STIs andd Methods of Contraception .pptx

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1. GNED08: SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

2. 1. HIV/AIDS HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus A virus that compromises the immune system. There is currently no cure for HIV, but since the late 1980s, treatment in the form of antiretroviral drugs has been available to help reduce the impact of any symptoms. If left untreated, the disease caused by the infection has three phases. Each has different potential symptoms and complications. The CD4 cell count of a person who does not have HIV can be anything between 500 and 1500. People living with HIV who have a CD4 count over 500 are usually in pretty good health.

3. Human Immunodeficiency Virus

4. Human Immunodeficiency Virus

5. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AIDS – Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Clinically latent infection may progress to the third and final stage of HIV, known as AIDS. CD4 levels below 200 cells per cubic millimeter (mm3) of blood is one indication that HIV has progressed to its final stage. A normal range is 500 to 1,600 cells/mm3.

6. Human Immunodeficiency Virus

7. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Treatment of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using anti-HIV drugs. The standard treatment consists of a combination of drugs (often called "highly active antiretroviral therapy" or HAART) that suppress HIV replication.

8. Facts and myths about hiv /aids

9. Origin of hiv HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is traced back to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in primates. It was probably passed to humans when humans hunted these chimpanzees for meat and came in contact with their infected blood. Timeline: Early 20th century: Initial cross-species transmissions. Late 1950s-1960s: First known human cases of HIV-1. 1980s: Global recognition of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

10. Origin of hiv HIV-1: Originated from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Central Africa. Likely transmitted to humans through hunting and butchering chimpanzees.

11. Origin of hiv HIV-2: Originated from sooty mangabey monkeys ( Cercocebus atys ) in West Africa. Less virulent and primarily found in West Africa. Likely transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected monkey blood.

12. 2. Genital herpes Transmitted by skin-to-skin contact with infected skin in genitals, mouth, or anal area. A person with genital herpes can also spread the infection to other parts of his or her body by direct contact (i.e., by touching the sores and then touching other parts of the body).

13. 2. Genital herpes

14. 2. Genital herpes HSV-1

15. 2. Genital herpes HSV-2

16. 2. Genital herpes

17. 3. Genital herpes Herpes has no cure, but its severity varies over a person's lifetime. Some people may have no symptoms for long periods but can still shed the virus without symptoms.

18. 3. Genital warts Genital warts are small, rough lumps that can appear around the vagina, penis or anus. STI caused by the human papillomavirus HPV infection is a viral infection that commonly causes skin or mucous membrane growths (warts).

19. 3. Genital warts

20. 3. Genital warts l How Do People Get Genital Warts? The HPV that causes genital warts usually spreads through vaginal, oral, or anal sex or close sexual contact with the genital area. Even if there are no warts, HPV might still be active in the genital area and can spread to others. It is not always possible for people to know when they got infected with HPV. This is because: the virus can be in the body for months to years before warts develop they might have had warts before that weren't noticed

21. 3. Genital warts

22. 3. Genital warts

23. 4. Gonorrhea Caused by bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae 7 days appearance after exposure. Often no symptoms but commonly appear in the genital tract Abundant, usually yellowish or greenish , thick discharge

24. 4. Gonorrhea

25. 4. Gonorrhea

26. 4. Gonorrhea

27. 4. Gonorrhea Complications: Infertility Infection that spreads to the joints and other areas of your body. Fever, rash, skin sores, joint pain, swelling and stiffness are possible results. Increased risk of HIV/AIDS. Complications in babies. Babies who contract gonorrhea from their mothers during birth can develop blindness, sores on the scalp and infections.

28. 5. Syphilis Caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum

29. 5. Syphilis Primary

30. 5. Syphilis Secondary

31. 6. chlamydia Named for Chlamydia trachomatis Many females are asymptomatic although they can occur without sexual contact, urinary tract or bladder infection and vaginal yeast infection are common

32. 6. chlamydia

33. Methods of contraception

34. 1. Hormonal Method of contraception Oral contraceptives (Pills) b. The Patch

35. 1. Hormonal Method of contraception c. The Ring d. Implants

36. 1. Hormonal Method of contraception c. Injectable

37. 2. Barrier Methods a. Diaphragm

38. 2. Barrier Methods b. Cervical Caps

39. 2. Barrier Methods c. Male and Female Condoms or spermicides

40. 3. Behavioral methods Rhythm or Calendar Method Abstinence or celibacy Outercourse Withdrawal

41. 4. STERILIZATION Tubal ligation / Sterilization b. Vasectomy

42. 5. Intrauterine Device (IUD) Tub

43. 6. Emergency contraception ( ec )