teaching methods of environmental education

its explains different teaching methods of environmental education and this includes project method,discussion method,demonstration method

1. SEMINAR TOPIC :– TEACHING METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION – DISCUSSION, DEMONSTRATION, PROJECT

2. CONTENTS ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION TEACHING METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION DISCUSSION METHOD MEANING IMPORTANCE TYPES DISCUSSION COULD BE INITIATED THROUGH: STEPS FOR USING DISCUSSION METHOD A DISCUSSION COULD BE EFFECTIVE BY: ROLE OF TEACHER SUGGESTED GD TOPICS DEMONSTRATION METHOD HOW EFFECTIVELY EXECUTE? CHARECTERISTICS OF A GOOD DEMONSTRATION ADVANTAGES PROJECT METHOD DEFINITION PRINCIPLES STEPS CHARECTERISTICS A FEW EXAMPLES OF PROJECT IN EE: ROLE OF TEACHER CONCLUSION

3. ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION Environmental education is a process of developing awareness, positive attitudes and a will to act in an appropriate manner towards the environment

4. TEACHING METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RDUCATION 1 .DISCUSSION METHOD 2 .DEMONSTRATION METHOD 3 .PROJECT METHOD

5. 1.DISCUSSION METHOD

6. DISCUSSION METHOD It is a teaching strategy generally adopted to promote team work and develop critical thinking and analytical abilities, and positive attitudes among learners. The environmental issues or problems to be discussed by the students could be presented through films or slide shows or explained by the teacher.

7. MEANING OF DISCUSSION Discussion is an activity in which persons indulge in verbal interaction over a topic. As a purposeful activity , it involves consideration of the relationships in a topic/problem under study and these relationships are analyzed, compared and evaluated to arrive at conclusions.

8. IMPORTANCE OF DISCUSSION METHOD Understand the issue or question being raised React or respond to the views/ideas of others Participate in guided and orderly learning Communicate views/ideas supported with reasons Clarifying values Evaluate arguments and change one’s own value position if necessary

9. Analyses an issue critically Express individual opinions, ideas, views, without inhibition Change one’s own attitude Identify alternatives for resolving an issue or a problem Develop ability to react and respond to the views of others

10. TYPES OF DISCUSSION TEACHER INITIATED DISCUSSION STUDENT INITIATED DISCUSSION PANEL DISCUSSION SYMPOSIUM

11. TEACHER INITIATED DISCUSSION

12. STUDENT INITIATED DISCUSSION

13. PANEL DISCUSSION

14. SYMPOSIUM

15. DISCUSSION COULD BE INITIATED THROUGH: The teacher introducing a topic or problem or situation The students called to describe a scene or situation Ideas/views expressed in newspapers/periodicals Films or video tapes played as a forerunner. Points arising from panel discussion, open forums and symposia

16. STEPS FOR USING DISCUSSION METHOD STEP-1 Identification of the problem, outlining its significance , scope and nature STEP-2 Analyzing the problem through free exchange of ideas and solutions STEP-3 Arriving at solutions ,formulations of recommendations or resolutions and drafting of the report STEP-4 Finalizing the report, sharing and effecting modifications

17. A DISCUSSION COULD BE EFFECTIVE BY: Stimulating and sustaining the interest of the participants Stating the expected outcomes of the discussion Creating an atmosphere for freewheeling of ideas Clarifying doubts and asking for explanation if necessary

18. Inviting interpretations and avoiding arguments Providing scope for evaluating facts and points of views summarizing the details Emphasizing important points Honoring differences of opinion and honest views Concluding the discussions the various ideas / points discussed

19. Formulating a topic for discussion and delimiting its scope Encouraging active participation from each member Directing the discussion through appropriate questions Training students in planning , organizing and conducting similar discussions Creating an atmosphere for freewheeling of ideas/expressions Avoiding personality clashers and domination by any one student/group during discussion

20. SUGGESTED GD TOPICS Leakage in water pipes and sewage pipes Issue of licenses to construct tall buildings Water pollution in sea Disposal of garbage Inadequate facilities for dumping waste Problem of endosulfan pollution in kasargod

21. 2. DEMONSTRATION METHOD

22. Demonstration is another useful teaching method which is employed environmental education. Demonstration means showing how something is to be done or not to be done. Through demonstration a teacher presents a task requiring some skill before the students. demonstrations are most effective when followed by a student – activity.

