Study of CLITORIA TERNATEA providing Anti-Microbial Treatment for Microbes

CLITORIA TERNATEA:-
Introduction
Aim and objectives
Morphology
Identification
Plan of work
Animal study
Properties
Experimental work
References

1. MEHMUDA SHIKSHAN & MAHILA GRAMIN VIKAS BAHUDDESHIYA SANTHA, NAGPUR CENTRAL INDIA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY LONARA Guided By Presented by Mrs. Rahila Anjum Mrs. Nida Farheen Sheikh Assistant professor B. pharm M. pharm 2024-2025 1 PRACTICE SCHOOL PROJECT Topic: ASIAN PIGEON WINGS (CLITORIA TERNATEA)

2. Content Introduction Aim & objective Morphology of CLITORIA TERNATEA Identification of CLITORIA TERNATEA Plan of work Animal Study Properties of Asian Pigeon Wings Experimental work References 2

3. Introduction Clitoria Ternatea is a perennial herbaceous climbing plant native to tropical Asia and parts of Africa. Also known as bluebell vine, blue pea, butterfly pea, corodofan pea, Darwin pea. It grown a vine or creeper, doing well in moist, neutral soil. Its most striking feature is the color of its flower, a vivid deep blue; solitary, with light yellow marking. 3

4. AIM & OBJECTIVES AIM:STUDY OF CLITORIA TERANATEA PROVIDING ANTI-MICROBIAL TREATMENT FOR MICROBES OBJECTIVES:- To explore the Anti-microbial potential. To study active phytoconstituents. TO evaluate mechanism of action. To perform cytotoxicity assays. To study extraction method ofclitoria ternatea . 4

5. 5 MORPHOLOGY OF PLANTS It is a perennial climber herb this compound, pinnate 5-9 foliolate. Flowers- showi blue of white petels , unequal and style bearded below the stigma.

6. . 6 Synonyms:-bluebell vine, blue pea, butterfly pea. Biological source: It native to the Indonesian island of ternate and belong to family Fabaceae. varieties:-some varieties yield white flowers and pink . fruits:-5-7cm long ,flat pods with 6-10 seeds in each pod. leaves:-2.5-5cm long ,thin, papery,membranous&1.5-3.5cm wide . Petals:- It has 5 petals in which one is extra large rounded petal , 2 small blue petals&2 tiny white petals having reproductive organs .

7. 7) Stems:- It is a slender climbing legume with short ,soft hairs on the stem. 8) colour :-deep blue/violet colour. 9) Odour : - odourless / pungent. 10) Taste:-bitter& astringent. 11) Growing:- It grows as a vine or creeper ,in moist condition & neutral soil. 12) Active Principles :- antioxidant , anti – hemolytic , anti-hypertensive effects , inhibit alpha –amylase & glucosidase activity , reduce human LDL cholesterol &DNA induced oxidation. 7

8. IDENTIFICATION OF CLITORIA TERNATEA 8 Highlight:- The flowers bloom in the morning and close in the afternoon. Flowering time :-Early summer until late autumn. Chemical composition:- Alkaloids,tannins,glycosides,resins , steroids,saponins , flavonoids,phenols , protein & steroids. Chemical constituents:- taraxerol,taraxerone,aparajitin,beta-sitosterol,kaempferol ,& phyto constituents aid the anti-allergic, anti-bacterial & anti-inflammatory properties. Pharmacological property:- Antioxidant,hypolipidemic , anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic,antipyretic , antidiabetic, CNS,anti -microbial , GIT,anti -parasitic , insecticidal.

9. PLAN OF WORK Plan of work for studying clitoria ternatea as an Anti-Microbial. Selecation of clitoria teratea . Collection of clitoria teratea . Extration of clitoria teratea . Biochemical studies of clitoria teratea . Performing Anti-microbial properties. 9

10. 10 Experimental Work :

