Tabulation

Data Presentation - Tabulation

1. Dr. M. MARIAPPAN
M.Sc., M.Phil., M.Ed., Ph.D.
Assistant Professor,
Department of Zoology,
Government Arts College,
Melur–625 106

2. TABULATION
Itmaybedefinedasthelogicalandsystematic
presentationofnumericaldatainrowsandcolumns
designedtosimplifythepresentationandfacilitate
comparisons.
AdvantagesofTabulation:
1.Itsimplifythecomplexdata.
2.Itfacilitatesquickcomparisonofstatisticaldata
shownbetweenrowsandcolumns.
3.Itpresentthefactsintheminimumspace.
4.Itdetecterrorsandomissionsinthedata.
5.Itfacilitatestatisticalprocessing.

3. TYPES OF TABULATION
1. Simple Tabulation
2. Complex Tabulation

4. a)SimpleTabulation:
Itcontainsdatainrespectofonecharacteristiconly.
Name of the Colleges No. of Students
Govt. Arts College, Melur 3250
MeenakshiCollege, Madurai 3200
Lathamathavancollege, Madurai 1500
b) Complex Tabulation:
Itcontainsdataofmorethanonecharacteristics.
Name of the Colleges
No. of Students
TOTALB.A. B.Sc.B.Com
Govt. Arts College, Melur1250 1050 950 3250
Meenakshi College,
Madurai
1000 1100 1100 3200
Latha Mathavan College,
Madurai
250 550 700 1500

5. PARTS OF TABLE
SOURCES OF DATA
FOOTNOTES
BODY OF THE TABLE
STUBS (or) ROW DESIGNATIONS
CAPTIONS (or) COLUMN HEADINGS
TITLE OF THE TABLE
TABLE NUMBER

6. 1. Table Number:
Atableshouldbenumberedforeasyreferenceand
identification.
Thisnumber,ifpossible,shouldbewritteninthe
centreatthetopofthetable.
Sometimesitisalsowrittenjustbeforethetitleofthe
table.
2. Title:
Thisisabriefdescriptionofthecontentsofthetable
alongwithtime,placeandcategoriesofitem.
Thetitleshouldbeclearandprecise.
Itshouldbeatthetopofthetable.

7. 3. Captions:
Captionsinatablestandsforbriefandself
explanatoryheadingsofverticalcolumns.
Captionsmayinvolveheadingsandsub-headingsas
well.
Theunitofdatacontainedshouldalsobegivenfor
eachcolumn.
4. Stubs:
oStubsstandsforbriefandselfexplanatoryheadings
ofhorizontalrows.
oItmustbepreciseandclear.

8. 5.Body:
•Itisthemainpartofthetableexceptthetilesstuband
captions.
•Itcontainsthenumericalinformationoffrequencyof
observationsinthedifferentcells.
6.Footnotes:
Footnotesaregivenatthefootofthetablefor
explanationofanyfactorinformationincludedinthe
tablewhichneedssomeexplanation.

9. 7. Sources of Data:
Lastlyoneshouldalsomentionthesourceofinformation
fromwhichdataaretaken.
Thismaypreferablyincludethenameoftheauthor,
volume,pageandtheyearofpublication.
Thisshouldalsostatewhetherthedatacontainedinthe
tableisof‘primaryorsecondary’nature.

10. A model Structure of a Table is given below:
Table Number Title of the Table
Sub Heading
Caption Headings
TotalCaption Sub-
Headings
Stub Sub
-
Headings
Body
Total
FootNotes:
SourcesofData:

11. Simple
(or)
Oneway
Table
Two Way
Table
Manifold
Table

12. 1.SimpleorOne-wayTable:
Asimpleorone-waytableisthesimplesttablewhich
containsdataofonecharacteristiconly.
Asimpletableiseasytoconstructandsimpleto
follow.
Occupations No. of Adults
Total

13. 2.Two-WayTable:
Atable,whichcontainsdataontwocharacteristics,is
calledatwowaytable.
Insuchcase,therefore,eitherstuborcaptionis
dividedintotwoco-ordinateparts.
Occupation
No. of Adults
Total
Male Female
Total

14. 3. Manifold Table:
Atable,whichhasmorethantwocharacteristicsof
dataisconsideredasamanifoldtable.
Occupa
tion
No. of Adults
TotalMale Female
M UTotalM U Total
Total
Footnote:‘M’standsforMarriedand‘U’standsforUnmarried.

15. Merits of Tabulation:
Tablespresentaclearpictureofthecomplex
massdataandmakeiteasytounderstand.
Itmakestheworkofcomparisoneasy.
Itpresentsthedatainsmallestpossiblespace
anditsavespaperandalsogivesmoreclarity.
Itgivessignificantforclassification.
Demerits of Tabulation:
Tablescontainsonlyfiguresanddonotafford
significantspacefortheirdescription.
Qualitativeinformationcannotbepresentedin
theformoftabulation.