Tcp/ip_notes________________________.ppt

It's TCP IP notes

1. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 1
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Chapter 1
Introduction

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OBJECTIVES:
To give a brief history of the Internet.
To give the definition of the two often-used terms in the
discussion of the Internet: protocol and standard.
To categorize standard organizations involved in the
Internet and give a brief discussion of each.
To define Internet Standards and explain the mechanism
through which these standards are developed.
To discuss the Internet administration and give a brief
description of each branch.

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Chapter
Outline
1.1 A Brief History
1.2 Protocols and Standards
1.3 Standards Organizations
1.4 Internet Standards
1.5 Internet Administration

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1-1 A BRIEF HISTORY
Anetworkisagroupofconnected,communicating
devicessuchascomputersandprinters.Aninternetis
twoormorenetworksthatcancommunicatewitheach
other.Themostnotableinternetiscalledtheinternet,
composedofhundredsofthousandsofinterconnected
networks.Privateindividualsaswellasvarious
organizationssuchasgovernmentagencies,schools,
researchfacilities,corporations,andlibrariesinmore
than100countriesusetheInternet.

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Topics Discussed in the Section
ARPANET
Birth of the Internet
TCP/IP
MILNET
CSNET
NSFNET
ANSNET
The Internet Today
World Wide Web
Growth of the Internet

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Figure 1.1Internet today

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1-2 PROTOCOLS AND STANDARDS
Inthissection,wedefinetwowidelyusedterms:
protocolsandstandards.First,wedefineprotocol,
whichissynonymouswith“rule.”Thenwediscuss
standards,whichareagreed-uponrules.

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Topics Discussed in the Section
Protocols
Standards

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1-3 STANDARDS ORGANIZATION
Standardsaredevelopedthroughthecooperationof
standardscreationcommittees,forums,and
governmentregulatoryagencies.

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Topics Discussed in the Section
Standards Creation Committees
Forums
Regulatory Agencies

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1-4 INTERNET STANDARDS
AnInternetstandardisathoroughlytested
specificationthatisusefultoandadheredtobythose
whoworkwiththeInternet.Itisaformalized
regulationthatmustbefollowed.Thereisastrict
procedurebywhichaspecificationattainsInternet
standardstatus.AspecificationbeginsasanInternet
draft.AnInternetdraftisaworkingdocumentwithno
officialstatusandasix-monthlifetime.

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Topics Discussed in the Section
Maturity Levels
Requirement Levels

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Figure 1.2Maturity levels of an RFC

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Figure 1.3Requirement levels of an RFC

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RFCs can be found at
http://www.rfc-editor.org.
Note

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1-5 INTERNET ADMINISTRATION
TheInternet,withitsrootsprimarilyintheresearch
domain,hasevolvedandgainedabroaderuserbase
withsignificantcommercialactivity.Variousgroups
thatcoordinateInternetissueshaveguidedthis
growthanddevelopment.AppendixGgivesthe
addresses,e-mailaddresses,andtelephonenumbers
forsomeofthesegroups.Figure1.4showsthe
generalorganizationofInternetadministration.

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Topics Discussed in the Section
Internet Society (ISOC)
Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)
Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA)
Internet Corporation for Names and Numbers
(ICANN)
Network Information Center (NIC)

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Figure 1.4Internet administration

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The addresses and websites for Internet
organizations can be found in
Appendix G.
Note