11. ANTIMICROBIAL STUDY OF ASIAN PIGEON WINGS ON RATS The antimicrobial properties of proteins isolated from C. ternatea have previously been described. The C. ternatea 20 kDa protein finotin demonstrated inhibitory activities over a wide range of plant fungal pathogens. Finotin also exhibited activities against the plant bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis . Another study reported isolation of a 14.3 kDa protein from C. ternatea seeds that exhibited activities against the human fungal pathogens, Cryptococcus spp. and Candida spp., and against a number of mold fungi. Studies also reported the antimicrobial properties of C. ternatea cyclotides against Gram-negative, but not Gram-positive, bacteria. Ethanol extract of C. ternatea outdoor grown leaves and calli inhibited the growth of the bacterial species Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus spp. On the other hand, the antibacterial activities of the calli aqueous extract were only limited to Bacillus spp. and Streptococcus pyogenes; and activity of the leaf aqueous extract was limited to Bacillus spp. Furthermore, a recent study reported that the ultrasound-assisted aqueous extract of C. ternatea leaves and petals inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. C. ternatea petals extracted for 30 min using ultrasound yielded the highest anthocyanin content and also displayed the highest antibacterial activity The antifungal properties of C. ternatea have also been reported Growth of the mold fungus Aspergillus niger was inhibited at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.8 mg/mL of the methanolic C. ternatea leaf extract. Scanning electron microscopy images from the study revealed that addition of the extract lead to conidial and hyphal collapse and distortion which is likely due to cell wall disruption Another study reported that the 50% aqueous-ethanolic C. ternate leaf extract inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and promoted the activities of amylase, protease and dehydrogenase in P. sativum seeds, enzymes that otherwise had low activities during F. oxysporum  infestation 11

12. ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES 12

13. 13 Anti-bacterial activity: - The ethyl acetate fraction of the pigeonwing flower's petals contains flavonoids, which are bioactive compounds that have antibacterial properties. A study on the antibacterial activity of the plant's leaves found that the methanolic extract was more effective than the aqueous extract, suppressing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by up to 99% after 24 hours. Anti-microbial activity of seeds: - The crude extract from the seeds of the pigeonwing plant showed a maximum zone of inhibition. Anti-microbial activity of callus extract: - The callus extract showed the maximum zones of inhibition against Salmonella typhi. The pigeonwing plant is native to tropical Asian countries like Malaysia and Indonesia.It has vibrant blue flowers that range in color from white to pink, to light or dark blue.

14. Antimicrobial activity from leaf, flower, stem, and root of Clitoria ternatea Many pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi contribute to the major human illness in which it can consequently lead to mortality. Normally, the infectious diseases such as chicken pox, malaria, and tuberculosis (TB) are the most common diseases occurring in today's world. Due to that, authorities and scientists have been trying to develop effective drugs to cure these infectious diseases. Many countries have been thrived to look for alternatives to plant sources as natural remedies. Moreover, the possibility of using natural plant extracts in the development of drugs has greater potential as it is considered safe for human after prolonged treatments. 14

15. EXPERIMENTAL WORK 15 E XTRACT AFTER BOILING SEPERATION

16. 16 ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT ON ADDITION OF DIL. HCL

17. 17 T ANNINS GLYCOSIDES

18. REFERENCE Pitocco D., Tesauro M., Alessandro R., Ghirlanda G., Cardillo C., Oxidative stress in diabetes:Implications for vascular and other complications international journal of molecular sciences.2013 Rahul, C., Thangaraj P., and Saravanan S. 2016. Antidiabetic activity of Syzygium Calo- phyllifolium in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide induced Type-2 diabetic rats. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy journal. Chakraborthy G, kumar V, kumar A, Gautam N, Kumari L phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Clitoria ternatea -a Review. J Appl Pharm Sci Res. 2018;1(2):3-9. Lijon MB, Meghla NS, Jahedi E, Rahman MA, Hossain 1. Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Clitoria ternatea . Int Jour Nat Soe Sci. 2017;4(1):01-10. Bhatia, M., Chahal, J., and Gupta, S. (2014). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Clitoria ternatea Linn. leaves extract on rat model. Int. J. Pharm.Sci . Res. 5, 600-606 Kalyan BV, Kothandam H, Palaniyappan V. Praveen AR. Hypoglycaemic activity of seed extract ofClitoria ternatea Linn in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Pharmacogn J. 2011:3(19):45-7. Rajan Msd . Evaluation of phytoconstituents, nephro -protective and antioxidant activities of Clitoria ternatea . J Appl Pharm Sci. 2011;05: 164-72. Ghasemi A., Khalifi S., dan Jedi S. 2014. Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide- Induced Rat Model OfType 2 Diabetes. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, vol. 12. 18