switching techniques in data communication and networking

it is a detailed presentation on switching techniques. it includes the three types of switching technique. it is described in such manner that you can learn switching without any difficulties.

1. PRESENTATION ON SWITCHING S ubmitted b y- CHANDNI VIJAYVARGIYA HARSHITA YADAV HIMANSHI CHARAN SALONI LADDHA SHIVANI JHANWAR SHWETA LALANI

2. INTRODUCTION Switching is a process moving data from one interface and delivering it through another interface, selecting the best paths between machines that stores messages. The fundamental purpose of a communication system is to exchange information between two or more devices. A switched network consists of a service of interlinked nodes called switches, switches are hardware and software device capable of creating temporary connections b/w two or more devices linked to a switch but not to each other.

3. TYPES OF SWITCHING CIRCUIT SWITCHING PACKET SWITCHING MESSAGE SWITCHING

4. CIRCUIT SWITCHING Circuit switching is the dominant technology for both voice and data communication. Communication via circuit switching in data communication networks implies that there is dedicated electrical, communication path between two ports or hosts. The electrical path may be realized by physical wires or co axial cables or radio or satellite communication. EX:- Telephone network connection.

5. CIRCUIT SWITCHING

6. PACKET SWITCHING Packet-switched describes the type of network in which relatively small units of data called packets are routed through a network based on the destination address contained within each packet. Breaking communication down into packets allows the same data path to be shared among many users in the network.  This type of communication between sender and receiver is known as connectionless  . The control information should at least contain: Destination Address Source Address

7. TYPES OF PACKET SWITCHING Datagram Virtual circuit

8. DATAGRAM PACKET SWITCHING In Datagram packet switching each packet is a self- contained unit with complete addressing information attached. This fact allows packets to take a variety of possible paths through the network . So the packets, each with the same destination address, do not follow the same route, and they may arrive out of sequence at the exit point node (or the destination). Reordering is done at the destination point based on the sequence number of the packets.

9. VIRTUAL PACKET SWITCHING In the Virtual Circuit approach a pre-planned route is established before any packet are sent. There is a call set up before the exchange of data. All packets follow the same route and therefore arrive in sequence. Each packet contains a virtual circuit identifier instead of destination address More set up time No routing decisions required for each packet - Less routing or processing time Susceptible to data loss in the face of link or node failure Clear request to drop circuit Not a dedicated path

10. MESSAGE SWITCHING A message is a logical unit of information and can be of any length. In message switching, if a station wishes to send a message to another station, it first adds the destination address to the message. Message switching does not establish a dedicated path between the two communicating devices i.e. no direct link is established between sender and receiver. Each message is treated as an independent unit.

11. MESSAGE SWITCHING

12. SUBMITTED TO – KAVITA ROY MA’AM