Still Photography

Still Photography

1. Still Photography “The art or process of producing images by the action of radiant energy and especially light on a sensitive surface (such as film or an optical sensor).”

2. Lens Iris Shutter Image Sensor The Imaging Chain

3. Snapping a Picture You adjust the lens of the camera to focus the light bouncing off the subject. The iris controls the amount of light passing through the lens. When you press the shutter release, the shutter opens for the amount of time you’ve set, allowing the light to hit an image sensor that records the image.

4. Lens I ntegrated optical system made up of one or more individual elements of ground glass or molded plastic

5. Lenses Prime Lenses Zoom Lenses Have a single focal length Also called fixed focal-length lenses Can be adjusted to any focal length within a set optical range Also called variable focal-length lens.

6. Iris A djustable plastic or metal diaphragm that regulates the amount of light striking the image sensor

7. Shutter A movable curtain, plate, or other device that controls the amount of time the image sensor is exposed to light. Click image to play video

8. Image Sensor Captures light and converts it into a digital signal.

9. The Exposure Triangle There are three factors that you must consider when manually exposing your photographs. If you change one, it affects the other two settings. ISO Shutter Speed Aperture

10. H ow sensitive the digital sensor is to light. A higher number is a “faster” ISO as it is more sensitive to light than a lower number. HOWEVER, there is a tradeoff when using faster ISO. Though it allows you to take a picture with less light, the end result will look grainier. ISO Speed

11. Shutter speed refers to how long the shutter is open when you take a picture. The longer the shutter is open, the more light that reaches the digital sensor. A fast shutter speed can capture action, while a shutter speed slower than 1/60 th of a second will produce blur if any part of your subject is moving. Shutter Speed

12. Click image to play video

13. Slow Shutter Speed

14. Fast Shutter Speed

15. Aperture (f-stop) C ontrols the amount of light passing through the camera lens. The size of the opening is measured in f-stops. S maller f-stop = larger opening Each f-stop lets in ½ the amount of light as the number below it, and twice as much light as the number above it. Affects depth of field.

16. Depth of Field Refers to the amount of picture that is in focus. Shallow depth of field has a small range of focus Larger depth of field has a wide range of focus Is determined partly by the aperture setting. The smaller the aperture, the larger the depth of field.

17. Small f-stop = Shallow Depth of Field

18. Large f-stop = Deep Depth of Field

19. Click image to play video

20. Exposure Triangle Cheat Sheet

21. Overexposed Why might the photo be overexposed? Aperture is open too wide Shutter is open too long ISO is too fast OR any combination of the above

22. Underexposed Why might the photo be underexposed? Aperture is not open wide enough Shutter is not open long enough ISO is too slow OR any combination of the above

23. Correct Exposure