The asean integration The asean integration.pptx

The integration

1. The asean integration global media culture globalization of culture

2. The evolution and the dynamics of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) In the early 1960s there was already an emerging organization and it is called the Association of the Southeast Asia (ASA). It was established in July 31, 1961 by the three leaders of each country that is part of the organization which is That Khoman from Thailand, Felixberto Serrano of the Philippines, and Tunku Abdul Raman from the Republic of Malaya. The articulated goal of ASA is Cultural and Economic Cooperation, there was also Political goals gleaned. There are some the challenges were encountered from its inception such as; Lack of confidence from other Southeast Asian Nations, Presumed political goals, And the dissent other states because of their alignment with the western bloc.

3. In 1963, another confederation was formed, convened by then President Diosdado Macapagal. This was referred to as MAPHILINDO (Great Malayan Confederation), involving Malaysia, Philippines, and Indonesia, which aimed to unite "nations of Malay origins." This did not last very long and was terminated by Indonesia-Malaysia Konfrontasi -the former's policy arguing against the formation of the Federation of Malaysia. Four years after, representatives from Indonesia and Singapore, with those from three ASA member states, engaged in informal discussions in a coastal resort in Bang Saen, where they formulated the idea of a Southeast Asian cooperation. Thus, in August 8, 1967, these foreign ministers sat down in Bangkok, Thailand and signed the ASEAN Declaration. Also referred to as the Founding Fathers of ASEAN, the five ministers present were Adam Malik (Indonesia), Narciso R. Ramos (Philippines), Tun Abdul Razak (Malaysia), S. Rajaratnam (Singapore), and Thanat Khoman (Thailand).

4. The ASEAN Thanat Khoman (1992), one of the founding fathers, articulated why SEA needed an organization for cooperation. First, the cooperation will repel new colonial powers from stepping in after old colonizers withdrew. Second, it is strategic to work with neighbors, with shared interest and identity, than with allies from distant lands (e.g., SEATO). Third, harnessing the strengths of member states will provide an advantage in dealing with bigger powers in potential conflicts. Most importantly, cooperation and integration enable achievement of goals which could be not accomplished alone.

5. The principles of the ASEAN Are enshrined in the ASEAN Declaration (1967), also referred to as Bangkok Declaration. The opening section of the Declaration provided a situationer of SEA's geopolitical and economic affairs at that time: Existence of shared problems and interests Need for unity and cooperation Shared aspirations and ideals ("peace, progress, and prosperity") Shared responsibility for "economic and social responsibility" Presence of foreign bases as temporary and with "concurrence from countries concerned" The following section contains the declarations, as follows: Establishment of ASEAN An articulation of the aims and purpose of ASEAN A list of strategies and mechanisms to enable the achievement of the goals A statement of openness for membership An articulation of ASEAN as a collective representation of member states

6. Important dates of asean SUMMITS Year Accord and Brief Description Place August 8, 1967 ASEAN Declaration Founding principles, aims and goals, and general mechanism Bangkok November 27, 1971 Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality Declaration Articulation of intention to ensure freedom from any external inference and to widen platform for cooperation Kuala Lumpur February 24, 1976 Declaration of ASEAN Concord Adoption of a program of action for ASEAN cooperation; emphasis on the elimination of poverty and related social ills as well as the intensification of member state support in times of natural calamities Bali February 24, 1976 Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia A peace treaty to ensure peaceful conflict resolution, non-interference, non-violence, and mutual respect and cooperation Bali

7. December 15, 1987 Manila Declaration Reaffirms commitment to previous declarations and accord Manila July 22, 1992 ASEAN Declaration on the South China Sea Calls for peaceful approach in solving issues on the South China Sea, with reference to the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in South Asia (1976) and for exploration on possible cooperation in ensuring safety in the area Manila December 15, 1995 Treaty on the Southeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon- Free Zone (Bangkok Treaty) Calls for a moratorium on availment , development, and use of nuclear weapon in the SEA and provides a set of protocols for monitoring compliance Bangkok December 15, 1997 ASEAN Vision 2020 Reaffirmation of commitment to Bangkok Declaration (1967) and re-articulation (1971); a call for "Partnership in Dynamics Development" and forging "A Community of Caring Societies" Kuala Lumpur

8. November 5, 2001 Declaration on Joint Action to Counter Terrorism Condemnation of terrorist attacks, expression of sympathy to families and victims of terrorism l, rejection of linking terrorism to religion or race, and commitment to counter any terrorist acts Bandar Seri Begawan October 7-8, 2003 Declaration of ASEAN Concord II (Bali Concord) Establishing an ASEAN Community with three pillars: "political and security cooperation, economic cooperation, and socio-cultural Cooperation" Bali January 13, 2007 ASEAN Convention on Counter Terrorism (ACCT) Recalls the "Declaration on Joint Action to Counter Terrorism" (2001); defines criminal acts of terrorism based on existing policy instruments Cebu January 13, 2007 Cebu Declaration on the Acceleration of the Establishment of an ASEAN Community by 2015 Re-articulation of commitment to ASEAN Vision 2020 and the Declaration of ASEAN Concord II (2003) You sent Cebu

