systemic fungiside

classification of systemic fungiside. chemical name and trade name,uses and mode of action

1. CLASSIFICATION OF SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDES PRESENTED BY, SANGEETHA.J 2017028069

2. SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDE A systemic fungicide is defined as fungitoxic compound that controls a fugal pathogen remote from the point of application ,and that can be detected and identified. The discovery of the systemic fungicides in 1966 . Coming from the roots ,these compounds move into all organs that transpire ,that is ,they have funtional stomata.

3. BENZIMIDAZOLE FUNGICIDES The members of this group show a very broad spectrum of activity against fungi. The structural formula of the benzimidazole molecule is :

4. CARBENDAZIM Common name for methyl-2-ben-zimidazole carbamate (abbreviated as MBC). Trade name : Bavistin , Tagstin Diseases controlled :leaf spots and rusts; Fusarium and Cercospora

5. Benomyl Common name :Methyl –N-(1-butylcarbamoyl) 2-benzimidazole carbamate . Trade name : Benlate , Benomyl Diseases controlled :Pre and post harvest spray for post harvest diseases; blast ,scab, powdery mildews, Verticillium and Rhizoctonia .

6. Mode of action Clemons and Sisler ,MBC a rapid and severe inhibition of DNA synthesis in Neurospora crassa and Ustilago maydis was recorded. Due to similarities with purines and pyrimidine bases of nucleic acids MBC and TBZ. Benomyl rapidly inhibited glucose or acetate oxidation, RNA and protein synthesis in Saccharomyces pastorianus . MBC and TBZ do not inhibit spore germination but inhibit germ tube elongation in case of Penicillium atrovenetum .

7. Oxathiins compounds Carboxylic acid anilides,carboxanilides , or simply as anilides . Oxathiin fungicides- carboxin and oxycarboxin - represented a very significant event in the area of chemotherapy of plant diseases.. Systemic control of smuts and rust diseases of crops.

8. phytotoxicity Oxathiins in general are not phytotoxic to cereals unless used at very high concentration. Carboxin at the rate of 4g/sq m was phytotoxic to carnation.

9. Carboxin Trade name : Vitavax Diseases controlled : seed treatment for smuts and bunts; seed and soil borne pathogens; Rhizoctonia . Chemical name :2,3 –dihydro-5-carboxilido-6-methyl-1,4,oxathiin

10. oxycarboxin Trade name : Plantvax Diseases controlled : Puccinia on cereals, pulses, ornamentals, vegetables and coffee Chemical name :4-oxathiin-4,4-dioxide

11. Mode of action Oxathiins have a selective antifungal activity. The selectivity of these compounds may be related to the degree of uptake and binding by the test fungi. Sensitive fungi: Rhizoctonia solani and Usitago maydis Insensitive fungi : Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Lycopersici and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Both fungicides apparently had an effect on the nitrogen metabolism of the test organism.

12. metalaxyl Common name :N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-N- ( methoxyacetyl )- alanine methyl ester. It is an acylalanine systemic fungicide. Trade name :Apron , Ridomil,Kiralaxyl Diseases controlled : Peronosporales

13. Mode of action Metalaxyl treatment did not prevent penetration of tabacco roots by Phytophthora parasitica . The sporangiophores of Peronospora tabacina that formed on treated tobacco plants were incomplrtely developed or had altered morphology. Phytophthora infestans sporangia produced on metalaxyl treated potato plants had reduced viability.

14. tricyclazole Common name : 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo (3,4-b)- benzothiazole . Trade name : Beam,Sivic,Gain,Profit Diseases controlled :Blast

15. Mode of action Tricyclazole protects plants from infection by P. oryzae by preventing penetration of the epidermis by the fungus . Inhibiting melanization within the appressorium-1 ppm Melanisation is also inhibited without apparent effects on growth on other fungi including Verticillium dahliae and Colletotrichum lagnarium . Melanisation is highly sensitive to tricyclazole in P . oryzae .