Sweet pepper

Deals about the cultivation practice of Sweet pepper

1. Bijay Shrestha
Solanaceous Fruit Vegetable Crops
Sweet Pepper

2. Fruit Vegetable Crops
EnglishNameNepaliName Scientific Name Family
Tomato
गोलभेडा LycopersiconesculentumSolanaceae
Chilli
पिरोखुर्ाानी CapsicumfrutescensSolanaceae
Eggplant
भान्टा SolanummelongenaSolanaceae
Sweet Pepperभेडेखुर्ाानी Capsicumannum Solanaceae
Okra
पभिंडी AbelmoschusesculentusMalvaceae

3. Capsicum/Sweet pepper

4. INTRODUCTION
ScientificName-Capsicumannum
Family-Solanaceae
EnglishName-Capsicum,Bellpepper,Sweetpepper
NepaliName-भेडेखुर्ाानी,पर्म्लापिर्ची
Onlymemberofthepepperfamilythatdoesnotproducecapsaicin
Importantvegetablecropswelladaptedtotemperatetotropicalregion
OriginatedinMexicoandCentralAmerica
Itsfruithasgotdifferentcolor;green,red,yellow
GreencapsicumisgrowninNepal

5. Uses
Verynutritiousfruitvegetable
HighlyrichinvitaminAandC
ContainsmineralslikeCa,Mg,P,K,etc
Itsconsumptionprotectsfromthecold,respiratoryproblemsandcancer
Capsanthinisthemaincarotenoidinredbellpepperwhichgivesthem
redcolor
Reducesriskofanemia
Usedasfreshvegetables
Usedtopreparevariousdisheslikechickenchili,chicken,buffand
pickles

6. Climate and Soil Requirement
Climate:
A day neutral warm season crop
Can not tolerate high temperature like chili
Night and day temperature of 18 and 25°C respectively increases the size
and fruit numbers
If night temperature is below 8°C, then the fruit becomes seedless or has
less number of seeds.
Short days (8-10hours) increases the vegetative growth and fruit count
Low RH during flower is detrimental to the buds, flowers and upcoming
fruits.
Soil:
Can be cultivated in various types of soil
Grows best in sandy and loamy soil with adequate amount of organic
matters
Requires slightly acidic soil with pH range 6.0 to 6.5

7. Variety
1.Californe
Open pollinated variety, fruits are dark green
Plant height is 110cm and fruits can be harvested 80-90 DAT.
Recommended for Terai, mid hills and high hills
Aka California Wonder
Yield-16-20ton per ha
2.Sagar
Open pollinated variety with plant height of 100cm
75-80ton per ha yield can be harvested after 65-75 DAT.
Recommended for Terai and mid hills
3.NS 632
Hybrid variety with plant height of 90-100cm
44-50ton per ha yield can be harvested after 65DAT
Recommended for Terai and mid hills

8. Land preparation and Manure Application
LandPreparation:
2-3deepploughingalongwithclearingtheweedsandcropdebris
Soilshouldbewellpulverizedandwelllevelled
Forwinter,thetransplantingbedshouldbemade90cmwhichcan
accommodate2rows
Forrainyseason,thetransplantingbedshouldbemade45cmwhichcan
accommodateonlyonerow
ManureApplication:
1500kgperropaniofwelldecomposedFYMorcompostmanure
TosupplementtheFYM,apply8kgofnitrogen,6kgofDAPand5kgof
MOPperropani.
Applyallmanureandfertilizerexcepthalfdoseofnitrogenbeforebed
preparation.
Applyhalfoftheremaining4kgofureaastopdressingafter45daysof
transplanting(2kg)andother2kgaftertheinitiationofflowering

9. Seed and seedling transplanting
Foroneropanioflandrequiredseedlingispreparedbyusingonly50-
75gmofseeds.
Generalprincipleofseedlingpreparationisfollowedwhichincludes
preparationnurserybed,sowingandseedlinghardening.
Whentheseedlingbecomes8-10cmhighandacquires4-5trueleaves
thenitbecomesreadytobetransplanted.
Daysrequiredforseedlingpreparationis40-45daysaftersowing.
Beforetransplantingtheseedlingbedshouldbewellmoistenedsoas
therewillbelessshocktorootsduringuprooting.
Transplantingisdoneateveningtime.
Whiletransplanting,theseedlingsaretransplantedinspacingof45cm
R-Rand30cmP-P.

10. Time for sowing, transplanting, and harvesting
Inside plastic tunnel, capsicum can be cultivated twice a year.
Plastic house is generally used in mid hills of Nepal for this process.
Area Sowing and transplantingHarvesting
Mid hills 600–2,000m
(In a plastic house)
First week of Chaitra
Second week of Shrawan
Jestha-Asar
Kartik-Mangsir
Low hill basins and mid
hills 300–2,000 m
(spring crop)
Magh-Falgun Baishak-Asar
Terai and inner Terai up
to 300 m (winter crop)
Bhadra-Asoj Kartik-Falgun

11. Irrigation, Weeding
Irrigationisnecessaryrightaftertransplanting
Forthenext7daysaftertransplanting,lightirrigationshouldbedone
dependinguponseasonandsoilmoisturecontent.
Inwinter,irrigationshoulddoneevery10-15daysandinsummer,it
shouldbedoneevery7-10days.
Weedingshouldbedone4-5daysafterirrigation.
1-2weedingshouldbedonebeforetopdressingofurea.
Alltheweedsshouldbeuprootedandremovedfromthefield.
Dependinguponthefield,theweedingshouldbedone,generallyduring
timeoftopdressingsofurea.

12. Harvesting and Yield
Harvestingcanbestartedfrom60-90DATdependinguponthevariety
andclimaticcondition.
Harvestingcanbedoneupto10-15timesfromasingleplant.
Yield-800-1100kgperropaniforopenpollinatedand1000-1500kgper
ropaniforhybrid.
RegardingD/sandPests,itissimilartothechili.

13. Thank You