9. November 20, 2007 Declaration of the ASEAN Economic Blueprint Adoption of the ASEAN Economic Blueprint Singapore November 22, 2015 ASEAN Socio-Cultural Blueprint 2025 Kuala Lumpur May 25,2016 Joint Declaration of the ASEAN Defense Ministers on Promoting Defense Cooperation for a Dynamic ASEAN Community Commitment to the ASEAN motto: "One Vision, One Identity and One Caring and Sharing Community" Vientiane

10. ASEAN Integration What really is integration and what is ASEAN integration? In simpler terms, we can look at integration as a pathway toward unification in various spheres-political, economic, and social. Some theorists suggest that integration is made possible by certain conditions such as increased level of social interaction (Deutsch, 1953) and shared ideological patterns amidst a diverse society experiencing fast-paced economic growth (Haas, 1964). In the case of the ASEAN, we can arguably trace back integration to its establishment in the 1960s although more formally in the conceptualization of the ASEAN Vision 2020 in 1997. In this meeting, leaders reaffirmed their commitment to Bangkok Declaration (1967) and re-articulated the aspirations of the Kuala Lumpur Declaration (1971). It is also where they called for a more consolidated effort to forge an ASEAN Community .

11. A milestone in the journey toward ASEAN integration was the development and adoption of the ASEAN Economic Blueprint to advance the vision of an ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). The AEC has the following characteristics: Single market and production Competitive economic region Equitable economic outcomes Integration into the global economy

12. ASEAN does not only want economic cooperation but also the establishment of an ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community. In 2017, a blueprint was adopted during the 27th ASEAN Summit in Malaysia. The blueprint characterizes the ASEAN Community as follows: Empowering to people Inclusive Sustainable Resilient Dynamic

13. Global Media Cultures Culture - Way of life manifested in tangible and intangible ideas we hold dear. Media Culture -Culture that emerges due to the proliferation of mass media, the intersection between media and cultures. Jack Lule , "Globalization and Media. Creating the global village“ One of the fuels, consequences and manifestation and globalization is the flow of culture from one geographic area to another. Culture in simpler terms refers to human way of life how we present ourselves what are the choices we make and how we relate with one another.

14. Material culture -Manifest the intangible object e.g. the clothes we use the infrastructure we build the thing we create. Non-material Culture -shows intangible ideas that we hold dear e.g. beliefs, our traditions, our practices. Culture are articulated in symbols or illustrations that convey meanings. It is also manifested in language or a system of symbols that enable members of a society to communicate with one another. It is observed in our values (what we deem good, desirable, and important), beliefs (what we deem true), and practices (how we do things). Most importantly it is enshrined in our norms (rules, roles, and expectations that we have and others have relative to our membership in a society).

15. Cultural Socialization -We learn cultures through observation and participation. Cultural Exchange –When we go out and interact with other group we experience different cultures. Acculturation -They adopt the certain values and practices of the new culture. Accommodations - to lesser degree such that we may tend to adopt the new culture only when we are in public. Assimilation -In a degree such that we begin to resemble the people in other group.

16. Globalization and Culture Cultural flows -is term often used to refer to this dynamic of often in the age of globalization. Cultural differentialism - global cultural flows can be viewed in different ways one way to look it is to recognize that cultures are inherent and strongly unique from one another. Cultural hybridization - as a creative process which yields combination of global local cultures when external inputs interact with internal inputs.

17. The global flows: 1.Ethnoscapes -movement of people 2.Technoscapes -fluid and interlinked global technology 3.Financescapes -movement of huge amount of money across nation states 4.Mediaspace -fast production and transfer of information 5.Ideoscapes -movement of political images Global and local origins-a process referred to as globalization

18. Cultural Convergence -making cultures across nation states a little are similar band homogenous leading to amore isomorphic or uniform culture. Cultural Assimilation -where in dominant societies tend to influence others to be more like them. Cultural Imperialism -when cultures consciously impose themselves on other cultures and deterritorialization. Deterritorialization -when cultures is not anymore tied to restriction of the geographical space where it originates.

19. Speaking engagement metrics Media Cultures Define media means of conveying something or a channel of communication. Media can be captured in five district eras 1.Oral communication 2.Script 3.Printing press 4.Electronic Media 5.Digital Media Media -is instrumental and supportive various domains of globalization, economic, political and cultural.

20. The media of mass communication - first establishing an extricable link between the two -Second theories and perspective on media can only be understood deeply by looking at the larger cultural context theorized on and lived on the theorist. -Thirdly there are histories of intellectual exchanger that need to be attended to for grasp of the link between culture and media.

21. Media And Filipinos Filipino are also consumer various forms of media. In 2019 study it was revealed that Filipino are the world's to user of social media. Issues in Media Culture There are few issues of media Cultures: Access Production and consumption Inclusion and participation Cultural integrity

22. The principles of the ASEAN In the process of cultural hybridization construed a products: A-Culturized -without any substance Deculturalised -made appealing to global audience by removing specific elements. Reculturalised -given another cultural touch.

