structural glazing and curtain wall.pptx

structural glazing and curtain wall
MATERIAL USED
parts of structural glazing and curtain wall
history of glazing
glass description
case study according material

1. GLAZING

2. WHAT IS GLAZING ? GLAZING , WHICH DERIVES FROM THE MIDDLE ENGLISH FOR 'GLASS', IS A PART OF A WALL OR WINDOW MADE OF GLASS. GLAZING IS WHEN YOU PAINT A THIN LAYER OF MINERALS AND GLASS ONTO A FIRED OR UNFIRED CERAMIC PIECE. THE ACT OF INSTALLING GLASS IN WINDOWS, DOORS OR FIXED OPENINGS. IN PRACTICALLY , IT WOULD BE THE ACTUAL INSTALLATION OF A PIECE OF GLASS WITHIN A FRAME . INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE HISTORY GLAZES HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED TO HAVE BEEN USED IN THE DECORATION OF CERAMICS AS FAR BACK AS THE EARLY EGYPTIAN PERIOD . POWDERED GLASS WAS ORIGINALLY USED AS THE BASE OF HISTORIC GLAZES . MINERALS AND WATER-SOLUBLE SALTS WERE ADDED WHICH ALTERED THE COLOUR AND TEXTURE OF THE FINAL PRODUCT.

3. WHY GLAZING ? STRUCTURALLY GLAZED SYSTEMS CREATE A GREATER TRANSPARENCY THAN TRADITIONAL CAPTURED SYSTEMS. THERE ARE LESS VISUAL INTERRUPTIONS DUE TO THE LACK OF METAL ON THE EXTERIOR (AND POTENTIALLY THE INTERIOR), CREATING A SEAMLESS, CONTINUOUS GLASS LOOK . TRADITIONAL CAPTURED CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMS HAVE PRESSURE PLATES AND CAPS THAT CAN CONDUCT LARGE AMOUNTS OF HEAT IN OR OUT OF THE FAÇADE DEPENDING ON THE SEASON. SINCE THERE IS LITTLE TO NO EXPOSED EXTERIOR METAL, THERE IS ALSO LESS THERMAL BRIDGING WITH STRUCTURAL GLAZING, SAVING ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION COSTS . NEW TECHNOLOGY AND BETTER INTEGRATION WITH DAY LIGHTING AND CLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEMS ALLOW ADVANCED GLAZING IN BUILDING FACADES TO 1 ) IMPROVE THE COMFORT AND PERFORMANCE OF BUILDING OCCUPANTS, 2 ) ASSIST IN NATIONAL AND GLOBAL EFFORTS TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO GLOBAL WARMING. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

4. MATERIALS TO BE USED :- GLASS - 100% RECYCLABLE MATERIAL. ALUMINUM - LESS WEIGHT, BUT HIGH STRENGTH. SILICONE SEALANTS - SAND GEL USED FOR BONDING GLASS. EPDM - ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DI AMINE MONOMER . WEATHERPROOF JOINT SEALANTS. TO PREVENT WATER AND AIR ENTERING. TEMPERATURE UNTO 110 DEGREE KELVIN . ALUMINIUM STAINLESS STEEL - USED AS FRAMING MATERIALS INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

5. MATERIALS :- STRUCTURAL FRAMING : THE STRUCTURAL FRAMING IS NORMALLY FABRICATED FROM AN ALUMINUM ALLOY AND MAY BE EITHER ANODIZED OR FINISHED WITH AN ARCHITECTURAL COATING. ANODIZED COATINGS ON ALUMINUM TEND TO BE VARIABLE, AND MAY CREATE PROBLEMS FOR SILICONE ADHESION IF NOT STRICTLY MONITORED. GLASS : GLASS TYPE NORMALLY USED IS CLEAR VISION GLASS , WHICH MAY BE TINTED OR TREATED WITH A REFLECTIVE COATING. OTHER TYPES OF GLASS CONSIDERED BY THE DESIGN PROFESSIONAL INCLUDE: ANNEALED, HEAT-STRENGTHENED, TEMPERED, LAMINATED, OR INSULATING GLASS. STRUCTURAL SILICONE SEALANTS : THE SEALANT SELECTION IS MADE BASED ON SEVERAL FACTORS, INCLUDING: THE TYPE OF SYSTEM BEING USED , THE DESIGN PARAMETERS TO BE MET AND, ONLY HIGH` STRENGTH SILICONE SEALANTS SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED TESTED FOR STRUCTURAL GLAZING SHALL BE USED. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

