“A metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.” Comparing two unlike things Adds imaginative or vivid sense to descriptions Example: “Time is a thief” Source domain conceptual domain from which we draw metaphorical expressions Target domain conceptual domain that we try to understand through the use of the source domain Metaphor
Extended metaphor: comparison of two unlike things, just a single moment of comparison but a sustained one Use of metaphor “garbage” mess in the apartment Throwing a jacket on the chair is replaced by throwing garbage on a pile of garbage Exaggeration and visual imagery Target domain: throwing a jacket on a chair Source domain: garbage Example Season 4, Episode 6
Irony “Irony is a literary and rhetorical device that involves a discrepancy between expectations and reality.” Types of Irony Verbal Irony: when the speaker says one thing but means another Dramatic Irony: audience knows more about the situation than the characters Situational Irony: stark difference between what is expected and what actually occurs
Example Example of situational irony Ross and Rachel unexpectedly get married Completely opposite of the audience’s expectations The audience expects a certain pattern of behaviour from them, which does not include a spontaneous marriage because of Ross and Rachel unstable relationship. Monica and Chandler decide not to get married in Vegas after witnessing Ross and Rachel. Season 5 Finale