Structure of the Earth Core Mantle Crust 9 ICSE.pptx

The earth is made up of three different layers: the crust, the mantle and the core. This is the outside layer of the earth and is made of solid rock, mostly basalt and granite. There are two types of crust; oceanic and continental. Oceanic crust is denser and thinner and mainly com​posed of basalt.

1. Structure of the Earth Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

2. Changing Nature of the Earth 5000 Millions Years Old Atlantic Ocean Widens by 10 Cm Pacific Ocean is shrinking. Red Sea is in ‘its infancy’ . In 60 Million years it will widen as the Atlantic Ocean . Africa and Asia may split which may cause Mediterranean merging with Atlantic Ocean. Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

3. Regions of the Earth Biosphere Liquid Gaseous Solid Composite Zone – Living creatures live here. Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

4. Regions of the Earth Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

5. Features of the Earth Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

6. Layers of the Earth Earth Contains three major concentric Layers Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

7. Layers of the Earth Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

8. Lithosphere or Earth Crust Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

9. Crust is Divided In 2 Types SIAL (Top Most Layer ) SIMA (Below the SIAL layer) Granite Rocks which forms the 1 st 25 Km of the crust. Basalt Rock forming the Ocean Floors around 35 Km. Silica + Aluminium Silica + Magnesium SIAL is thick over continents but thin /absent on the ocean. SIMA is denser layer. Density 2.7 gm/cm³ Density 3 gm/cm³ Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

10. Key Note :- Both SIAL and SIMA are Solid in nature. Lighter SIAL – Floating on the denser SIMA . Wegner’s “ Continental Drift Theory ” and the Super continent Pangaea . Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

11. Importance of the Crust Lithosphere Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

12. The mantle is a layer of the Earth located between the crust and the core . It makes up about 84% of Earth's volume. Composed of silicate rocks that are rich in magnesium and iron . Also rich in olivine . Thickness is about 2840 KM . Density 3.0 gm /cm³ and 5.5 gm /cm³ Mantle Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

13. Types of Mantle Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

14. Mantle or Mesosphere Boundary between Crust and Mantle = Moho / Mohorovicic Discontinuity . Density = 3.3 gm /cm³ On the Name :- Andriya Mohorovicic (Scientist _ Boundary between Mantle and Core = Guttenberg Discontinuity. Density = 3.7 gm /cm³. On the Name :- Beno Guttenberg (Seismologist) Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

15. Core or Barysphere The core of the Earth , also called the barysphere . The density is 13.0 gm/ cm³ to 15.0 gm/ cm³ It is the innermost layer of our planet. Two parts: the outer core and the inner core . Radius = 3500 KM Temperature = Almost 5000 degree Celsius Metals Found = Nickel (Ni) + Iron (Fe) The liquid iron generate it’s own electricity. Metallic Core + Iron plays a key role in shaping Earth’s magnetic field Outer Core behaves like liquid and doesn't allow earthquake waves to pass through it. Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh

16. Thank You Presented By :- Digvijay. A. Singh