suceptible host.pptx

chain of infection

1. Suceptible host

2. INTRODUCTION Susceptible host (animal or person) is the potential future host who is recipient of the pathogen /microbes. The future host is the person who is next exposed to the pathogen. The person who is at risk for developing an infection from the disease. It is the final link in the chain of infection and is someone at risk of infection. Example of susceptible host are Children who are very young ,People who are very old , People on inadequate diets , People who are chronically ill , People receiving medical therapy such as chemotherapy or high doses of steroids ,People who are already ill , People with open wounds

3. Cont…. Individual who are likely to develop a communicable disease after exposure to the infectious agents are called susceptible host. Different individual are not equally susceptible to infection for a variety of reason. Factor that increase the susceptibility of a host to the development of a communicable disease are called risk factor.

4. Cont… Some risk factors arise from outside of environment which recalled outsider risk factor . E.g poor personal hygiene or poor control of reservoir of infection in the environment. Factor such as these increase the exposure of susceptible host to infectious agent , which makes the disease more likely to develop. Some people who cannot resist a microorganism invading the body , multiplying and resulting in infection.

5. Cont… The host is susceptible to disease , lacking immunity or physical resistant to overcome the invasion by pathogenic microorganism. Which are called insider risk factors. S uch Low level of immunity could be due to : Disease like HIV/AIDS which suppress immunity. Poorly developed or immature immunity as in very young children. Not being vaccinated. Poor nutritional status(malnourished child). Pregnancy

6. Cont…. The microorganism may spread to another person but does not develop into an infection if the person’s immune system can fight it off. They may however become a ‘carrier’ without symptoms, able to then be the next ‘mode of transmission’ to another ‘susceptible host’. Once the host is infected, he/she may become a reservoir for future transmission of the disease.

7. Cont… Susceptible hosts abound in health care settings, as those accessing the health care system often have compromised immune systems. This may be due to other illnesses processes, treatments or medications. This ineffective immune system leaves them vulnerable to infectious agents that may be in the health care environment.

8. Cont…. Several factors make a person more susceptible to disease including age (young people and elderly people generally are more at risk), underlying chronic diseases such as diabetes or asthma, conditions that weaken the immune system like HIV, certain types of medications, invasive devices like feeding tubes, and malnutrition. Infection does not occur automatically when the pathogen enters the body of a person whose immune system is functioning normally.

9. Cont…. When a virulent pathogen enters an immune-compromised person, however, infection generally follows. Whether exposure to a pathogen results in infection depends on several factors related to the person exposed (the host), the pathogen (the agent), and the environment.. Host factors that influence the outcome of an exposure include the presence or absence of natural barriers, the functional state of the immune system, and the presence or absence of an invasive device.

10. Reference….. https:// www.slideshare.net/amanullah9803150/chain-.of-infection-74663195 . Ghimire , B.(2012) A text book of community health nursing: Heritage Publisher and Distributer P.Ltd .