Sustainable water resources management .pptx

water resource management

1. Ahfad University for Women MPH Sustainable water resources Dr. Sumaia Elsayed 2025

2. Integrated resource management – coordinated development and management of water , land, nutrients, energy and related resources to maximize economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.

3. The gift of WATER How many times do you access water in one day? How do you access it? What would your life be like without taps? It is easy to forget how important water is. Across most of Australia, at the turn of a tap we have instant access to clean drinkable water. 663 million people around the world do not have access to clean water.

4. THE DIGNITY OF SANITATION FACILITIES Think of your school or home sanitation facilities. Are they safe? Are they private? What would your life be like without a toilet? It is easy to forget how important access to sanitation facilities is. Across most of Australia we have access to safe, clean and private facilities. 2.4 billion people around the world do not have proper sanitation facilities. Sanitation platform inside pit latrine. Malawi

5. Water is essential to life. Sourcing it and collecting it is not an option. Water means food security. Water means health. Water means safety and security. Access to water and sanitation is necessary to develop other areas of a healthy life. Yet structural and economic injustice has resulted in unequal access to a God given resource. Over the past century, unclean water, poor sanitation and unsafe hygiene practices have claimed more lives than anything else.

6. WATER and sanitation IN OUR WORLD TODAY WATER QUALITY 2 million tones of human waste enter water sources every day. 1.8 billion people use fecally contaminated water. P polluted water and poor sanitation practices spread diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera and malaria. 1 in 3 people don’t have access to toilets or latrines With no other choice, 1 billion people defecate outside.

7. Safe sanitation impacts all areas of life IMPROVING HEALTH Every day 1,000 children die due to diarrheal diseases which could be prevented by improved Water, Sanitation and Health (WASH) BETTER EDUCATION 443 million sick days are taken by children every year due to WASH related diseases. Only 47% of schools in the least developed and low-income countries have adequate sanitation facilities. NUTRITION In 2014, 159 million children worldwide were stunted due to malnutrition. One of the main causes is WASH-related diseases like diarrhea that prevent the proper absorption of nutrients from food. REDUCING INEQUALITY Poor sanitation affects women, children, the elderly and people with a disability more than other groups.

8. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS In 2015, the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were released. These are 1 7 goals for everyone, everywhere, aimed at achieving three extraordinary things in the next 15 years: End extreme poverty. Fight inequality & injustice. Fix climate change.

9. GOAL 6 FOCUSES ON CLEAN WATER AND Sanitation Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all Some of the targets for 2030: achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all achieve access to adequate sanitation and hygiene for all end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations improve water quality by reducing pollution and eliminating dumping

10. GENDER INEQUALITY In many countries around the world, women are responsible for finding and collecting water for their families. This can be a dangerous chore. Collecting w ater from sources like rivers can include risk of attack from animals such as crocodiles. Women and girls can face disease, harassment, shame and the threat of violence because they have no safe sanitation choices. Many girls don’t attend school if there are no safe and private toilets available for menstrual hygiene management. Women and children spend 125 million hours each day collecting water.

11. Progress since the millennium development goals (MDG) 2000-2015 Goal 7 of the MDGs was to ensure environmental sustainability, including halving the proportion of people without access to safe water and sanitation between 2000-2015. Global action has led to positive results. In 1990 76% of the global population used improved water sources 54% of the global population used improved sanitation facilities. MDG GOAL 88% 77%

12. Progress since the millennium development goals WATER GOAL MET IN 2010 91% of the world’s population now access improved sources of drinking water. X 8 /10 people in the world who live in rural areas are still without a source of improved drinking water X 663 million people still lack access to improved drinking water sources. SANITATION GOAL MISSED X Only 68% of the global population now uses improved sanitation facilities (Goal was 77%) 2.1 billion people have gained access to improved sanitation since 1990 X 2.4 billion people still lack improved sanitation facilities.

13. EXPLORE GLOBAL SANITATION PROGRESS Use this interactive tool from the World Health Organization to analyze progress on water and sanitation for different countries between 1990-2015. Interactive Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water 2015 Dashboard

14. Background on IWRM 1992 International Conference on Water and the Environment (ICWE) in Dublin, Ireland Dublin Statement: laid the foundation for guiding integrated management of the world’s water resources The principles are: Fresh water is a finite and vulnerable resource, essential to sustain life, development and the environment; Water development and management should be based on a participatory approach, involving users, planners and policymakers at all levels; Women play a central part in the provision, management and safeguarding of water; Water has an economic value in all its competing uses and should be recognised as an economic good

15. Background 2002 the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) was held in Johannesburg, South Africa Johannesburg Plan of Implementation (JPOI) calls for all countries to: “Develop integrated water resources management and water efficiency plans by 2005, with support to developing countries”

16. Background Millennium Development Goals (MDG´s) national commitments: Halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water (reaffirmation of Millennium Development Goal). Halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of people who do not have access to basic sanitation. Develop integrated water resources management and water efficiency plans by 2005

17. Background What is IWRM? A systematic process for the sustainable development, allocation and monitoring of water resource use in the context of social, economic and environmental objectives Means that all the different uses of water resources are considered together Water allocations and management decisions consider the effects of each use on the others

18. What is an IWRM plan? A strategic statement that details a country’s actions toward to sustainable management of its water resources Scope - Fresh and coastal waters Defines the issues and the strategic responses by all actors Lays out the indicative cost outlay required for action over short to medium-term; basis for sourcing funding internally or externally

19. Context for IWRM Plan Link to other strategies and plans NEMS and other existing national plans/strategies National MDG strategies National poverty reduction strategy papers (PRSPs) National 5-year plans National sustainable development strategies National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans

20. IWRM Key Tools Other water planning frameworks Water Use Efficiency Plans Water Safety Plans Water Demand Management Plans National Plans of Action (pollution control) Waste Water Management Plans

21. Where might an IWRM Plan fit? To be regarded as part of existing frameworks NPA – National Programme of Action to Prevent Land-based Sources of Marine Pollution WSP – Water Safety Plan

22. What does an IWRM Plan look like? Description of the existing water management approach . Where it came from, how long has it been in place, what legal instruments (policies, laws and institutions) support it, and the constraints of the current approach to water management. A description of the current water resources situation in the country (a water resource assessment)

23. What does an IWRM Plan look like? A description of the scope of the plan. (Goals, aims and objectives we wish to attain) A description of how we plan to achieve the vision, goals, aims and objectives. Links the IWRM plan to other national processes and/or plans (e.g. How relevant is the IWRM Plan for a Poverty Reduction Plan or an Integrated Development Plan). Resource requirements to implement the plan Integration within the Public Sector Investment Programme

24. An IWRM Plan should: Heighten awareness and understanding of the value and benefits of integrated water resources management and vulnerability of human health and the environment from poor Water resources management; Identify and implement actions to address specific causes of negative impacts and threats on human health and the environment from poor water resources management practices; Assist mobilize resources and partners , including the private sector, for implementation of specific projects to address the negative impacts and threats on human health and the environment from poor water resources management practices.