Taxila

Taxila

1. Group # 11 GROUP MEMBERS : ZIA ULLAH ANWAR KHAYAL FURQAN MEHMOD INAM ULLAH Teacher : AR .KHALID

2. Taxila INTRODUCTION AND Location The Taxila archaeological site is located in the province of Punjab, Pakistan, about 30 km north of the Capital Territory of Islamabad. It lies off the famous and historical Grand Trunk Road. The modern archaeological region of Taxila is composed of 18 sites of significant cultural value which were inducted as a whole into the UNESCO world heritage umbrella in 1980 CE.

3. Taxila was an ancient city located in what is now considered the province of Punjab in Pakistan. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was discovered in 1980 by the archaeologist Alexander Cunningham. The city was originally called Takshashila, meaning the ‘City of Cut Stone’ based on the construction style that was dominant throughout the settlement. Historically, Taxila was an important city in the Kingdom of Gandhara which was present in the region from about 1000 BC to 1000 AD. Taxila was then governed under several different empires, with each wanting to benefit from the convenient trade route it offered within South and Central Asia .

4. Today, the new city of Taxila is a fairly modern settlement spread around and amongst the ruins of a bygone era. Transport is easily available locally for those who wish to explore all its historical wonders

5. Jaulian Stupa This 2nd cent CE establishment is a highly decorated and compact construction which is situated in the neighborhood of the city of Sirsukh, rising 300 ft above the Taxila valley and within view of Sirsukh. The name Jaulian means "Seat of Saints" in the local language, a name which has probably existed since antiquity. The Jaulian establishment is a later work and is very lavish, harkening to a time in the Buddhist history of the region when the superficial depiction of the Buddha image was at its peak. It has numerous chapels and votive stupas in its two courts and Architectural Highlights

6. once housed massive Buddha sculptures as well. Its location is considered one of the most picturesque in the region. Other sites include the Mohra Moradu complex, Jinna Wali Dheri and the recently re-excavated Bhamala stupa (a rare cruciform stupa).

7. Each of these establishments has associated monasteries and other auxiliary buildings creating a fairly uniform pattern of planning as with other Gandharan sites. Although today Taxila is known as a "region", in antiquity it was the name of a city which spread over 3 sites dating from the vedic era down to the late ancient period. Known now by place names where the remains were found, the  cities  in antiquity were probably all known with the same name i.e. Takshasila.

8. Takshashila University | World's First and Oldest University Taksha Institute

9. Takshashila University was established 2700 years ago in Taxila. Takshasila is also known as Taxila or Takshila.  Between 600BC and 500AD, Taxila was in the kingdom of Gandhar, in Ancient   INDIA  before partition, but now Takshashila is in Rawalpindi district of the Punjab Pakistan after partition. Takshashila University offered over sixty courses in various fields . The University consisted of three buildings: RatnaSagar, Ratnodavi and ratnayanjak. The ancient Takshasila were declared a UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural organization) world Heritag