23. Religion of Globalization

24. • Religion - a unified system of beliefs and practice related to faith, the sacred, higher moral values • Secularization - diminishing role of religion in the society • Globalization of Religion - intermingling of universal and local religious beliefs

25. Size of Major Religious Groups Percentage of the Global Population • Christians - 32% • Muslims - 23% • Unaffiliated - 16% • Hindus - 15% • Buddhists - 7% • Folk Religionists - 6% • Other Religious - 0.8% • Jews - 0.2%

26. What is Religion? A unified system of beliefs and practices to sacred things that is to set apart and forbidden; beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church all those who adhere to them. Field continued explaining the three essential elements of this definition. First, Religion is defined as an “observable phenomena", which can be studied objectively. Second, It constructed as an organized and ordered system. Third, The sacredness of religious entities is collectively constructed in a social process toward a united “moral community". Field imparted, was founded upon this definition.

27. Kenneth Pargament a psychologist specializing in the study of religion and psychological well-being, defined religion as “a process, a search for significance in ways related to the sacred". Distinguishing it from spiritually which is a search for the sacred. For Pargament spiritually is religious “most crucial function”

28. Some affiliate with a religion of: Affiliation Motivation to have positive social interaction with people. Religious Coping religion here provides some form of psychological shield that enables people to battle against the undesirable outcomes of their life’s challenges. Spiritual Experience an outcome of the experience of the mystical and the divine and a celebration of their spiritually it is a mechanism promoting self-control and moral behaviors

29. secularization The hypothesized demise of religion and its value in societies, manifested, for instance, in the separation of the church and state. secularization is the enforcement of secularism-a philosophical view oriented toward the need for a secular life beyond one’s religion life. Stark(1999) has discussed so comprehensively why the secularization hypothesis-suggesting that the demise of religion will happen alongside the rise of modernization. According to Roudometof (2014)there have been two distinct perspective related to secularization in the modern times: 1. The Notion of Post-Secularity or the return of religious consciousness in the public sphere; and 2. Religious Modernity , where secularization is an active process emerging from social action.

30. Religious Pluralism and Tolerance The Jewish’s experience of exile or diaspora -when they were sent out form the land of Israel, and scattered toward different parts of the world. The age of diaspora in the contemporary times happen for various reasons. And as people move in and out of territories, they also carry with them their religious affiliation and its correspondent philosophies and practices.

31. This phenomenon when a small group of shared identity maintains their cultural practices as long as it aligns with the larger society's norms is referred to as cultural pluralism . In the context of religion, cultural pluralism requires a certain form of religious tolerance -allowing others to abide by their own religious practices and beliefs, such as consenting the establishment of places of worships. Religious tolerance is quintessential in fostering peace in the community

32. Religious pluralism in the age of globalization is that of the Baha'i Faith a small religion with approximately 7 million followers around the globe. Baha'i upholds principles of equality and social justice, peace and unity, world citizenship, and cultural pluralism, among others.

33. Religious Fundamentalism A critical issue on religion, which emerges in the contemporary world, is the debate on religious fundamentalism. Altemeyer and Hunsberger (1992) defined religious fundamentalism as: The belief that there is one set of religious teachings that clearly contains the fundamental, basic, intrinsic, essential, inerrant truth about humanity and deity; that this essential truth is fundamentally opposed by the forces of evil which must be vigorously fought; that this truth must be followed today according to the fundamental, unchangeable practices of the past; and that those who believe and follow these fundamental teachings have a special relationship with the deity.

34. Ylmaz (2006)opined that religious fundamentalism manifest in two ways: Non- voilent -intolerance-extreme identification with particular religion Violent intolerance -direct use of physical violence in pursuing subjectively define religious missions.

35. Glocalization of Religions Another phenomenon that matters in analyzing religion trends in the age of globalization is referred to as glocalization of religion -"universal religion is thematized alongside local particularity“ This is linked with deterritorialization-the flow of religious traditions in areas where these traditions are unfamiliar or unpopular, paving way for the emergence of transnational religions -i.e., "religion 'going global"

36. In the age of globalization, Roudometof (2013,2014) suggested four forms of Globalization: Form Description ( Roudometof 2013) Vernacularization Linking "religious universalism with vernacular language* sacred practices remain to be tied to particular sacred language e.g., Arabic to Islam Indigenization Linking" religious universalism with local particularism" religious practices are blended with indigenous practices e.g., African traditional forms meet Christianity

37. In the age of globalization, Roudometof (2013,2014) suggested four forms of Globalization: Form Description ( Roudometof 2013) Nationalization Linking “universal religion and local, national particularism” emergence of local religions tied with universal religions e.g., Church of England Transnationalization absorption of a universal religion into one’s own culture; nationalization of religion allegiance to global religious community e.g., White Anglo-Saxon Protestants among Americans

38. Thank you Brita Tamm 502-555-0152 [email protected] www.firstupconsultants.com