6. STRUCTURAL GLAZING 2) CURTAIN WALLS 1) BOLTED GLAZING 2) CABLE STAYED GLAZING 3) FIN SUPPORTED GLAZING GLAZING 1) STICK SYSTEM 2) UNITIZED SYSTEM STRUCTURAL GLAZING NON-STRUCTURAL GLAZING BOLTED GLAZING FIN SUPPORTED GLAZING CABLE STAYED GLAZING DOUBLE GLAZED 4) DOUBLE GLAZED INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION DIFFRENCE SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA

7. STRUCTURAL GLAZING :- STRUCTURAL GLAZING, IN THEIR SIMPLEST FORM. CONSISTING OF GLASS THAT IS BONDED TO A STRUCTURE WITHOUT THE USE OF CONTINUOUSLY GASKET ALUMINUM PRESSURE PLATES . WHY STRUCTURAL GLAZING ? CREATE A GREATER TRANSPARENCY . LESS VISUAL INTERRUPTIONS. SEAMLESS, CONTINUOUS GLASS LOOK. LESS THERMAL BRIDGING WITH STRUCTURAL GLAZING, SAVING ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION COSTS. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

8. USED WHERE MAXIMUM VISIBILITY IS REQUIRED . CAN BE CUSTOMIZED FOR VARIOUS DESIGNED BY USING SPIDER GLAZING HARDWARE. TOUGHENED GLASS AND VARIOUS OTHER COMPONENTS INVOLVED 12MM ,15MM , 19 MM TOUGHEND GLASS PROVIDES SAFETY AND SECURITY FOR THE END USERS. STRUCTURAL SUPPORT SHOULD BE CREATED WITH MILD STEEL OR STAINLESS STEEL FOR LARGER ELEVATIONS. 4 WAY SPIDERS,2 WAY SPIDERS AND SINGLE WAY SPIDER FITTINGS TO FACILITATE VARIOUS SPIDER GLAZING DESIGN OPTIONS. IN SPIDER GLAZING CONCEPT FIN GLASS OF 15MM IS USED AS DEAD WEIGHT AND PRESSURE WITH STANDING FORCE. 1. BOLTED GLAZING 2. FIN SUPPORTED GLAZING MAJOR CONCEPT FOR FACADE GLAZING ALL THE EXTERIOR DESIGN CONCEPTS CAN BE DONE WITH SPIDER GLAZING CONCEPTS. ONLY OPTION AVAILABLE FOR THE LARGER OPENING IN ELEVATION. ACT AS STRUCTURAL SUPPORT FOR ANY HIGH-END EXTERIOR DESIGNS. GLASS FINS REPRESENT THE EARLIEST FORM OF THE STRUCTURAL GLASS A GLASS FIN IS REPLACES A FRAME OR MULLION. THE REACTION LOAD TRANSFERRED TO THE TOP & BOTTOM OF THE FIN SHOE. FIN SYSTEMS ARE ALSO DESIGNED WITH BOLTED JOINTS.IT CREATE GREATER VISIBILITY & INCREASE THE NATURAL LIGHT IN INTERIORS.

9. ` TENSION FACADES USE HIGH TENSILE CABLES OR STAINLESS STEEL RODS TO IMPOSE THE LOADS OF THE FACADE. DECREASES THE AMOUNT OF SOLID STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS VISIBLE ON THE PROJECT, THEREFORE INCREASING THE TRANSPARENCY OF THE FACADE . THE TWO MAIN TYPES IN THE INDUSTRY ARE TENSION ROD FACADES AND CABLE NET WALLS. DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOWS OR DOORS ARE UPVC FRAMES FITTED WITH TWO PANES OF GLASS WITH A SPACE OF 12MM TO 16MM BETWEEN THEM.  THE GAP BETWEEN THE TWO PANES IS HELD IN PLACE WITH A SPACE BAR AND CONTAINS EITHER NORMAL AIR OR IT CAN BE FILLED WITH ARGON GAS . THIS STRUCTURAL SYSTEM SUPPORTS GLASS BY A NET GEOMETRY OF PRE-TENSIONED CABLES. THE GLASS UNIT IS SEALED TO BE AIRTIGHT AND FITTED INTO THE UPVC FRAME. CABLE NETS ARE REMARKABLY MINIMAL STRUCTURES WHEN THE BOUNDARY STEEL REQUIRED TO ACCOMMODATE TYPICALLY HIGH PRESTRESS LOADS IS IGNORED.  THE IDEA BEHIND DOUBLE GLAZING IS THAT TWO PANES OF GLASS, PLUS THE AIR GAP BETWEEN THEM, ACT AS A LAYER OF INSULATION INHIBITING THE PASSAGE OF HEAT OR COLD FROM OUTSIDE INTO YOUR HOME, THUS MAKING IT ENERGY EFFICIENT. CABLE PRESTRESS MUST BE APPLIED IN THE FIELD VIA COMPLEX HYDRAULIC JACKING PROCESSES. INSTALLATION MEANS AND METHODS ARE A PRIMARY CONSIDERATION FOR ALL CABLE STRUCTURES. TRIPLE GLAZING IS BEING USED TO INCREASE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A BUILDING 3.CABLE SUPPORT GLAZING 4. DOUBLE GLAZED

