STS-report.pdf general concepts and the historical events in sts and the human condition

The human condition

1. GENERAL CONCEPTS AND
HISTORICAL EVENTS IN STS
STS AND THE HUMAN
CONDITION (Part 1)
Prepared By:
Noime Calinog
Sarah Valencia
Rysa Chan
Lowell Vince Carillo

2. LESSON OBJECTIVES:
1) Identify different conceptions of human flourishing;
2) Anticipate and comprehend the impacts, implications, and
limitations of the
new developments in science and technology and;
3) Articulate ways by which society is transformed by science and
technology.

3. THE HUMAN PERSON FLOURISHING IN TERMS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
• Aristotle
a greek philosopher describes eudaimonia as the highest human good.
Aristotle was an ancient greek philosopher and polymath.
• Human Flourishing
- it's defined as being "good spirited" an effort to achieve self-
actualization and fulfillment within the context of a larger community
of individual.
• Science
- science is the study of the natural world by collecting data through a
systematic process called the scientific method.

4. The Mendawar Lecture 1998 Is Science Dangerous?
1. INTRODUCTION
IS SCIENCE REALLY DANGEROUS?
- Wolpert insists that scientific knowledge has no moral or ethical value, and
that all it does is make a just society.
2.TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
-involve in the application of the scientific knowledge to come up with usable
objects
SCIENCE
-is knowledge-based and tell us how the world is.
3. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
-to dispel the fear of science, we have to analyze the responsibility and
benefits of science to society

5. 4. Eugenics
•is the practice or advocacy of improving the human species by selectively mating people with specific
desirable hereditary traits. It aims to reduce human suffering by “breeding out” disease, disabilities and
so-called undesirable characteristics from the human population.
• In 1883 Darwin's cousin, Francis Galton, coined the word from Greek "good in birth (Levels 1985).
•As kevles points out in his book in the name of Eugenics, the genetics warmed to their acquired priestly
role. Between 1907 and 1928 approximately 9000 people were sterilized in the USA on the general
grounds that they were "feeble-minded.
• An American Charles Davenport, was particularly influenced by the ideas of eugenics, and in 1904 he
persuaded the Carnegie Foundation to set up the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories in order to study
human evolution.
• In the 1930s, the genetics who include Huxley, Haldane, Hogben and Jennings, began to react and resist
the wilder for eugenics. As the genetics Muller Hill 1988 the ideology of the National socialist can be put
very simple.
• In 1933, Hitler cabinet promulgated eugenic sterilization law which made sterilization compulsory for
anyone who suffered from a perceived hereditary weakness, including conditions that ranged from
schizophrenia to blindness.

6. 5.Reproduction: Cloning, Genes, and Stem Cells
l. Reproduction- is a fundamental biological process that ensures the survival of species. In recent years,
advancements in biotechnology have opened new avenues in reproduction, particularly through cloning, gene
manipulation, and stem cell research.
II. Cloning- refers to creating a genetically identical copy of an organism or cell.

There are two primary types of cloning:
1. Reproductive Cloning: This involves creating an entire organism that is genetically identical to another. The most
famous example is Dolly the sheep, the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell in 1996. Reproductive cloning
has potential applications in agriculture, conservation, and medicine, though it raises ethical concerns.
2. Therapeutic Cloning: This type focuses on creating cells or tissues for medical purposes. It involves the extraction
of stem cells from an early embryo, which can then differentiate into various cell types to treat diseases such as
Parkinson's, diabetes, and spinal cord injuries.

7. III. Genes
Genetic engineering involves altering the genetic material of organisms to achieve desired traits. Techniques
include:
CRISPR-Cas9- A revolutionary tool for editing genes with precision, allowing scientists to modify DNA
sequences in various organisms.
Gene Therapy- This involves inserting genes into a patient's cells to treat genetic disorders. For example, gene
therapy has shown promise in treating conditions like cystic fibrosis and hemophilia.
These advancements raise ethical questions about the implications of altering life at the genetic level, especially
concerning designer babies and the potential for unintended consequences.

8. IV. Stem Cells
-are unique cells capable of differentiating into various cell types.
They are categorized into two main types:
1. Embryonic Stem Cells- derived from early-stage embryos, these cells can develop into any cell type in the
body, offering immense potential for regenerative medicine.
2. Adult Stem Cells- Found in various tissues, these cells are more limited in their differentiation potential. They
play a crucial role in tissue repair and regeneration.
Stem cell research holds great promise for treating conditions such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases,
and injuries. However, it also raises ethical concerns, particularly regarding the use of embryonic stem cells.

9. How Much Is Too Much?
-Millennium Development Goals (MDG) targets eight concerns, one of which states that they should be able to
forge a global partnership for development. In this global economic and technology issues, let’s think and
criticize how Joseph Hickel contemplate on the said issues.
Forget 'Developing' Poor Countries, It's Time to 'De-develop' Rich Countries
by Jason Hickel (2015)
Contemplated on, suggesting that developedcountries should not push forth more growthbut
instead adopt “de-development” policies orelse everybody loses.
The primary goal to achieve growth for allmight prove to be fatal in long run.
Economists believe that growth is the primaryindicator of development.
Technology has been a primary instrument inenabling them to pursue said goal,
utilizingresources, machineries and labor.
Moreover, Growth is not infinite, there is nopreordained ceiling once the ball starts rolling.Joseph
Hickel contemplated on, suggestingthat developed countries should not push forthmore growth
but instead adopt "de-development" policies

10. THANK YOU :))