensuring that all the necessary equipment and supplies are organized and maintained in a sterile manner for use in medical procedures or other sterile environments. Here's a general guideline on how to set up a sterile trolley: Clean the Work Area : Start by cleaning the surface where the sterile trolley will be placed. Use a disinfectant to wipe down the surface thoroughly . Sterile trolley

3. Gather Necessary Equipment and Supplies : Collect all the required sterile equipment and supplies needed for the procedure. This might include items such as: Sterile gloves Sterile gauze Sterile drapes Sterile dressings Sterile syringes and needles Antiseptic solutions (e.g., alcohol swabs, iodine solution) Sterile instruments (forceps, scissors, etc.) Sterile trays or containers for organizing smaller items

4. Prepare the Trolley : Arrange the trolley trays or compartments in an organized manner, ensuring that each item has its designated place. Larger items might be placed on the bottom shelf, while smaller items or instruments can be organized in trays or containers on higher shelves. Open Sterile Packages Carefully : Before placing items onto the trolley, open sterile packages using proper aseptic technique. Avoid touching the sterile contents with non-sterile hands or surfaces .

5. Arrange Items on the Trolley : Place the opened sterile items onto the designated areas of the trolley. Arrange them in a logical order based on the procedure they will be used for, keeping frequently used items easily accessible. Maintain Sterility : Throughout the setup process, be mindful of maintaining sterility. Avoid contaminating sterile items by ensuring that non-sterile surfaces, hands, or items don't come into contact with them.

6. Cover or Wrap Unused Items : If there are items that won't be immediately used but need to remain sterile, cover them with sterile drapes or place them in appropriate sterile containers to maintain their sterility until they are needed. Labeling and Documentation : If required, label the items or containers with relevant information. Ensure that any documentation or labeling necessary for the procedure is readily available. Regular Inspections and Replenishment : Periodically inspect the sterile trolley to ensure the integrity of the items and their sterility. Replace any expired items or those that are no longer sterile.

7. Sterile Gloves – Sterile gloves are an essential component in maintaining aseptic or sterile conditions in various medical procedures, surgeries, and any situation where there is a need to prevent the transmission of infection between the healthcare provider and the patient. Surgical Procedures: Sterile gloves are crucial during surgical procedures to prevent contamination of the surgical site by providing a barrier between the healthcare provider's hands and the patient's body. Surgeons, nurses, and other operating room personnel wear sterile gloves to maintain aseptic conditions during surgery. Uses of sterile equipment's

8. Invasive Medical Procedures: Healthcare providers use sterile gloves for various invasive procedures, such as inserting catheters, performing wound care, or conducting examinations that involve contact with sterile body sites or fluids. Patient Care in Isolation or Sterile Environments: In settings where patients require isolation or in sterile environments like an ICU or burn units, healthcare workers use sterile gloves when providing direct patient care to prevent the transmission of pathogens.

9. Handling Contaminated Materials: Sterile gloves can also be used when handling materials or equipment that are potentially contaminated, protecting the wearer from exposure to infectious agents . Proper Technique: It's crucial to follow proper hand hygiene and glove donning techniques before wearing sterile gloves. This includes thorough hand washing or using hand sanitizer before putting on gloves to minimize the risk of contaminating the gloves during application.

10. Size and Fit: Ensure the gloves fit properly for comfort and dexterity. Gloves that are too tight can cause hand fatigue and discomfort, while loose gloves may compromise dexterity and tactile sensitivity. Avoid Touching Non-Sterile Surfaces: Once gloves are on, it's essential to avoid touching non-sterile surfaces to prevent contamination. Care should be taken not to touch the face, hair, or other non-sterile items while wearing gloves . Change Gloves When Necessary: Change gloves promptly if they become torn, punctured, or contaminated during a procedure. It's crucial to maintain the integrity of the sterile barrier.

11. Dispose of Gloves Properly: After use, discard gloves in appropriate waste containers following healthcare facility guidelines to prevent the spread of contamination . Invasive Medical Procedures: Healthcare providers use sterile gloves for various invasive procedures, such as inserting catheters, performing wound care, or conducting examinations that involve contact with sterile body sites or fluids . Patient Care in Isolation or Sterile Environments: In settings where patients require isolation or in sterile environments like an ICU or burn units, healthcare workers use sterile gloves when providing direct patient care to prevent the transmission of pathogens.

12. Handling Contaminated Materials: Sterile gloves can also be used when handling materials or equipment that are potentially contaminated, protecting the wearer from exposure to infectious agents.

