Teaching and learning re strategies.pptx

https://applications.icao.int/tools/RSP_ikit/story_content/external_files/2016%20ACI%20SMS%20Handbook_WEB_FINAL.pdf

1. Teaching and learning strategies Part 2 : Dr. Heba Osama

2. Learning strategies can be classified into several categories — cognitive, metacognitive, management, and motivational. Cognitive strategies: aim to acquire and deepen the understanding of the content within the domain studied, as well as improve retrieval and transfer of knowledge. These include reading, highlighting, note-taking, summarizing, and paraphrasing, organization, generation, retrieval practice, and self-testing, etc. Metacognitive strategies: are based on the individual's understanding of learning and cognition. They rely on his or her ability to assess the learning process to identify strengths and weaknesses. Metacognition involves planning learning activities, monitoring the process during learning, and evaluating results. Management strategies : aim to create optimal learning conditions, particularly by the learner's ability to find and evaluate information. Motivational strategies: trigger the drive to engage in learning. There are several relevant aspects, including: The mindset of the learner His or her beliefs about the value of the learning activity The source of motivation (intrinsic or extrinsic)

3. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 1: Lecture Lecturing has proven to be one of the most effective ways to present information to large groups of students when you need to cover a lot of material quickly. With technology, lectures don’t have to be boring. Incorporating polling technology, videos, and interactive software applications, can make the lecture fun and combat the passive student role.

4. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 2: High-Fidelity Simulation Simulation allows students to recreate a clinical scenario in an artificial setting. These scenarios often mimic the patient care environment and allow for direct application of theoretical knowledge. Simulations often provide innovative educational experiences that help nurses assess and develop clinical competency. Plus, it improves the nursing student’s satisfaction and self-confidence. Incorporating debriefing sessions after each simulation as well will improve critical thinking and clinical reasoning. It’s important to discuss the scenario, what went right, what went wrong, why that is the case, and to evaluate your nursing student’s reactions to the simulation.

5. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 3: Concept Mapping This strategy motivates students to represent ideas visually, which causes them to analyze, evaluate, and think critically. Concept mapping helps complete missing knowledge and clarify existing knowledge by allowing students to see interrelationships in clinical data and grasp a patient’s total clinical picture. These concept mapping applications are even available on mobile devices.

6. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 4: Online Course Online courses for nurses can control their own study time and work it around their schedule. By using online courses, the instructor can prepare diverse learning materials, such as literature, videos, websites and discussion forums, and administer an online test to evaluate comprehension.

7. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 5: Role Playing In role playing, students represent and experience characters known in everyday life, and helps students learn how to communicate and deal with conflict. To utilize this strategy, establish the goal of the role-playing activity, and debrief after the activity is complete to provide feedback to students.

8. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 6: Case Study Case studies are realistic and complex stories that help bridge the gap between theory and practice, and between the classroom and the workplace. The use of Case studies in nurse education is suitable for teaching about clinical diseases, culture competence, communication skills, and other topics.

9. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 7: Debating Debating should be used when teaching a controversial issue or discussing a trend in nursing education. It helps students to become actively involved in learning the course content and promotes critical thinking skills and enhances verbal communication skills. It may help to create an anonymous environment to discuss more sensitive issues. This is not necessarily a learning method to “out” someone for their beliefs, but to demonstrate the vast differences in every social situation and how it impacts individual communication styles.

10. Teaching Strategies in Nurse Education Strategy 8: Problem-Based Learning Lecturing has proven to be one of the most effective ways to present information to large groups of students when you need to cover a lot of material quickly. With technology, lectures don’t have to be boring. Incorporating polling technology, videos, and interactive software applications, can make the lecture fun and combat the passive student role.

11. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 1-Classroom management strategies Teachers overwhelmingly reported a lack of professional development support when it came to improving their own classroom management strategies. This can lead to confusion for students and frustration for teachers. When students clearly understand what’s expected of them, they’re more likely to be focused and engaged with their lessons.

12. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 1-Classroom management strategies Some tips for building a positive environment include: Model ideal behavior:  Clearly explain proper behavior and then follow it yourself. Encourage initiative:  Allow students to actively participate in the learning process with class discussions and exercises that support the initiative. Avoid collective punishment:  While it can be difficult, make a point of calling out disruptive behaviors on an individual, not collective, basis.

13. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 2. Summative assessment Summative assessments are end-of-unit tests, final projects or standardized tests used to assess student understanding on a broad and absolute level. But there are important benefits to using summative assessments as a teaching strategy: they motivate students to pay attention and challenge them to apply their learning. They’re also a valuable source of insight for teachers, especially for those with larger classes allowing them to easily identify and correct any wide gaps in understanding across the classroom.

14. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 2. Summative assessment • Occurs at end of chapter or unit • Evaluates what students learn • Covers complete content areas • Assigns a grade to students’ understanding • Emphasizes the product of student learning

15. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 3. Formative assessment Formative assessments are the opposite of summative assessments because they take place during the teaching process. Formative assessments can reduce student stress around testing. They give you the chance to correct course mid-unit if there are serious comprehension issues and to see which students might need a bit more one-on-one time.

16. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 3. Formative assessment • Occurs through chapter or unit • Improves how students learn • Covers small content areas • Monitors on how students are learning • Focuses on process of student learning.

17. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 4. Active learning •Put students at the center of the classroom with active learning strategies — a teaching technique that increases student engagement in daily lessons. The technique can also help teachers as much as it helps students: With the goal of teaching mindful learners who actively pursue knowledge, teachers become more actively engaged in how they teach the curriculum and how they develop each student’s learning potential. They mix and match a variety of tactics to ensure that students not only learn more, better, and faster -- they also learn smarter.”

18. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques Some active learning strategies include: Reciprocal questioning:  Have students come up with questions for the class on a recent lesson or concept. The pause procedure:  Take a break every 10 to 15 minutes so that students have time to discuss, ask questions or solve problems. Muddiest point:  Ask students to write down which point in the lesson is the least clear to them.

19. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 5. Differentiated instruction Differentiated instruction is a popular and effective teaching strategy that involves reacting to the diverse learning styles in every classroom with adjusted content and processes. Frequently reflect on the match between your classroom and the philosophy of teaching and learning you want to practice. Look for matches, mismatches and use both to guide you.” Strategies like learning stations and the think-pair-share method are small ways that you can bring unique learning experiences to your students.

20. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 6. Personalized learning Personalized learning builds a learning experience that addresses the unique abilities of each student. “Students attending classroom using personalized learning made gains in math and reading over the last two years that are significantly greater than a virtual control group made up of similar students selected from comparable schools. Personalized learning allows students to learn without stigma and gets students involved in what they’re learning.

21. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 7. Universal design for learning Universal design for learning (UDL) is an educational framework that ensures all students have equal access to education. Use it in your classroom to give unique students flexible ways to learn and become more goal oriented. Universal design for learning gives all students an impactful learning experience and helps teachers focus their efforts on students who need it most. For more information on how to make sure all your students succeed.

22. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 8. Response to intervention Response to intervention (RTI) focuses on early and continuous identification, assessment and assistance for students who have learning, or behavior needs. It’s best used as part of a more general classroom management plan and involves small-group or individual intervention that quickly addresses trouble spots. The most effective RTI strategies are proactive. Start with everyday teaching and move to targeted intervention as soon as you spot a problem.

23. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 9. Classroom technology Technology is a great way to improve student engagement and get students excited for class, but it can be difficult to incorporate seamlessly into the classroom. There are an endless number of ways to make use of technology to enhance lessons, including:

24. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 9. Classroom technology • A virtual field trip : Use virtual reality apps to explore famous landmarks and natural phenomena. Take a trip to the Great Barrier Reef to study ecosystems or tour Barcelona as part of a Spanish class. • Video mini-lessons : Teacher Tube offers an education-only version of YouTube, with videos on several core subjects. This makes the learning process more engaging, especially for visual learners. • Podcasts: Give students relevant podcasts and engage auditory learners, or have older students create their own. They’ll develop research and technology skills at the same time.

25. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 10. Project-based learning • Students must take an active role in their own learning but are often disengaged from the learning process. Project-based learning allows students to be fully immersed in an authentic and nuanced problem that has real-life implications. Project-based learning is open-ended and allows students engaged in group work to find their own way to the solution. It doesn’t look the same in every classroom - class size, student ability and learning styles play a large role in shaping the process.older students create their own. They’ll develop research and technology skills at the same time.

26. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 11. Experiential learning Every classroom has a wide range of levels and learning styles, which can be difficult for any teacher to effectively address. Use experiential learning activities to counter student disengagement and get them involved in the learning process.

27. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 11. Experiential learning Experiential learning activities • Student-centered/focused • Flexible and open learning outcomes • Develop knowledge and skills through experience • Flexible structure, minimum facilitation

28. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 11. Experiential learning Experiential learning activities • Provide students with new ways of learning to help them stay focused, learn dynamically and learn faster. Engage students in the process of inquiry and reflection! Ask them to create three to five questions (with answers) on a recent lesson. In pairs, students quiz their partners on the questions they wrote and watch to see which concepts students consider to be the most important from their lesson.

29. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 12. Peer teaching It's one of many teaching strategies that help develop reasoning and critical thinking skills, and it improves self-esteem and interpersonal skills. It can be difficult, however, to bring it to the classroom. Students might have different proficiency levels or be hesitant about teaching their peers, and it can lead to confidentiality issues about which students are struggling.

30. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 12. Peer teaching Some best practices for teaching include: • Explaining to students how to give feedback • Providing written prompts to guide discussion • Running class wide peer editing sessions

31. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 13. Inquiry-based learning • In the inquiry-based learning classroom, teachers are responsible for guiding students through their questions — past curiosity and into critical thinking and understanding.

32. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 13. Inquiry-based learning • There are 4 main types of inquiry-based learning: • Confirmation inquiry : Students are given a question along with a way to answer it • Structured inquiry : Students are given an open question and investigation method • Guided inquiry : Students work from open question to design investigation methods • Open inquiry : Students develop original questions that they answer through their own methods Students who use inquiry-based learning are more likely to retain information from the activity and curriculum content in general.

33. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 14. Problem-based learning Problem-based learning • is a student-centered pedagogy that puts students in groups to solve open-ended problems together. This teaching strategy has its advantages and disadvantages: Advantages Develop long-term knowledge retention Use diverse instruction types Students are continuously engaged Develop transferable skills Improve teamwork skills

34. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 14. Problem-based learning Problem-based learning • Disadvantages • Potentially poor test results • Student unpreparedness • Teacher unpreparedness • Assessment is time-consuming • Might not be relevant/applicable

35. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 15. Blended learning • Blended learning combines online learning with traditional classroom instruction. It’s a valuable tool to use in differentiation teaching strategies and can help students learn tailored content at their own pace. There are several different ways to bring blended learning to your classroom, but some common methods include implementing learning stations and putting certain lessons online in part or entirely. With many classrooms supporting hybrid learning environments in the last two years, blended learning has become a more common teaching strategy across classrooms.

36. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 16. Interdisciplinary teaching Use interdisciplinary teaching strategies to encourage students to develop creative and critical thinking skills — and draw information from several different academic disciplines — as they solve real-world problems. In your classroom, interdisciplinary teaching could involve collaboration with other teachers or asking your students to make connections between different subjects. Try these activities to get your class started:

37. Classroom teaching strategies and techniques 16. Interdisciplinary teaching • News analysis : Play a news clip or hand out an article that discusses a local, national or international topic. Ask students to solve a related question using skills they’ve learned in other classes. • All about Weather : Look at the impact of weather and climate on the labor, agriculture and customs of other societies. This gives students a chance to learn about different cultures from a scientific and social standpoint. • Historical Pen Pals: Combine creative writing and history by having students take on the role of a historical figure and write to classmates about challenges she faced. Give students a variety of sources to improve their research skills at the same time.