Testicular tumors pathology with histology

A brief pathology of testicular tumors in relation to histopathology.

1. Male genital system Testicular tumors

2. Testicular tumors Classification

3. Seminoma 3 rd decade

4. Spermatocytic seminoma

5. Morphology: Gross: Small, pale gray, cut surface reveals mucoid cysts Microscopy: Contains three cells population: Medium sized Smaller sized Giant cells Lacks lymphocytes

6. Embryonal carcinoma 20 to 30 years Gross: Smaller than seminoma On c/s tumor shows hemorrhage and necrosis and poor margins Microscopy: The cells grow in tubular or alveolar patterns Undifferentiated lesions show sheets of cells The cells show variable size and shape with hyperchromatic nuclei Mitosis and tumor giant cells are present

7. Yolk sac tumor Common tumor of infants and children up to 3 years Good prognosis Gross: Non-capsulated with homogeneous pale-white mucinous appearance Microscopy: Cells are medium sized cuboidal or flattened arranged in lace like architecture Schiller-Duvel bodies are seen. They have visceral and parietal layers of cells and resemble glomeruli Presence of AFP in the tumor cells is the characteristic feature

8. Choriocarcinoma Highly malignant tumor Detected as small palpable nodule lesser than 5 cm Hemorrhage and necrosis are common Microscopy: Two cell types Syncytiotrophoblast : large, multi nucleated cells with abundant vacuolated cytoplasm containing HCG. Cytotrophoblast: regular shaped with distinct borders and clear cytoplasm.

9. Teratoma: Various cellular derivatives of more than one germ cell layer Gross: Large, solid, heterogeneous, composed of various tissues Sometimes cartilaginous and cystic Microscopy: Heterogeneous collection of differentiated cells of neural tissue, muscles, cartilage, epithelium, thyroid gland, bone, or intestinal wall

10. Sex-cord stromal tumors Leydig cell tumor: Gross: Appear as circumscribed nodules c/s shows distinctive homogeneous golden brown appearance Microscopy: The neoplastic cells are round or polygonal and large in size Abundant granular cytoplasm and central nucleus Cytoplasm contains lipid droplets, and rod shaped crystals of Reinke

11. Sertoli cell tumor Gross: Firm and small nodules c/s shows homogeneous pale white appearance Microscopy: Cells are arranged in trabeculae that forms cord like structures and tubules

12. Lymphoma Most common cause of testicular mass in males > 60 years Often bilateral Usually diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL)