Strengthening Multilevel Governance of Adaptation: Unveiling a New Global Inventory of NAP Coordination Mechanisms​

Diverse types of multilevel governance (MLG) coordination mechanisms for climate action (including adaptation, mitigation, and loss and damage) have emerged in the last three decades across the world. There is no “one-size-fits-all” model; rather, some trends and general approaches are emerging.

This webinar focuses on showcasing the different types of mechanisms that countries are putting into place to support adaptation, based on a recent global Inventory of Multilevel Governance Coordination Mechanisms in NAP processes.

1. Strengthening Multilevel Governance of Adaptation WEBINAR Tues day, Octo ber 21, 2025 Unveiling a New Global Inventory of NAP Coordination Mechanisms

2. Welcome! Housekeeping Details We invite you to introduce yourself in the chat. Feel free to share your name, organization, and where you are joining us from. ​ We have simultaneous interpretation from Portuguese and Spanish into English available. Today’s event will be recorded and made available through NAP Global Network’s website

3. About the NAP Global Network What we do: Our goal: Enhance national adaptation planning and action in developing countries   Funded by: Canada, Germany, Ireland, with additional support from ClimateWorks   Support national-level action on NAP development & implementation. Help countries learn from each other through South-South peer learning and exchange.                 developing countries have received direct technical support​. 70+                       people from 80+ countries have participated in peer learning and exchanges. 900+ Generate, synthesize, & share knowledge on NAP processes.                        knowledge materials have been produced. 350+

4. Webinar Agenda Opening and housekeeping Presentation: Inventory of Multilevel Governance Coordination Mechanisms ( NAP GN) Presentation: Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (Brazil) Panel discussion Q&A with panellists Closing

5. Strengthening Multilevel Governance of Adaptation Unveiling a New Global Inventory of NAP Coordination Mechanisms Mauricio Luna-Rodríguez Senior Policy Advisor, IISD/NAP GN

6. Outline of the presentation  What are Multilevel Governance (MLG) Coordination Mechanisms? Some key findings of our research What role do MLG coordination mechanisms play in the NAP process?

7. What are Multilevel Governance (MLG) Coordination Mechanisms? Permanent institutional, regulatory, and procedural arrangements Across policy sectors (e.g., agriculture, health, water, etc.) Across different levels of government (national, subnational, local) Among diverse actors (government, civil society, private sector, etc.) Why are they important? They are essential to ensure that climate adaptation efforts are coherent, effective, and inclusive. They promote collaboration and alignment :

8. The Global Inventory Selection criteria: They are permanent mechanisms that are present in developing countries that have submitted their NAP document to UNFCCC They are officially mandated by national sovereign governments as coordination and/or advisory bodies on climate change policy. Note: The list of mechanisms is non-comprehensive, as we have not included mechanisms that do not fulfill this criteria (for example, project-specific mechanisms).

9. Typology Mechanisms were classified along two dimensions: 1. Type of mechanism: according to the scope of their responsibilities Climate-exclusive (mitigation, adaptation, L&D) Non-climate-exclusive (e.g., sustainable development) 2. Type of coordination: according to the range of actors involved Vertical (cross-scale) Horizontal (cross-sectoral) Multi-actor (multistakeholder) Multidimensional (includes at least two of the above)

10. Out of 60 countries that had submitted their NAP document to the UNFCCC as of 31 March 2025, 51 countries had created a permanent MLG coordination mechanism that fulfilled our selection criteria. KEY FINDINGS 85 % % of developing countries have a permanent multilevel coordination mechanism

11. The national-level mandates that create the MLG coordination mechanisms emerge from a variety of administrative and legal instruments, such as national policy documents , executive decrees , or legislative decisions .   How have mechanisms been established over time?

12. INTERACTIVE WORLD MAP

13. EXAMPLE: Classification filters

14. What role do MLG coordination mechanisms play in the NAP process? Some of the responsibilities that have been identified fall under the  four dimensions of the iterative adaptation cycle (IAC) supporting: Climate risk assessments Planning of adaptation measures Implementation of actions Monitoring , evaluation, and learning

15. Thank you! Email: [email protected] Website: www.napglobalnetwork.org NAP Global Network

16. COP30 Action agenda: Objective 11 on Multilevel governance Inamara Mélo Director of Adaptation and Resilience & Cities Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change – Brazil

17. From Commitment to Action: Multilevel Governance

18. Axis 4: Building Resilience in Cities, Infrastructure and Water Key Objective 11: Multilevel Governance Ministry of Environment and Climate Change & Ministry of Cities Solution: Multilevel, multisectoral and participatory governance model for implementing the Paris Agreement and the National Climate Strategy Objectives: Strengthen national climate strategies by integrating subnational governments into NDCs and global goals Promote inclusive participation of subnational governments and civil society in shaping and implementing mitigation and adaptation measures Strengthen institutions to address climate change across diverse national contexts Foster the use of data and indicators for evidence-based decision-making Expand access to climate finance for subnational governments and financial intermediaries.

19. Stronger and more resilient institutions with stable multilevel governance Climate-resilient territories with reduced human and economic losses Accelerated low-carbon transition aligned with the 1.5°C pathway Expanded climate finance ecosystems with predictable subnational access Social inclusion and equity, protecting vulnerable groups and workers Strengthened capacity to prevent forced displacement, protect climate migrants, and enable dignified resettlement Knowledge and innovation culture institutionalized in policy-making Greater trust and legitimacy in climate governance, enhancing international leadership Long-term Impacts

20. Where the proposal fits within COP30 Connections with the GST (p.50/63/64): South–South cooperation (data, technology, capacity-building, and finance). Equity/justice and social participation as quality criteria. Adaptation ambition articulated in NDCs, NAPs, and sectoral policies. Global Climate Frameworks: UNFCCC | Paris Agrement | GST | GGA | SDGs (3, 6, 9, 11, 13, 15) Focus on implementation, adaptation, and resilience with co-benefits (climate, nature, health). Multilevel Governance Instruments: CHAMP (Multilevel Governance): Political-technical arrangement to incorporate subnational contributions into national targets and accelerate implementation. LGMA Constituency (UNFCCC): Official channel for local and regional governments under the Paris Agreement, ensuring alignment with recognized multilevel engagement mechanisms. Ministerial Meeting on Urbanization and Climate Change (UN-Habitat): High-level political space to advance multilevel climate governance, where the proposal contributes as a Brazilian delivery towards COP30.

21. Support from International Initiatives and Other Stakeholders National and International Partners Engaged Initiatives Already Confirmed (COP30 Presidency) FMDV – Global Fund for Cities Development ( Country Platforms for Localizing Finance and Global Alliance of Subnational Development Banks - SDBs) CCFLA – Cities Climate Finance Leadership Alliance UNDRR – UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Initiatives already supporting in Brazil and / or interested in engaging with the acceleration plan : C40, GIZ – German Agency for International Cooperation , GCF – Green Climate Fund Under2 Coalition, GCoM – Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy, ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability, FNP – National Front of Mayors ( Brazil ), CNM – National Confederation of Municipalities ( Brazil ), ABEMA – Brazilian Association of State Environmental Entities , ABM – Brazilian Association of Municipalities , CAF – Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean , OTCA – Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization , UN-Habitat, WRI / Finance Accelerator , Banco do Brasil, UNDP, ACNUR, UNEP. Partners we are seeking to engage with : BNDES – Brazilian Development Bank, IDB – Inter-American Development Bank Caixa Econômica Federal, Banco da Amazônia, Desenvolve SP – Development Agency of São Paulo, BRDE – Regional Development Bank of the Far South, Banco de Minas Gerais (BDMG), State Governors ’ Consortia ,   Gap Fund / World Bank / Other Regional MDBs ( AfDb , AsDB )

22. Climate Federalism in Brazil’s NDC (2024) Commitment to Climate Federalism among the Union, States and Municipalities Plano Clima – National Policy on Climate Change (PNMC) Law 14.904/2024 – Guidelines for adaptation plans Resolution No. 3 of the Council of the Federation (July 3, 2024) Signatory of the CHAMP initiative The climate agenda is established as a government priority at all levels, committing entities to continuously, progressively, and collaboratively develop plans, instruments, and targets. State Architecture The NDC, underpinned by the Plano Clima, commits all three branches of government to climate action. It promotes local actions for mitigation, adaptation, and resilience, reinforcing the institutional foundations of climate federalism. Robust Climate Governance A whole-of-government / whole-of-society approach, with emphasis on mechanisms such as: CIM, the political-strategic space for Brazil’s climate policy, acting in an intersectoral and multilevel dialogue with diverse stakeholders Green and Resilient Cities Program Council of the Federation

23. Signatory countries develop enhanced NDCs , with strong subnational content and the participation of states and municipalities throughout the process. In CHAMP countries , subnational governments move forward, mobilize resources, and deliver more ambitious and inclusive climate action across their territories. Launched at COP28 The Coalition for High Ambition Multilevel Partnerships (CHAMP)

24. Motivation: Urban ambition in NDCs remains insufficient Coordinated action across levels of government is critical to close mitigation gaps and advance adaptation Cities have the potential to reduce 40% of GHG emissions considering current commitments and the 1.5 °C pathway, but only 27% of NDCs include robust urban content. CHAMP Membership: 77 national governments 34% of the world’s population 58% of global GDP 36% of global emissions

25. Brazil in the Context of the CHAMP Initiative First country to reference CHAMP and subnational action in its updated NDC (Nov/2024) Multisectoral, multilevel, and participatory climate strategy, recognizing the need for strategic coordination across sectors such as health, urban planning, food security, agriculture, and energy Coordination structures and stakeholder dialogues under consolidation, such as the Interministerial Committee on Climate Change with its consultative chambers; as well as programs and initiatives aligned with multilevel governance, such as AdaptaCidades (implementation of the National Adaptation Plan) CHAMP Target: demonstrated implementation in ≥10 countries by COP30 Brazil positions itself to contribute as a demonstration case.

26. A Multilevel, Multisectoral and Participatory Governance Model to Implement the Climate Strategy

27. Federal Government States Municipalities STAKEHOLDERS International Initiatives Civil Society Academic Institutions Development Banks Climate Federalism: Operationalization of the Climate Plan Guidelines Technical Assistance Finance Risk Mapping Territorial Assessment Capacity-building A Multilevel, Multisectoral and Participatory Governance Model to Implement the Climate Strategy Innovation and Local Knowledge

28. National Climate Strategy – Brazil’s Climate Plan (2024–2035)

29. A Multilevel, Multisectoral and Participatory Governance Model to Implement the Climate Strategy - Adaptation Plan Illustrative Operational Arrangement for the Implementation of the Adaptation Plan

30. Multilevel arrangements (ministries, states, municipalities, municipal associations, city networks, academia, civil society, and the private sector) Data and prioritization Means of implementation (blended finance, minimum standards, capacity-building) Local delivery with MRV National and Global Guidelines (NDC / NAP / Climate Plan) Multilevel governance generates climate security, well-being, and inclusive local development From Commitment to Action

31. Why now: Focus on action and delivery , not only on pledges Climate Plan principles ( climate justice, just transition , well-being ) demand territorial implementation CHAMP enables subnational content in NDCs and political-technical arrangements for collaboration Results that Matter for People: Climate security : fewer losses and damages; water, energy, and food security Public and private funding and financing mobilization Well-being : health, water and sanitation, social protection, safe public spaces Inclusive local development : green jobs, productive inclusion, social participation Multilevel governance fosters climate security, well-being, and inclusive local development From commitment to Action

32. Objective: Commit national governments to integrate subnational entities into climate strategies, aligning territorial actions with global commitments. Acceleration Plan Objectives and Targets Barriers/Challenges to be Overcome for Acceleration Short-term Target: 100% CHAMP members signal adoption of the Solution by COP30

33. Challenges / Barriers to the implementation of the Solution Lack of articulation and coordination mechanisms among different levels of government for climate action Data and information gaps for decision-making, limiting evidence-based planning, particularly in Global South countries Low response capacity and institutional fragility at the local level to address climate risks Bottlenecks in mobilizing means of implementation in the territory, including finance

34. Risk-informed Decision-Making There is a national technical basis; however, data and information gaps remain for decision-making at the local level. Standards & Taxonomies The solution proposes minimum standards and MRV as a guideline; however, implementation still needs to be operationalized at both national and subnational levels. Knowledge & Capacities The central barrier is low response capacity and institutional fragility among subnational entities. Inclusive Governance & Decision-Making Design Lack of articulation and coordination mechanisms between levels of government. Partnerships & Colaboration There are initiatives and partners with global and local presence, but structuring is still lacking for network effect and coordinated execution. Diagnosis: Levers to Accelerate the Proposed Solution Financing There are bottlenecks in mobilizing means of implementation at the territorial level and a need to prioritize measures and identify sources. Policy & Regulation Brazil referenced CHAMP in its NDC and signaled an architecture (CIM, Interfederative Chamber); the challenge is to operationalize binding routines and instruments with states and municipalities. The challenge remains globally. LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM LOW

35. Knowledge & Capacities Standards & Taxonomies Risk-informed Decision-Making Risk-informed Decision-Making (multilevel) Public-Private Finance (Means of Implementation) Partnerships & Colaboration Policy & Regulation Key Levers to Accelerate the Solution Public Opinion

36. Hands-on Workshop: Shaping the Acceleration Plan Together Associação Brasileira de Entidades Estaduais de Meio Ambiente (ABEMA) Brazilian Association of State Environmental Entities Associação Brasileira de Municípios (ABM) Brazilian Association of Municipalities Confederação Nacional de Municípios (CNM) National Confederation of Municipalitie Frente nacional dos Prefeitos (FNP) National Front of Mayors Institute for Climate and Society (iCS) COP30 Presidency Secretariat for Institutional Relations of the Presidency of the Republic ICLEI, C40, GIZ, WRI Under2 Coalition Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy ( GCoM ) ONU-HABITAT UN Office for Disarter Risk Reduction (UNDRR) International Organization for Migration (IOM) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (OTCA) Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MMA) & Ministry of Cities (MCid) 42 participants /17 organizations

37. Thank You ! Inamara Melo Director for Adaptation and Reslience in Cities

38. Panel discussion Multilevel governance coordination mechanisms: country experiences

39. Moderator Mauricio Luna Senior Policy Advisor, NAP Global Network, IISD Panellists Andrea Bellota Adaptation Specialist Ministry of Environment, Peru (National Commission on Climate Change, CNCC in Spanish) Calvin Kollie National Climate Change Secretariat, Liberia (National Climate Change Steering Committee-NCCSC)

40. Question and Answer Please write your questions and comments in the chat.

41. Thank you! Email: [email protected] Website: www.napglobalnetwork.org NAP Global Network