TAPI.pptx

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1. SST Practical Roll No. 20 TAPI Ridham Jain IX-A

2. 2 Created By Ridham The Tapi River, also known as the Tapti River, belongs to the Indian subcontinent's river system. It is one of the major rivers in India and flows through central India, primarily in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat, before emptying into the Arabian Sea. The Tapi River is an important river in the Indian subcontinent and plays a significant role in the region's agriculture and ecology. River System

3. ORIGIN The Tapti River, originates in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It has its source in the Satpura Range, specifically from the Multai plateau in the Betul district of Madhya Pradesh. From its origin, the Tapi River flows westward through Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat before eventually emptying into the Arabian Sea on the west coast of India. Created By Ridham 3

4. 4 The Tapi River flows through several important cities and towns in India as it makes its way from its origin in Madhya Pradesh to its mouth in the Arabian Sea. Some of the notable cities and towns along the course of the Tapi River include: 1. Multai (Madhya Pradesh) - The river originates in the Satpura Range near Multai . 2. Betul (Madhya Pradesh) 3. Burhanpur (Madhya Pradesh) 4. Jalgaon (Maharashtra) 5. Bhusawal (Maharashtra) 6. Surat (Gujarat) - Surat is one of the largest cities along the Tapi River. 7. Ankleshwar (Gujarat) 8. Bharuch (Gujarat) - Bharuch is another significant city situated on the Tapi's banks. 9. Narmada district (Gujarat) 10. Gulf of Khambhat - The Tapi River eventually empties into the Arabian Sea, near the Gulf of Khambhat (Cambay). These cities and towns rely on the Tapi River for various purposes, including agriculture, transportation, and industrial use. Important cities through which it flows

5. 5 Yes, there are several dams built on the Tapi River and its tributaries to manage water resources, provide irrigation, generate hydroelectric power, and control flooding. Some of the prominent dams on the Tapi River and its tributaries include: 1 . Ukai Dam: Ukai Dam is a major dam on the Tapi River in the state of Gujarat. It is located near Surat and is primarily used for irrigation, hydroelectric power generation, and flood control. 2. Hathnur Dam: Hathnur Dam is situated on the Tapi River in the state of Maharashtra. It is used for irrigation and is an important water resource for the region. 3. Kakrapar Dam: Kakrapar Dam is another dam on the Tapi River in the state of Gujarat. It serves multiple purposes, including irrigation and water supply. 4. Bhandardara Dam: While not directly on the Tapi River, the Bhandardara Dam is on the Pravara River, a tributary of the Tapi. It is located in the state of Maharashtra and is used for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. . Dams On this river

6. 6 Created By Ridham The Tapi River, like many other rivers in India and around the world, faces pollution from various sources. Some of the primary causes of pollution in the Tapi River include: 1. Industrial Pollution: The presence of industries along the banks of the Tapi River contributes significantly to pollution. Industrial effluents, including chemicals, heavy metals, and waste materials, are often discharged directly into the river, leading to water pollution. 2. Agricultural Runoff: Pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers used in agricultural practices in the Tapi River basin can wash into the river during rainfall or irrigation, leading to contamination of water with agricultural chemicals. 3. Domestic Sewage: Discharge of untreated or partially treated sewage from households and urban areas into the river is a major source of pollution. This sewage contains harmful pathogens and pollutants that degrade water quality. 4. Solid Waste Disposal: Improper disposal of solid waste, including plastics and other non-biodegradable materials, can accumulate in and along the riverbanks, contributing to environmental pollution. Causes of pollution

7. 7 Created By Ridham 5. Deforestation and Soil Erosion: Deforestation in the river's catchment area and soil erosion can increase sedimentation in the river, reducing water quality and impacting aquatic life. 6. Mining Activities: Mining operations, including sand mining, can disturb the riverbed, increase sedimentation, and introduce harmful chemicals and heavy metals into the water. 7. Urbanization: Rapid urbanization can lead to increased impervious surfaces, such as roads and buildings, which can result in more rapid runoff of rainwater, carrying pollutants into the river. 8. Inadequate Waste Management: Lack of proper waste management infrastructure and practices can lead to the dumping of garbage and waste into the river. 9. Dams and Barrages: The construction of dams and barrages can alter the river's flow and ecosystem, impacting water quality and aquatic life. 10. Climate Change: Changes in rainfall patterns, temperature, and water flow due to climate change can also have indirect effects on river pollution by altering the river's hydrology. Causes of pollution

8. 8 Created By Ridham Efforts are being made by governments, environmental organizations, and communities to address pollution in the Tapi River and its tributaries through various measures, including improved wastewater treatment, stricter regulations on industrial effluents, afforestation, and public awareness campaigns. Suggestion to avoid pollution

9. THANK YOU! Ridham Jain Email [email protected]