Supervision in leadership and management.pptx

Supervision

1. NURSING MANAGEMENT SUPERVISION AS A MANAGEMENT FUNCTION

2. GROUP MEMBERS MASILISO MUNANGA FLORENCE MUYUNDA MUIMUI MUYUNDA PETER SAKALA NAWA C. N

3. DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS SUPERVISION is the action or process of watching and directing what someone does or how something is done. A SUPERVISOR is someone who oversees the work or tasks of others. A SUPERVISEE is someone who is being supervised.

4. PURPOSE OF SUPERVISION The purpose of supervision is to inspect, evaluate and improve workers performance. To establish and monitor the worker’s accountability to the organization. To promote the professional and personal development of the worker.

5. PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION The principles underlying the concepts of supervision are as follows; Supervision should be planned and adopted to the changing conditions, It calls for good planning and organization. Supervision strives to make the unit a good learning situation, It should be a teaching-learning process.

6. PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION cont .. People must always understand clearly what is expected of them Good work always should be recognized Poor work deserves constructive criticism Supervision should encourage workers ‘participation in decision making.

7. PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION cont … People should have opportunities to show that they can accept greater responsibility People should be encouraged to improve themselves People should work in a safe and healthful environment Supervisors should create atmosphere of cordiality and mutual trust.

8. TYPES OF SUPERVISION There are two types of supervision and these are: 1. DIRECT SUPERVISION This is done through face-to-face talk with the workers. This can be exercised at the ward/unit level in the hospital or sub centre of the community setting. The following considerations are essential in direct supervision.

9. DIRECT SUPERVISION cont … Do not loose temper or abuse. Use democratic approach and avoid autocratic methods. Reprimand if necessary in private and do it promptly. Give workers a chance to reply.

10. DIRECT SUPERVISION cont … Do not talk too much and too fast. Be human in behavior. Do not take it for granted that the worker has understood everything told to him. Do not give instructions in a haphazard way.

11. 2. INDIRECT SUPERVISION It is done within the help of records and reports of the workers and through written instructions or through some agency between the supervisor and supervisee. This includes: Ensuring that every worker is carrying out allotted work in accordance with the plan of operation and with the prescribed methodology and in keeping pace with the time as far as possible.

12. INDIRECT SUPERVISION cont.. Analyzing the monthly reports to know the input of efforts and the achievement of the workers and their relations with each other. Analyzing what amount of work allotted for the month has been done with reasons for nonperformance and providing suitable guidance for the same.

13. INDIRECT SUPERVISION cont … Providing support and guidance to all the workers in the implementation of various activities. Analyzing the stage of programme or job in each sector/unit and village (public Health) and to suggest plan for future months on the above basis

14. INDIRECT SUPERVISION cont … Ensuring that the worker is utilizing his/her full capacity in the programme . How many hours per day have been spent in the field or unit/ward, and what efforts have been done by him/her during this time.

15. ELEMENTS OF SUPERVISION Supervision comprise of 3 elements that are interlinked or overlap. These include: 1. ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION The supervisor has been given authority by the organisation to oversee the work of the subordinates. This carries the responsibility both to ensure that the organisation policies are implemented. The supervisor should ensure that organisation policies are implemented and the supervisees work to the best of their ability.

16. 2. Educational supervision Supervisors are responsible for the educational development of each worker on their staff . Supervisor should encourage subordinates to reflect on their work and understand it better so that their knowledge and skills are improved

17. 3. Supportive supervision This is the maintenance of harmonious working relationships, the cultivation of espirit de corps. Workers face job related stress and need to be helped to deal with stress as this could seriously affect their work.

18. FUNCTIONS OF A SUPERVISOR The work of the supervisor is categorized into 5 areas called functions of management or supervision, these functions are; 1. PLANNING This is the function of setting goals and objectives and converting them into specific plans. 2. ORGANISING In performing this function, a supervisor lines up all available resources, including departmental tools,equipment,materials,and especially the work force.

19. 3. STAFFING This is the function by which the supervisors figuratively put flesh on the organizational structure. Supervisors first figure out exactly how many and what kinds of employees a department will need to carry out its work. They then interview,select,and train those people who appear to be most suitable to fill the job.

20. 4. LEADING This function gets the blood flowing in an organization. Supervisors must energize the vital human resources of their department by providing motivation, communication and leadership.

21. 5. CONTROLLING Once departmental plans are set in motion, supervisors must periodically keep score on how well the plans are working out. To do so, supervisors measure results, compare them with what was expected, judge how important the differences may be, and then take whatever action is needed to bring results into line.

22. QUALITIES OF A SUPERVISOR The job of a supervisor is so demanding that top management tends to look for super people to fill the role. Most firms, however, establish a set of criteria against which supervisory candidates are judged. The most sought after qualities in a supervisor include the following:

23. A. JOB-RELATED TECHNICAL COMPETENCE Job knowledge Grasp of financial information B. CAREER-RELATED SKILLS Problem solving Communication Teach ability (rapid and willing learner) Ability to adapt to change

24. B. CAREER-RELATED SKILLS cont.. Capacity to build a cohesive team Demonstrated ability to get along with people Capacity to present oneself professionally in public C. PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS Integrity and credibility Tenacity, dedication and perseverance Flexibility Risk – taking propensity

25. C. PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS cont.. Willingness to take initiative Tolerance for stress Positive attitude Dependability and reliability Creativity Energy good health

26. CONCLUSION In order to achieve the objectives of an organization supervision should be intensified and the process followed correctly. Supervisor should lead by examples always and treat all subordinate equally. Supervision should be done fairly to all subordinates.

27. REFERENCES Basavanthappa BT. (2007), Nursing Administration, 4 th Edition, New Delhi.

28. THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONTRIBUTIONS GOD BLESS