13. Sterile gauze is a crucial medical supply used in various healthcare settings for wound care, surgical procedures, and other medical applications. Here are some common uses of sterile gauze : Wound Dressing: Sterile gauze is often used as a primary or secondary dressing for wounds. It helps absorb blood and exudate, protects the wound from contamination, and promotes a conducive healing environment. It's applied directly over the wound after cleaning and may be secured in place with medical tape or a bandage . Sterile Gauze

14. Wound Packing: In deeper wounds or those with irregular shapes, healthcare professionals may pack the wound with sterile gauze. This helps to absorb excess fluid, maintain the wound's shape, and facilitate healing from the inside out. Surgical Use: During surgical procedures, sterile gauze is used by surgeons and assistants to control bleeding, wipe surfaces, or absorb fluids. It's also used to maintain a sterile field by covering instruments or placing over incision sites. First Aid: In emergency situations or minor injuries, sterile gauze can be used to apply pressure to stop bleeding or as a protective covering for cuts, scrapes, or burns .

15. Absorption and Padding: It's used as padding around joints or bony prominences to prevent pressure sores, and as a layer between the skin and a cast to absorb moisture. Prepping and Cleaning: Sterile gauze is used to clean and prepare skin areas before procedures or injections. It's also used in combination with antiseptic solutions to cleanse wounds or surgical sites. Drainage Management: After surgical procedures where drains are placed to remove excess fluid, sterile gauze may be used to cover and protect the drain site.

16. Sterile drapes play a crucial role in maintaining a sterile field during surgical procedures and other medical interventions. They are used to create a barrier between the sterile and non-sterile areas, preventing contamination and reducing the risk of infections. Here are some primary uses of sterile drapes : Creating Sterile Fields: Sterile drapes are used to cover the patient and surrounding areas to establish a sterile field. They're laid out over the patient's body or a specific area where the medical procedure will take place. This prevents contact between non-sterile surfaces (such as the patient's skin or non-sterile equipment) and the surgical site. Sterile Drapes

17. Barrier Protection: They act as a physical barrier to block microorganisms, bodily fluids, and contaminants from reaching the surgical site or the patient's body. This helps reduce the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) and cross-contamination . Maintaining Sterility: Sterile drapes are designed to be impervious to liquids and microorganisms. They maintain their sterile integrity throughout the procedure, ensuring that the surgical team operates in a controlled and clean environment . Facilitating Access: They are designed with openings or fenestrations that allow surgeons and medical personnel access to the specific area undergoing the procedure while keeping the surrounding environment sterile .

18. Absorbing Exudate: Sterile drapes may have absorbent qualities to manage fluids or exudate that may be produced during surgery, helping to keep the area dry and clean. Comfort and Safety: They provide a comfortable and safe environment for both the patient and the medical team by reducing the risk of contamination and infection transmission. Ease of Disposal: Once the procedure is completed, the used sterile drapes are disposed of properly as medical waste, maintaining infection control protocols

19. Sterile dressings are an essential component of wound care used in various medical settings. These dressings are designed to provide a clean and sterile environment for wounds, promoting healing and preventing infection. Here are several key uses of sterile dressings: Wound Protection: Sterile dressings act as a protective barrier over wounds, shielding them from external contaminants such as dirt, bacteria, and other potentially harmful agents. This barrier helps reduce the risk of infection and supports the body's natural healing process. Sterile dressing

20. Absorption of Exudate: Many sterile dressings are designed to absorb excess wound exudate (fluid that oozes from wounds). They help maintain a moist environment conducive to healing while preventing excessive moisture buildup that can impede healing or cause skin maceration . Promotion of Healing: Sterile dressings facilitate a moist wound environment, which is often beneficial for wound healing. Some dressings contain substances like hydrogels or alginate that aid in tissue regeneration and promote healing.

21. Reducing Pain and Discomfort: Dressings can provide a cushioning effect, reducing pain and discomfort associated with the wound. They also protect nerve endings, thereby minimizing pain from friction or contact. Minimizing Scarring: By keeping the wound moist and protected, certain dressings can help minimize scarring and support the growth of healthy tissue . Control of Bleeding: In cases of minor bleeding or after minor procedures, sterile dressings can be applied with pressure to help control bleeding until further medical attention is available.

