SUB-ATOMIC PARTICLES PROTONS, NEUTRONS AND ELECTRONS..pptx

this is a slide on sub atomic particles in chemistry for year 8 students.

1. 08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY SUB ATOMIC PARTICLES

2. SUCCESS criteria I am successful in this lesson if I can; identify the sub-atomic particles. describe the structure of the atom. describe the locations, charges and masses of the three main subatomic particles. describe the properties of the sub atomic particles. 08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY

3. According to Dalton’s Atomic Theory, atoms were indivisible solid particles. This was not entirely accurate because contrary to what Dalton believed, atoms can, in fact, be broken apart into smaller subunits or subatomic particles. The particles present in an atom are : Proton Neutron Electron STRUCTURE OF AN ATOM Every atom is composed of a nucleus and a region around the nucleus called the orbital. 08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY

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6. THE NUCLEUS The nucleus is the central part of the atom composed of protons and neutrons. It contains most of an atom’s mass. PROTONS (P + ) Are positively charged subatomic particles. They are inside the nucleus. The mass of a proton is 1.0072766 a.m.u (1.67 x 10 -27 kg). The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons in an atom. It was discovered by Ernest Rutherford. 08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY

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8. NEUTRONS (n o ) Neutrons, along with protons are found in the nucleus. Neutrons are named for their neutral nature-unlike protons and electrons, they do not carry any charge. Below are the general properties of the neutrons. Neutrons are neutral particles thus the have no charge. They are found inside the nucleus of an atom. The mass of a neutron is 1. 0086654 a.m.u (1.6 x 10 -24 g). The neutron was discovered by James Chadwick in the year 1932. Both the proton and the neutron make the atomic mass of an atom. Protons and neutrons are together called nucleons. 08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY

9. ELECTRONS ( e - ) Electrons are the subatomic particles that revolve around the nucleus of an atom. These electrons may be removed from or gained by an atom to form ions. The general properties of electrons are listed below. Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles. They are found or located on the orbits around the nucleus. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the number of protons. The mass of an electron is negligible. An electron has a mass of about a.m.u . J.J Thompson is credited with the discovery of the electrons.   08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY

10. Characteristics of the sub atomic particles. 08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY Atomic particle Symbol Mass ( a.m.u ) Relative charge Location Proton p + 1 Positive (+) Inside the nucleus Neutron n o 1 Neutral (o) Inside the nucleus electron e - 0.00054 negative ( - ) orbital

11. CLASS WORK State two similarities and one difference between Proton and neutron Proton and Electron 2. Draw the structure of an atom showing all the sub-atomic particles. 3. What is the name of the scientist who is credited with the discovery of the electron. 08/05/2023 BASIC CHEMISTRY