Super sonic flight technologies.pkkjkhkgptx

per sonic flight technologies.pptx

1. Supersonic and Hypersonic Flight Technologies Understanding the Future of High-Speed Aviation By: ABHISHEK Date:

2. Introduction Humans always wanted to travel faster. Supersonic and hypersonic flights make it possible. These technologies help in defense, space, and future air travel.

3. What is Supersonic Flight? Supersonic means faster than sound. Speed: Mach 1 (1,225 km/h) to Mach 5 (6,125 km/h). Examples: Concorde, F-22 fighter jet.

4. History of Supersonic Flight Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier in 1947 with Bell X-1. 1950s-60s: USA and Soviet Union made supersonic military jets (F-100, MiG-21). The Concorde flew from 1969-2003 at Mach 2, reducing travel time. New companies like Boom Supersonic are now working on better, quieter supersonic planes. Military jets: F-22, F-35.

5. F-22 Fighter Jet A supersonic stealth fighter developed by Lockheed Martin for the U.S. Air Force. Flies at Mach 2.25. First flight in 1997, operational since 2005. Used for air dominance and advanced military operations.

6. The Concorde First commercial supersonic airliner, started in 1976. Developed by British Airways and Air France. Flew at Mach 2, twice the speed of sound. Retired in 2003 due to high costs and low demand.

7. India's Work on Supersonic Flight India uses supersonic fighter jets for defense . HAL Tejas : Made in India, flies at Mach 1.8. Sukhoi Su-30MKI: From Russia, flies at Mach 2. Dassault Rafale: From France, advanced jet at Mach 1.8. Future Plan: AMCA - Advanced stealth supersonic jet being developed in India.

8. Challenges in Supersonic Flight Sonic boom: Loud noise when breaking sound barrier. High fuel consumption. Material stress from high speeds.

9. Future Supersonic Planes Boom Supersonic Overture: Passenger jet. Spike Aerospace S-512: Silent supersonic jet. NASA X-59: Quiet supersonic plane.

10. What is Hypersonic Flight? Hypersonic means much faster than sound. Speed: Mach 5 (6,125 km/h) and above. Examples: NASA X-43, SpaceX Starship.

11. History of Hypersonic Flight 1940s-50s: First ideas for hypersonic speeds during and after WWII. 1960s: NASA X-15 was the first hypersonic aircraft, reaching Mach 6.7. Cold War: USA and Soviet Union experimented with hypersonic missiles.

12. History of Hypersonic Flight 1980s-2000s: Scramjet engines developed for hypersonic speeds. 2004: NASA X-43A reached Mach 9.6, the fastest aircraft at the time. 2010s-Present: USA, Russia, China, and India are developing hypersonic missiles and aircraft. Future: Hypersonic technology for military, space travel, and fast passenger flights.

13. What is a Scramjet Engine? Engine for hypersonic speed. Works at very high speeds. No moving parts – uses fast airflow to burn fuel.

14. History of the Scramjet Engine Scramjet stands for Supersonic Combustion Ramjet. First concepts appeared in the 1950s. NASA and Russia led early experiments. Used in NASA X-43A, the fastest aircraft using scramjet technology.

15. Challenges in Hypersonic Flight Extreme heat from friction (> 2000°C). Difficult control at high speeds. Expensive development and testing.

16. Examples of Hypersonic Vehicles NASA X-43A: First scramjet aircraft. Boeing X-51 Waverider: Hypersonic test plane. China’s DF-ZF & Russia’s Avangard: Hypersonic missiles.

17. Hypersonic Missiles Faster than Mach 5. Hard to stop or detect. Used by USA, Russia, China, India.

18. India's Work on Hypersonic Flight India is developing hypersonic technology mainly for defense. DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization) is leading these projects. HSTDV (Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle) tested successfully in 2020. India aims to develop hypersonic missiles for defense.

19. Difference Between Supersonic & Hypersonic Supersonic: Mach 1-5 | Hypersonic: Mach 5+ Supersonic uses jet engines | Hypersonic uses scramjet. Supersonic: Passenger and military jets. Hypersonic: Missiles, space travel.

20. Future of Hypersonic Travel

21. NASA & SpaceX’s Role

22. Speed Comparison Subsonic: < Mach 1 (e.g., Boeing 747) Supersonic: Mach 1-5 (e.g., Concorde) Hypersonic: > Mach 5 (e.g., NASA X-43)

23. Why is This Important? Faster travel across the world. Stronger defense systems. Space exploration improvements.

24. Safety Concerns Can passengers handle high speeds? Risk of accidents. Strict safety rules by governments.

25. Cost of Supersonic and Hypersonic Travel Very expensive to develop and maintain. Goal: Make it affordable for public.

26. Environmental Impact Supersonic jets burn more fuel. Hypersonic travel produces a lot of heat. Scientists working on cleaner fuels.

27. Supersonic Travel for the Public Supersonic passenger planes may return. Boom Supersonic aims for public flights. Expected by 2030s.

28. Future Hypersonic Passenger Flights Imagine NY to London in 1 hour! Companies working on it. Challenges to solve.

29. Space Travel Using Hypersonic Tech SpaceX Starship: Mars missions. Hypersonic re-entry for space travel. Future: Hypersonic Earth travel via space.

30. Countries Leading in Hypersonic Tech USA: NASA, Boeing, Lockheed Martin. China: Hypersonic missiles, space research. Russia: Avangard hypersonic weapons. India: DRDO hypersonic missiles.

31. Conclusion Supersonic and hypersonic are the future. Many challenges but exciting possibilities. Shaping the future of travel and defense.