22. Post-Surgical Care: Sterile dressings are often used after surgical procedures to cover incision sites. They help keep the area clean, minimize the risk of infection, and provide a barrier against external contaminants. Management of Burns: In the case of burns, sterile dressings can protect the burned area from infection while aiding in healing. Some dressings are specifically designed for burn care, providing a cooling effect and protecting against contamination.

23. Sterile syringes and needles are fundamental medical tools used in various healthcare settings for a wide range of purposes. Their primary use involves the safe and sterile administration of medications, fluids, or substances into the body. Here are some key uses of sterile syringes and needles: Medication Administration: Healthcare professionals use sterile syringes and needles to accurately measure and deliver medications to patients via various routes, including intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and intradermal (ID) injections . Sterile syringes and needles

24. Vaccinations and Immunizations: Sterile syringes and needles are crucial for administering vaccines and immunizations to prevent various infectious diseases. They're used by healthcare providers during routine vaccinations, mass vaccination campaigns, and in clinics or hospitals. Blood Collection: Sterile syringes equipped with appropriate needles are used to collect blood samples for diagnostic purposes, such as laboratory testing, blood donation, or monitoring health conditions . Intravenous Therapy: Sterile syringes are utilized for the preparation and administration of fluids, medications, or blood products through intravenous lines to maintain hydration, deliver medications, or support patients in critical care settings.

25. Diabetes Management: Patients with diabetes use sterile syringes and needles to self-administer insulin injections for blood sugar control. These syringes are specifically designed for insulin delivery, allowing precise measurement and accurate dosing . Aspiration and Irrigation: Sterile syringes are used for aspiration, which involves withdrawing fluids or substances from the body (e.g., aspirating fluids from body cavities during medical procedures) or for irrigating wounds or body parts with sterile solutions . Anesthesia Administration: Anesthesiologists use sterile syringes and needles to administer local anesthesia, nerve blocks, or epidural injections during surgical procedures or for pain management.

26. Preventive Measures: The use of sterile syringes and needles is crucial to prevent the transmission of blood borne infections such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C between patients or healthcare workers.

27. Antiseptic solutions, such as alcohol swabs, iodine solution (like povidone-iodine), chlorhexidine, and others, are essential in healthcare settings for disinfection, wound preparation, and infection prevention. These solutions have various applications and play a crucial role in maintaining cleanliness and preventing the spread of infections. Here are their primary uses: Skin Preparation: Antiseptic solutions are used to disinfect and prepare the skin before invasive procedures, injections, surgeries, or when inserting catheters or IV lines. This helps reduce the number of microorganisms on the skin and minimizes the risk of introducing bacteria into the body . Antiseptic solutions

28. Wound Cleansing: Antiseptic solutions are used to clean and disinfect wounds. They help remove debris, dirt, and bacteria from the wound site, reducing the risk of infection and promoting faster healing . Preoperative Skin Preparation: Before surgery, healthcare professionals use antiseptic solutions to disinfect the skin surrounding the surgical site. This process helps decrease the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs). Injection Site Disinfection: Healthcare providers use alcohol swabs or other antiseptic solutions to clean the skin before giving injections. This helps minimize the risk of introducing bacteria into the body through injections .

29. Catheter and IV Site Preparation: Prior to inserting catheters or starting IV lines, healthcare providers clean and disinfect the skin around the insertion site with antiseptic solutions to reduce the risk of catheter-related infections. Mucous Membrane Disinfection: In some medical procedures, antiseptic solutions may be used to disinfect mucous membranes before invasive interventions to reduce the risk of infections. Preventing Cross-Contamination: Antiseptic solutions are used to clean surfaces, medical equipment, and instruments to prevent the spread of infections between patients or healthcare settings. Dental Applications: Antiseptic solutions are used in dentistry for oral rinses, disinfecting oral tissues, and sterilizing dental equipment.

30. Sterile instruments, including forceps, scissors, scalpels, and other surgical tools, are essential in healthcare settings, particularly in surgical procedures and medical interventions. These instruments undergo sterilization processes to ensure they are free from microorganisms and safe to use on patients. Here are their primary uses: Surgical Procedures: Sterile instruments are used during surgical interventions, including incisions, dissections, suturing, and tissue manipulation. Surgeons and surgical teams rely on these instruments to perform precise and controlled procedures . Stérile instruments

31. Tissue Handling: Forceps and other sterile instruments are used to handle delicate tissues or organs during surgeries without causing damage or contamination. Hemostasis: Hemostatic forceps are used to clamp blood vessels, controlling bleeding during surgeries. They aid in achieving hemostasis and minimizing blood loss. Suturing and Wound Closure: Sterile instruments such as surgical scissors and needle holders are used for suturing wounds, closing incisions, and repairing tissues following surgical procedures or injuries.