10. STRUCUTURAL GLAZING ACCESSORIES (A)MULLIONS (VERTICAL MEMBER)- MULLIONS ARE PROVIDED BASICALLY TO TRANSFER THE DEAD LOAD OF THE CURTAIN WALL. (B)TRANSOMS (HORIZONTAL MEMBER) - TRANSOMS ARE ALUMINIUM SECTIONS PROVIDED IN BETWEEN THE MULLIONS HORIZONTALLY. (C)SILICONE SEALANTS -SILICONE SEALANTS ARE USED TO PREVENT THE PASSAGE OF MOISTURE, AIR, DUST AND HEAT THROUGH ALL THE JOINTS. (D)SETTING BLOCKS - SETTING BLOCKS ARE USED TO PROVIDE SUPPORT IN THE RELATION TO THE SIZE OF GLASS, GLAZING TECHNIQUES AND CONDITION OF USE. (E) LOCATION BLOCKS -EDGES OF THE GLASS, TO PREVENT MOVEMENT OF THE GLASS WITHIN THE FRAME INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

11. A CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM IS AN OUTER COVERING OF A BUILDING IN WHICH THE OUTER WALLS ARE NON- STRUCTURAL, BUT ONLY KEEP THE WEATHER OUT AND THE OCCUPANTS IN. CURTAIN WALLS ARE NON STRUCTURAL MEMBERS AND ARE MADE OF A LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIAL REDUCING CONSTRUCTION COSTS. THE CURTAIN WALL FAÇADE DOES NOT CARRY ANY DEAD LOAD WEIGHT FROM THE BUILDING OTHER THAN ITS OWN DEAD LOAD WEIGHT. CURTAIN WALL COMMON TYPES OF CURTAIN WALL SYSTEMS FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS STICK SYSTEM UNIT SYSTEM UNIT AND MULLION SYSTEM COLUMN-COVER AND SPANDREL SYSTEM VARIOUS TYPES OF GLASS WALL SYSTEM INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

12. ADVANTAGES: GREAT FLEXIBILITY - SITE MODIFICATION IS POSSIBLE. DISADVANTAGES: - DIFFICULTIES IN QUALITY CONTROL. - RELIES HEAVILY ON SITE WORKMANSHIP. - DIFFICULT TO ACCOMMODATE BUILDING MOVEMENT. - DIFFICULT TO CONTROL WATER DRAINAGE TO INDIVIDUAL FLOORS. - TOO MANY LOSS PARTS AND COMPONENTS ON SITE. - POOR ACOUSTIC AND THERMAL INSULATION. - DETERIORATION OF EXPANSION AND SEALANT JOINTS. Vertical curtain wall Convex contoured Curtain wall Concave contoured curtain Curtain wall APPLICATION OF CURTAIN WALL VERTICAL ELEMENTS : MULLIONS HORIZONTAL ELEMENTS : RAILS TYICALLY FRAME SHORT DISTANCE FROM MULLION TO MULLION AND TRANSFER GRAVITY WEIGHT OF GLASS TO MULLIONS INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

13. UNITIZED SYSTEMS UNITIZED CURTAIN WALLS ENTAIL FACTORY FABRICATION AND ASSEMBLY OF PANELS AND MAY INCLUDE FACTORY GLAZING. UNITIZED CURTAIN WALL HAS THE ADVANTAGES OF: SPEED; LOWER FIELD INSTALLATION COSTS; AND QUALITY CONTROL WITHIN AN INTERIOR CLIMATE CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT. THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS ARE TYPICALLY REALIZED ON LARGE PROJECTS OR IN AREAS OF HIGH FIELD LABOR RATES. ADVANTAGES WATERPROOFING EASY FOR INSTALLATION ACCOMMODATES BUILDING MOVEMENTS. SHORTER CONSTRUCTION DURATION. WORK MUCH EARLIER DISADVANTAGES THE INSTALLATION WORK NEED TO BE DONE BY HIGH-SKILLED WORKERS THE PRICE OF UNITIZED CURTAIN WALL IS HIGHER THAN STICKS. THE TRANSPORTATION OF PANELS IS MORE COMPLICATED. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

14. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

15. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

16. STICK SYSTEM THE VAST MAJORITY OF CURTAIN WALLS ARE INSTALLED LONG PIECES (REFERRED TO AS STICKS) BETWEEN FLOORS VERTICALLY AND BETWEEN VERTICAL MEMBERS HORIZONTALLY. STICK CURTAIN WALLS ARE PROCESSED, MANUFACTURED AT FACTORY AND ASSEMBLED, INSTALLED AND COMPLETED AT SITE. THIS KIND OF CURTAIN WALL CAN BE USED FOR ALL OUTSIDE SURFACE TYPES OF BUILDINGS AND ESPECIALLY SUITABLE FOR SOPHISTICATED AND MULTIPLE JOINT STRUCTURE ARCHITECTURE. ADVANTAGES WATERPROOFING EASY FOR TRANSPORTATION DISADVANTAGES DIFFICULTIES IN QUALITY CONTROL. RELIES HEAVILY ON SITE WORKMANSHIP. REQUIRES DIFFERENT TRADE MEN DIFFICULT TO CONTROL WATER DRAINAGE TO INDIVIDUAL FLOORS. TOO MANY LOSS PARTS AND COMPONENTS ON SITE. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

17. DIFFRENCE BETWEEN UNITIZED CURTAIN WALLS AND STICK CURTAIN WALLS :- STICK CURTAINS WALLS UNITIZED CURTAIN WALL UNITIZED CURTAIN SYSTEMS ARE COMPOSED OF LARGE GLASS UNITS THAT ARE CREATED AND GLAZED WITHIN A FACTORY AND THEN SENT TO THE CONSTRUCTION SITE. ONCE ON SITE, THE UNITS CAN THEN BE HOISTED ONTO ANCHORS CONNECTED TO THE BUILDING. SINCE THERE IS NO ON-SITE GLAZING, ANOTHER MAJOR BENEFIT OF USING A UNITIZED SYSTEM IS THE SPEED OF INSTALLATION . THE SYSTEM CAN BE INSTALLED IN A THIRD OF THE TIME OF A STICK-BUILT SYSTEM. STICK CURTAINS WALLS THE VAST MAJORITY OF LOW TO MID-RISE CURTAIN WALLS ARE INSTALLED IN THIS WAY. LONG PIECES OF ALUMINUM ARE INSERTED BETWEEN FLOORS VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY BETWEEN VERTICAL MEMBERS TO SUPPORT AND TRANSFER THE LOAD OF THE GLASS BACK TO STRUCTURE. MOST OF THE ERECTION AND GLAZING FOR A STICK-BUILT SYSTEM IS DONE ON SITE. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

18. STRUCTURAL GLAZING IS A SYSTEM OF BONDING GLASS TO A BUILDING'S STRUCTURAL FRAMING MEMBERS UTILIZING A HIGH STRENGTH, HIGH PERFORMANCE SILICONE SEALANT SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED AND TESTED FOR STRUCTURAL GLAZING IN STRUCTURAL GLAZING APPLICATIONS, DYNAMIC WIND LOADS ARE TRANSFERRED FROM THE GLASS, BY THE STRUCTURAL . STRUCTURAL GLASS FAÇADE TECHNOLOGY EMBRACES A DESIGN OBJECTIVE OF HIGH TRANSPARENCY AND EXPRESSED STRUCTURE , AND INCORPORATES SOME TYPE OF GLASS AS THE CLADDING MATERIAL. THE FACADES ARE USED IN LONGER SPANNING APPLICATIONS WHERE AN ALUMINUM EXTRUSION AS THE PRIMARY SPANNING MEMBER BECOMES IMPRACTICAL OR IMPOSSIBLE. A CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM IS AN OUTER COVERING OF A BUILDING IN WHICH THE OUTER WALLS ARE NON-STRUCTURAL, UTILIZED TO KEEP THE WEATHER OUT AND THE OCCUPANTS IN. SINCE THE CURTAIN WALL IS NON-STRUCTURAL, IT CAN BE MADE OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS , THEREBY REDUCING CONSTRUCTION COSTS. CURTAIN WALLS TYPICALLY SPAN ONLY FROM FLOOR TO FLOOR , THE PRIMARY SPANNING MEMBER BEING AN ALUMINUM EXTRUSION. CURTAIN WALLS ARE SEPARATE FROM THE BUILDING FRAMING SYSTEM, BUT ATTACHED TO AND SUPPORTED BY IT. THE PANEL STRUCTURE MAY BE EXPRESSED , OR COMPLETELY COVERED ON BOTH THE INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF THE BUILDING. STRUCTURAL GLAZING CURTAIN WALL DIFFRENCE BETWEEN STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALLS INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

19. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE GLASS IS AN NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLID WHICH IS OFTEN TRANSPARENT AND HAS WIDESPREAD PRACTICAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, AND DECORATIVE USAGE IN THINGS LIKE WINDOW PANES. GLASS EXTRA CLEAR GLASS TOUGHENED GLASS(TEMPERED) DECORATIVE GLASS

20. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

21. PATERNS IN GLASS BLOCK INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

22. PATERNS IN GLASS BLOCK GLASS ALUMINIUM CURTAIN WALLS THE GLASS AND ALUMINUM CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM IS A MARVEL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE. A TOTALLY NON COMBUSTIBLE SYSTEM OF GLASS AND ALUMINUM REQUIRING MINIMAL MAINTENANCE AND PROVIDING YEARS OF AESTHETIC QUALITY AND BUILDING ENVELOPE PERFORMANCE. IT IS THE MOST ADVANCED EXTERIOR WINDOW WALL SYSTEM AVAILABLE FOR BUILDINGS. THE GLASS AND ALUMINUM CURTAIN WALL IS DESIGNED TO RESIST WIND AND EARTHQUAKE LOADS, TO LIMIT AIR LEAKAGE, CONTROL VAPOUR DIFFUSION, PREVENT RAIN PENETRATION, PREVENT SURFACE AND CAVITY CONDENSATION AND LIMIT EXCESSIVE HEAT LOSS (OR HEAT GAIN). IT IS FURTHER DESIGNED TO RESIST NOISE AND FIRE. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

23. THE EXTERIOR CLADDING IS COMPRISED OF REFLECTIVE GLAZING WITH ALUMINUM AND TEXTURED STAINLESS STEEL SPANDREL PANELS AND STAINLESS STEEL VERTICAL TUBULAR FINS. CLOSE TO 26,000 GLASS PANELS , EACH INDIVIDUALLY HAND-CUT, WERE USED IN THE EXTERIOR CLADDING OF BURJ KHALIFA. OVER 300 CLADDING SPECIALISTS FROM CHINA WERE BROUGHT IN FOR THE CLADDING WORK ON THE TOWER. THE CLADDING SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO WITHSTAND DUBAI'S EXTREME SUMMER HEAT, AND TO FURTHER ENSURE ITS INTEGRITY , A WORLD WAR II AIRPLANE ENGINE WAS USED FOR DYNAMIC WIND AND WATER TESTING. THE CURTAIN WALL OF BURJ KHALIFA IS EQUIVALENT TO 17 FOOTBALL (SOCCER) FIELDS OR 25 AMERICAN FOOTBALL FIELDS. BURJ KHALIFA INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

24. A 1:500 SCALE CLADDING PRESSURE TAPS . THE LOCATION OF EACH TAP WAS DETERMINED AND AGREED IN CONSULTATION BETWEEN SOM AND THE RWDI ENGINEERS. THE MODEL WAS PLACED ON A TURNTABLE IN THE WIND TUNNEL. THE TUNNEL WAS CONFIGURED WITH THE EXISTING SURROUNDING BUILDINGS , THEN THE TUNNEL WAS CONFIGURED WITH THE SURROUNDING BUILDINGS OF THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT IN PLACE. MEASUREMENTS WERE TAKEN FOR 36 WIND DIRECTION SPACED 10 DEGREES APART . THE MEASURED DATA IS CONVERTED INTO PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS BASED ON THE MEASURED MEAN DYNAMIC PRESSURE OF THE WIND ABOVE THE BOUNDARY LAYER . THE STATISTICAL DATA OF THE LOCAL WIND CLIMATE ACCOUNTS FOR THE VARIABLE EXTREME WIND SPEEDS WITH WIND DIRECTION . INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE

25. ADVANCED GLAZING'S WILL BE DYNAMIC ELEMENTS IN FACADES THAT ARE FULLY INTEGRATED INTO BUILDING OPERATIONS, PROVIDING DAY LIGHTING AND NATURAL VENTILATION. BY USING THE MODERN TECHNOLOGY OF GLAZING, WE CAN SIMPLIFY THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD, GIVE MORE STABILITY. COCNCLUSION INTRODUCTION MATERIAL USED TYPES GLASS CASE STUDY MARKET SURVEY CONCLUSION SEM : VI SUBJECT : BMCT TOPIC : STRUCTURAL GLAZING AND CURTAIN WALL BMCA DIFFRENCE