Teicoplanin

Teicoplanin antibiotic

1. Teicoplanin By: Ala’a F. Hassan/Dept. of clinical pharmacy

2. Mechanism of action It is a glycopeptide antibiotic, produced by fermentation of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus has bactericidal activity; Binds to the terminal D-Ala-D-Ala sequence of peptides forming the bacterial cell wall and, by stearically hindering the transglycosylation reaction, inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan

3. Spectrum of activity Staphyloccocus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci Enterococci, Listeria mono­cytogenes , micrococci & Eikenella corradens Group JK corynebacteria Gram-positive anaerobes including Clostridium difficile , and peptococci

4. Clinical uses Potentially serious Gram-positive infections as Septicaemia , endocarditis, intravenous catheter-associated inf. and peritonitis Skin and soft tissue infections Urinary tract infections Lower respiratory tract infections Joint and bone infections prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery treat Gram-positive infections in children from the age of 2 months

5. Pharmacokinetics Distribution; has biphasic distribution profile, it rapidly penetrates into tissues, including skin, fat, blister exudates, joint fluid, neutrophils, bones and reaches the highest concentrations in the kidney, trachea, lungs and adrenals Has a longer half-life than vancomycin (159 hr Vs 11 hr ) Approximately 90-95% teicoplanin is bound with weak affinity to plasma proteins excreted unchanged mainly in the urine

6. A. Reactions &Cautions Reported anaphylactic reactions/caution in pt. with history of vancomycin HSR Hematologic A.R/required periodic hematologic screening Renal and auditory function test recommended/possible nephro- & neurotoxicity Superinfections reported Use in pregnancy & lactation/category D Interactions: increases liver & renal function tests results/incompatible AG direct I.V admixture

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