32. Tissue Dissection: Instruments like dissecting scissors, dissectors, and retractors are used to dissect tissues and provide a clear view of the surgical site during procedures. Biopsy and Sample Collection: Sterile instruments are used to collect tissue samples or conduct biopsies for diagnostic purposes, helping to identify and diagnose various medical conditions. Dressing Changes: In some cases, sterile instruments are utilized during wound dressing changes, especially in complex wounds requiring careful handling and removal of dressings. Dental and Ophthalmic Procedures: Sterile instruments are crucial in dental and ophthalmic surgeries and treatments, including tooth extractions, root canals, cataract surgeries, and more.

33. Sterile trays or containers serve a vital role in healthcare settings by providing a clean and organized way to hold and organize smaller sterile items and instruments used during medical procedures, surgeries, or examinations. Here's how they are used and their significance: Organization of Instruments and Supplies: Sterile trays or containers are designed with compartments or sections that help organize and arrange various smaller sterile items, such as surgical instruments, needles, sutures, gauze, swabs, and other medical supplies. This organization aids healthcare professionals in easily accessing the required items during procedures without compromising sterility . Sterile trays or containers for organizing smaller items

34. Maintaining Sterility: These trays or containers are sterile and specifically designed to uphold the sterility of their contents. They are typically sealed or covered before use and opened in a controlled manner in sterile environments to prevent contamination. The sterile packaging ensures that the instruments and supplies within remain free from microorganisms. Facilitating Efficiency and Workflow: By having a designated space for each type of instrument or supply, sterile trays or containers help streamline procedures and improve workflow in medical settings. They enable healthcare providers to quickly identify and access the necessary items, enhancing efficiency during procedures.

35. Reducing Risk of Contamination: Organizing smaller items within sterile trays or containers minimizes the risk of contamination by preventing direct contact with non-sterile surfaces. This is particularly crucial during surgical procedures where maintaining a sterile field is paramount to prevent infections. Customization for Specific Procedures: Sterile trays or containers can be customized or preassembled with specific instruments and supplies tailored to particular procedures or medical specialties. This customization ensures that the required tools for a particular intervention or examination are readily available and organized for use .

36. Patient Safety and Infection Prevention: Using sterile trays or containers helps uphold patient safety by minimizing the risk of introducing pathogens or contaminants into the patient's body during medical interventions Ease of Handling and Disposal: After use, these trays or containers are disposed of following proper medical waste disposal protocols, preventing the reuse of disposable items and ensuring proper infection control measures.

37. A non-sterile trolley involves arranging equipment and supplies needed for procedures or tasks that don't require a sterile environment, such as in a regular medical examination, wound care, or general patient care. Here's a list of common equipment and supplies you might find on a non-sterile trolley setup : Non-Sterile trolley setup

38. Both latex and non-latex gloves should be available for healthcare workers to protect themselves and maintain cleanliness. Gloves

39. Disposable Aprons : To maintain personal hygiene and prevent contamination of clothing .

40. Sanitizers or soap and water for hand hygiene before and after patient contact. Hand Sanitizer/Hand washing Supplies

41. Wound Care Supplies Bandages , wound dressings, adhesive tapes, gauze, cotton balls, and swabs for basic wound care .

42. Non-sterile disinfectants, wipes, or solutions for cleaning surfaces and equipment . Cleaning Supplies

43. Stethoscope , blood pressure cuff, thermometer, reflex hammer, otoscope , and ophthalmoscope for routine examinations Basic Examination Tools

44. Patient Examination Paper/Disposable Sheets To cover and maintain cleanliness on examination beds or surfaces.

45. A secure container for disposal of needles, syringes, and other sharp medical instruments . Sharps Container

46. Tweezers , scissors, tongue depressors, and disposable masks for various procedures. General Medical Supplies

47. Non-sterile medications or topical creams frequently used for minor conditions or first aid. Medication

48. Pen , paper, or electronic devices for documenting patient information or notes. Documentation Tools :

49. For disposal of non-contaminated waste generated during procedures. Waste Bin/Trash Receptacle

50. Ruth Ann Ehrlich. 2020 Sterilisation in textbook of Patient Care in Radiology Seventh Edition, Elsevier New Delhi, P: 172– 178. Reference