23. HOW EFFECTIVELY EXECUTE? PLAN ,PLAN ,PLAN USE TRAINING AIDS ‘HANDS ON’ PRACTICE

24. CHARECTERISTICS OF A GOOD DEMONSTRATION All pupils should be able to observe the demonstration Apparatus, specimens, models etc. used should be as possible and graduation in any instrument used should be prominent Attention must be given to the adequate lighting of the demonstration table Make sure that all the materials and illustrations are nearby when the demonstration begins Apparatus should be arranged in the proper order

25. Before demonstration adequate and specific instructions for observations must be given to pupils For recording the data pupils should be given sufficient time There must be an element of curiosity ,anticipation or surprise associated with the demonstration A black board behind the demonstration table will facilitate summarizing the related principles and key concepts in time.

26. ADVANTAGES SEVERAL SENSES DIRECT EXPERIANCES TEACHER IS PRESENT IDEAS AND CONCEPTS STEP BY STEP QUALITY OF OBSERVATION PRACTICAL,INTELLECTUAL AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS PRESENTS REALITY STIMULATE INTEREST ATTENTION CATCHING

27. 3.PROJECT METHOD

28. It is one of the methods employed for strengthening outdoor education studies. it usually involves investigation for learning about the environment and its problems. A project may include a series of related problems and could cover a small portion of the subject matter or a few units of the course. The project method of teaching builds a unit around an activity that is carried out in the school or outside.

29. DEFINITION J A STEVENSON , “ The project method is a problematic act carried to completion in its natural setting”

30. PRINCIPLES OF THE PROJECT METHOD PURPOSE ACTIVITY UTILITY FREEDOM FEASIBILITY

31. STEPS Providing a situation Choosing and purposing Planning Executing the project Evaluating the project Recording

32. CARECTERISTICS OF PROJECT METHOD A project contributes to stimulating interest , satisfying curiosity, developing scientific attitude, critical thinking and a scientific bent of mind. It helps increase one’s confidence in the subject. It encourages independent investigation by learners and offers scope for involvement of the community and its resources. It may be carried out by students individually or in groups .

33. Investigatory skills including observation ,collection of samples ,information from several sources for arriving at conclusions or inferences and preparations of reports The confidence needed to present information to the community and to approach the community and different agencies for information . collective thinking and team work skills of arguing the view point developed from the study

34. Ability to take appropriate action either individually or through community to protect the environment. courage to speak for the right cause, free from prejudices. The qualities of self- confidence, self- dependence , risk taking behavior.

35. A FEW EXAMPLES OF PROJECT IN EE: Effect of a cheap detergent on hands and cloths Why is there drinking water shortage in Kerala , although it receives good rain fall Effect of chemical fertilizers on plants and plant products Study of traffic census A study of the disposal of house hold wastes in a town or a city Investigating patterns of agricultural practices in a rural community

36. ROLE OF THE TEACHER He should provide occasions for every student to come forward and contribute something towards the success of the project. He should be alert all the time to see that the project is running on it’s right tracks. He should thoroughly study the abilities ,interests, aptitudes ,etc . of each individual student so as to allot them suitable works relating to the project. He should create and maintain a democratic atmosphere so that the students can express themselves freely without any fear or hesitation. He should always be a friend, guide, and working partner

37. CONCLUTION The most environmental education teaching methods are Discussion method, Demonstration method , Project method . Discussion is a teaching strategy generally adopted to promote team work and develop critical thinking and analytical abilities, and positive attitudes among learners. Through demonstration method a teacher presents a task requiring some skill before the students. The project method contributes to stimulating interest , satisfying curiosity, developing scientific attitude, critical thinking and a scientific bent of mind . These three methods help to teaching – learning strategies in environmental education.